NS 4410 Pre- and Post-Class Quizzes Prelim 2
Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication used to reduce clotting by interfering with the
recycling of vitamin K in the body. Which of the following is CORRECT about warfarin and
vitamin K?
- Warfarin binds to and inhibits the VKORC1 protein in the vitamin K recycling pathway.
- Warfarin decreases transcription of the VKORC1 gene to reduce blood clotting.
- Inhibiting the VKORC1 protein leads to an increase in blood clotting.
- Vitamin K is a fat soluble vitamin that prevents blood clotting. - correct answer Warfarin binds
to and inhibits the VKORC1 protein in the vitamin K recycling pathway.
All the following are correct about epigenetics, EXCEPT:
- Epigenetic tags are not passed from one generation to the next (not heritable).
- Epigenetic tags do not alter the DNA sequence.
- Epigenetic tags tell genes when to "turn on" and "turn off" i.e. when to be transcribed.
- Unlike the genome which remains unchanged throughout life, the epigenome is dynamic and
can change.
- DNA methylation and histone modification are two epigenetic modifcations. - correct answer
Epigenetic tags are not passed from one generation to the next (not heritable).
Nutrigenetics involves changes in SNPs. Which of the following are CORRECT about SNPs.
Choose ALL that are correct.
- To be a SNP, a single nucleotide change needs to be present in at least 1% of the population
- SNPs can alter how one responds to diseases or medications
- SNPs are not transmitted to offspring
- All SNPs result in changes in phenotype
- SNPs are always due to deletions of single nucleotides
- SNPs are single nucleotide polymorphisms
,- SNPs are variations in a single base pair of DNA - correct answer To be a SNP, a single
nucleotide change needs to be present in at least 1% of the population
SNPs can alter how one responds to diseases or medications
SNPs are single nucleotide polymorphisms
SNPs are variations in a single base pair of DNA
Which of the following is most correct about "Precision Nutrition"?
- Involves using genetic information to develop diets for the population.
- Refers to the use of direct-to-consumer genetic blood tests for people to personalize their
own diets at home.
- Aspires to prevent chronic disease and improve health by individualizing diet
recommendations based on biological, genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors.
- We have enough consistent evidence to use genetic testing and microbiome data to make
specific dietary recommendations to individual patients. - correct answer Aspires to prevent
chronic disease and improve health by individualizing diet recommendations based on
biological, genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors.
Match the following terms and definitions:
Nutritional epigenetics
Genetics
Nutrigenetics
Exposome
Nutrigenomics
Metabolomics
Proteomics
, - The study of the different phenotypic responses to a specific diet depending on the genotype
of individuals.
- Interaction between dietary components and the genome and the resulting changes in
proteins and other metabolites that affect gene expression.
- collection of environmental factors, including diet, that can impact an individual's health
- The influence of diet on changes in gene expression without changing the DNA sequence.
- The study of protein expression and function.
- The study of metabolites found within cells, tissues, and biologic samples.
- The study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. - correct answer
Nutrigenetics
The study of the different phenotypic responses to a specific diet depending on the genotype of
individuals.
Nutrigenomics
Interaction between dietary components and the genome and the resulting changes in proteins
and other metabolites that affect gene expression.
Exposome
collection of environmental factors, including diet, that can impact an individual's health
Nutritional epigenetics
The influence of diet on changes in gene expression without changing the DNA sequence.
Proteomics
The study of protein expression and function.
Metabolomics
The study of metabolites found within cells, tissues, and biologic samples.
Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication used to reduce clotting by interfering with the
recycling of vitamin K in the body. Which of the following is CORRECT about warfarin and
vitamin K?
- Warfarin binds to and inhibits the VKORC1 protein in the vitamin K recycling pathway.
- Warfarin decreases transcription of the VKORC1 gene to reduce blood clotting.
- Inhibiting the VKORC1 protein leads to an increase in blood clotting.
- Vitamin K is a fat soluble vitamin that prevents blood clotting. - correct answer Warfarin binds
to and inhibits the VKORC1 protein in the vitamin K recycling pathway.
All the following are correct about epigenetics, EXCEPT:
- Epigenetic tags are not passed from one generation to the next (not heritable).
- Epigenetic tags do not alter the DNA sequence.
- Epigenetic tags tell genes when to "turn on" and "turn off" i.e. when to be transcribed.
- Unlike the genome which remains unchanged throughout life, the epigenome is dynamic and
can change.
- DNA methylation and histone modification are two epigenetic modifcations. - correct answer
Epigenetic tags are not passed from one generation to the next (not heritable).
Nutrigenetics involves changes in SNPs. Which of the following are CORRECT about SNPs.
Choose ALL that are correct.
- To be a SNP, a single nucleotide change needs to be present in at least 1% of the population
- SNPs can alter how one responds to diseases or medications
- SNPs are not transmitted to offspring
- All SNPs result in changes in phenotype
- SNPs are always due to deletions of single nucleotides
- SNPs are single nucleotide polymorphisms
,- SNPs are variations in a single base pair of DNA - correct answer To be a SNP, a single
nucleotide change needs to be present in at least 1% of the population
SNPs can alter how one responds to diseases or medications
SNPs are single nucleotide polymorphisms
SNPs are variations in a single base pair of DNA
Which of the following is most correct about "Precision Nutrition"?
- Involves using genetic information to develop diets for the population.
- Refers to the use of direct-to-consumer genetic blood tests for people to personalize their
own diets at home.
- Aspires to prevent chronic disease and improve health by individualizing diet
recommendations based on biological, genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors.
- We have enough consistent evidence to use genetic testing and microbiome data to make
specific dietary recommendations to individual patients. - correct answer Aspires to prevent
chronic disease and improve health by individualizing diet recommendations based on
biological, genetic, lifestyle and environmental factors.
Match the following terms and definitions:
Nutritional epigenetics
Genetics
Nutrigenetics
Exposome
Nutrigenomics
Metabolomics
Proteomics
, - The study of the different phenotypic responses to a specific diet depending on the genotype
of individuals.
- Interaction between dietary components and the genome and the resulting changes in
proteins and other metabolites that affect gene expression.
- collection of environmental factors, including diet, that can impact an individual's health
- The influence of diet on changes in gene expression without changing the DNA sequence.
- The study of protein expression and function.
- The study of metabolites found within cells, tissues, and biologic samples.
- The study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. - correct answer
Nutrigenetics
The study of the different phenotypic responses to a specific diet depending on the genotype of
individuals.
Nutrigenomics
Interaction between dietary components and the genome and the resulting changes in proteins
and other metabolites that affect gene expression.
Exposome
collection of environmental factors, including diet, that can impact an individual's health
Nutritional epigenetics
The influence of diet on changes in gene expression without changing the DNA sequence.
Proteomics
The study of protein expression and function.
Metabolomics
The study of metabolites found within cells, tissues, and biologic samples.
