1
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Q: Be able to explain and identify examples of metaphysical
sexual pessimism
Ans: • Freud, St. Augstine, kant believe acting on sexual impulse is
unbefitting of dignity for human being. Sexual drive not incompatible
with logn term aspirations and goals. Too powerful and demanding.
Sexuality is a threat to other relationships. Object of
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appetite/degradation. Deception through concealment of actual
looks, personality or beliefs. Loss of control during -ex: objectifying
someone. Make instrument of oneself when giving into desire(animal).
Depend on another person for satisfaction (returned desires) easily
manipulated or exploited. -only morally permissible if in monogamous
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heterosexual marriage. (Object of appetite/degradation. Deception
through concealment of actual looks, personality or beliefs. Loss of
control during sex. -only morally permissible if in monogamous
heterosexual marriage for biological reasons. (Catholics=only
procreation).
Q: Be able to explain and identify examples of metaphysical
sexual optimism.
Ans: • Ellis, Russell, Freud normal dimension of person with animal like
creatures (like eating). Evolution wise, must be helpful to our survival.
Good since it brings us high/exhilarating happiness. -ex: not
objectifying, natural bonding. Pleasing the self and another=deepen
relationships, more satisfying and substantial. Sexual pleasure should be
promoted and cherished, intrinsic value. Part of good and virtuous life.
Q: Be able to explain what Soble means nonmorally good sex
and nonmorally bad sex.
, 2
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Ans: • nonmorally good: sexual pleasure to all involved,
physically/emotionally satisfying. Good if provides what it is expected
of us to provide: mostly pleasure. Married partner committing adultery
finds it exciting. Finds pleasure so is nonmorally good, though morally
suspicious/bad.
• nonmorally bad: unexciting, tedious, unpleasant, unenjoyable. Virgins
for the first time not being good at sex, poor outcome.
Q: Be able to explain and recognize examples of what Soble calls
dangerous sex.
Ans: • Physically or psychologically harmful, risky or dangerous. - Ex:
anal sex= damage tissues or transmit pathogens (hetero vaginal too).
unwanted pregnancy, feeling of regret, anger or guilt. Damage the
body (sadomachosim). Politicians and trysts.
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Q: Be able to distinguish between the natural law view of sex
(Aquinas) from the psychological view (Nagel). For each of these
views, you should be able to give concrete examples of sexual
Guru01 - Stuvia
acts that would be considered perverse and explain why these
acts are perverse according to these accounts.
Ans: • Aquinas: Aquinas concludes that what is natural in human
sexuality is the impulse to engage in heterosexual sex. Heterosexual sex
is the mechanism designed by the Christian God to insure the
preservation of animal species, including humans, and hence
engaging in this activity is the primary natural expression of human
sexual nature. Sexual intercourse with lower animals (bestiality), sexual
activity with members of one's own sex (homosexuality), and
masturbation, for Aquinas, are unnatural sexual acts and are immoral
exactly for that reason.
• Nagel: argues that to discover what is distinctive about the natural
human sexuality, and hence derivatively what is unnatural or
perverted, we should focus, instead, on what humans and lower
animals do not have in common. Thus Nagel argues that sexual
perversion in humans should be understood as a psychological
phenomenon rather than, as in Aquinas's treatment, in anatomical and
physiological terms. Perverted sexual encounters or events would be
those in which this mutual recognition of arousal is absent, and in which
a person remains fully a subject of the sexual experience or fully an
object.
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
phm Questions and Answers (100%
Correct Answers) Already Graded A+
Q: Be able to explain and identify examples of metaphysical
sexual pessimism
Ans: • Freud, St. Augstine, kant believe acting on sexual impulse is
unbefitting of dignity for human being. Sexual drive not incompatible
with logn term aspirations and goals. Too powerful and demanding.
Sexuality is a threat to other relationships. Object of
© 2025 Assignment Expert
appetite/degradation. Deception through concealment of actual
looks, personality or beliefs. Loss of control during -ex: objectifying
someone. Make instrument of oneself when giving into desire(animal).
Depend on another person for satisfaction (returned desires) easily
manipulated or exploited. -only morally permissible if in monogamous
Guru01 - Stuvia
heterosexual marriage. (Object of appetite/degradation. Deception
through concealment of actual looks, personality or beliefs. Loss of
control during sex. -only morally permissible if in monogamous
heterosexual marriage for biological reasons. (Catholics=only
procreation).
Q: Be able to explain and identify examples of metaphysical
sexual optimism.
Ans: • Ellis, Russell, Freud normal dimension of person with animal like
creatures (like eating). Evolution wise, must be helpful to our survival.
Good since it brings us high/exhilarating happiness. -ex: not
objectifying, natural bonding. Pleasing the self and another=deepen
relationships, more satisfying and substantial. Sexual pleasure should be
promoted and cherished, intrinsic value. Part of good and virtuous life.
Q: Be able to explain what Soble means nonmorally good sex
and nonmorally bad sex.
, 2
For Expert help and assignment solutions, +254707240657
Ans: • nonmorally good: sexual pleasure to all involved,
physically/emotionally satisfying. Good if provides what it is expected
of us to provide: mostly pleasure. Married partner committing adultery
finds it exciting. Finds pleasure so is nonmorally good, though morally
suspicious/bad.
• nonmorally bad: unexciting, tedious, unpleasant, unenjoyable. Virgins
for the first time not being good at sex, poor outcome.
Q: Be able to explain and recognize examples of what Soble calls
dangerous sex.
Ans: • Physically or psychologically harmful, risky or dangerous. - Ex:
anal sex= damage tissues or transmit pathogens (hetero vaginal too).
unwanted pregnancy, feeling of regret, anger or guilt. Damage the
body (sadomachosim). Politicians and trysts.
© 2025 Assignment Expert
Q: Be able to distinguish between the natural law view of sex
(Aquinas) from the psychological view (Nagel). For each of these
views, you should be able to give concrete examples of sexual
Guru01 - Stuvia
acts that would be considered perverse and explain why these
acts are perverse according to these accounts.
Ans: • Aquinas: Aquinas concludes that what is natural in human
sexuality is the impulse to engage in heterosexual sex. Heterosexual sex
is the mechanism designed by the Christian God to insure the
preservation of animal species, including humans, and hence
engaging in this activity is the primary natural expression of human
sexual nature. Sexual intercourse with lower animals (bestiality), sexual
activity with members of one's own sex (homosexuality), and
masturbation, for Aquinas, are unnatural sexual acts and are immoral
exactly for that reason.
• Nagel: argues that to discover what is distinctive about the natural
human sexuality, and hence derivatively what is unnatural or
perverted, we should focus, instead, on what humans and lower
animals do not have in common. Thus Nagel argues that sexual
perversion in humans should be understood as a psychological
phenomenon rather than, as in Aquinas's treatment, in anatomical and
physiological terms. Perverted sexual encounters or events would be
those in which this mutual recognition of arousal is absent, and in which
a person remains fully a subject of the sexual experience or fully an
object.
