NU664B - EXAM 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
murmur grading: grade 1 - CORRECT ANSWER very faint
murmur grading: grade 2 - CORRECT ANSWER faint but can hear it immediately!!!
murmur grading: grade 3 - CORRECT ANSWER moderately loud, no thrill
physical exam findings hyperlipidemia - CORRECT ANSWER - xanthelasma palpabrum
(yellow patches on eyelids)
-xanthoma ((thickening of the tendon)
Inhaled Corticosteroids - CORRECT ANSWER - ide or -sone
Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonist (LAMA) - CORRECT ANSWER -ium
short acting beta agonists - CORRECT ANSWER albuterol, levalbuterol (leva = decreased
palpitations, better rate control
long acting beta 2 agonists - CORRECT ANSWER - ol (salmeterol, fomoterol)
murmur grading: grade 4 - CORRECT ANSWER loud, with a thrill
murmur grading: grade 5 - CORRECT ANSWER loud, can hear with stethescope partially
off chest -- has thrill
,heart sounds: All people enjoy time magazine - CORRECT ANSWER Aortic - R sternal
border, 2nd intercostal space
Pulmonic - L sternal border, 2nd intercostal space
Erb's Point - L sternal border, 3rd intercostal space
Tricuspid - L sternal border, 4th intercostal space
Mitral - L sternal border, 5th intercostal space
S3 heart sound - CORRECT ANSWER Increased ventricular filling pressure (e.g., mitral
regurgitation, HF)
*during systole
common in pregnancy, children, and trained athletes
S4 heart sound - CORRECT ANSWER coincides with atrial contraction in late diastole
and "a" wave in jugular venous pressure curve; due to increased resistance to ventricular filling
following vigorous atrial contraction
**think aortic gallop*
this is always abnormal
Which murmurs are associated with SYSTOLE? - CORRECT ANSWER TPAM = RSSR
tricuspid regurgitation
,pulmonic stenosis
aortic stenosis
mitral regurgitation
Mnemonic for remembering where the valves are? - CORRECT ANSWER TINY
PEOPLE ARE MIGHTY
tricuspid, pulmonic, aortic, mitral
Which murmurs are associated with DIASTOLE - CORRECT ANSWER TPAM = SRRS
tricuspid stenosis
pulmonic regurgitation
aortic regurgitation
mitral stenosis
what type of problem is regurgitation? - CORRECT ANSWER closing
- valves do not close fully, so we have blood leaking back through!
what time of problem is stenosis? - CORRECT ANSWER opening
- valves cannot open all the way, not as much blood can pass
what sound does regurgitation usually make? - CORRECT ANSWER High pitched and
blowing
what sound does stenosis usually make? - CORRECT ANSWER Harsh, low rumbling
, mitral regurgitation - CORRECT ANSWER blood goes back to L atrium during
SYSTOLE!
- heard best at 5th intercostal space, L sternal border (aka the apex)
- high pitched and LOUD BLOWING
aortic stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER restricts forward flow of blood during SYSTOLE
- best heard at 2nd intercostal space R sternal edge
*harsh and noisy sounding*
*crescendo - decresendo noise*
where does aortic stenosis radiate? - CORRECT ANSWER The neck/carotids
Where does mitral regurgitation radiate to? - CORRECT ANSWER left axilla
Which murmurs are most commonly benign...sytolic/diastolic? - CORRECT
ANSWER systolic
mitral stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER calcified mitral valve impedes forward flow of
blood into left ventricle during DIASTOLE
- best heard at mitral space: 5th intercostal L sternal border (aka apex)
no radiation
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
murmur grading: grade 1 - CORRECT ANSWER very faint
murmur grading: grade 2 - CORRECT ANSWER faint but can hear it immediately!!!
murmur grading: grade 3 - CORRECT ANSWER moderately loud, no thrill
physical exam findings hyperlipidemia - CORRECT ANSWER - xanthelasma palpabrum
(yellow patches on eyelids)
-xanthoma ((thickening of the tendon)
Inhaled Corticosteroids - CORRECT ANSWER - ide or -sone
Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonist (LAMA) - CORRECT ANSWER -ium
short acting beta agonists - CORRECT ANSWER albuterol, levalbuterol (leva = decreased
palpitations, better rate control
long acting beta 2 agonists - CORRECT ANSWER - ol (salmeterol, fomoterol)
murmur grading: grade 4 - CORRECT ANSWER loud, with a thrill
murmur grading: grade 5 - CORRECT ANSWER loud, can hear with stethescope partially
off chest -- has thrill
,heart sounds: All people enjoy time magazine - CORRECT ANSWER Aortic - R sternal
border, 2nd intercostal space
Pulmonic - L sternal border, 2nd intercostal space
Erb's Point - L sternal border, 3rd intercostal space
Tricuspid - L sternal border, 4th intercostal space
Mitral - L sternal border, 5th intercostal space
S3 heart sound - CORRECT ANSWER Increased ventricular filling pressure (e.g., mitral
regurgitation, HF)
*during systole
common in pregnancy, children, and trained athletes
S4 heart sound - CORRECT ANSWER coincides with atrial contraction in late diastole
and "a" wave in jugular venous pressure curve; due to increased resistance to ventricular filling
following vigorous atrial contraction
**think aortic gallop*
this is always abnormal
Which murmurs are associated with SYSTOLE? - CORRECT ANSWER TPAM = RSSR
tricuspid regurgitation
,pulmonic stenosis
aortic stenosis
mitral regurgitation
Mnemonic for remembering where the valves are? - CORRECT ANSWER TINY
PEOPLE ARE MIGHTY
tricuspid, pulmonic, aortic, mitral
Which murmurs are associated with DIASTOLE - CORRECT ANSWER TPAM = SRRS
tricuspid stenosis
pulmonic regurgitation
aortic regurgitation
mitral stenosis
what type of problem is regurgitation? - CORRECT ANSWER closing
- valves do not close fully, so we have blood leaking back through!
what time of problem is stenosis? - CORRECT ANSWER opening
- valves cannot open all the way, not as much blood can pass
what sound does regurgitation usually make? - CORRECT ANSWER High pitched and
blowing
what sound does stenosis usually make? - CORRECT ANSWER Harsh, low rumbling
, mitral regurgitation - CORRECT ANSWER blood goes back to L atrium during
SYSTOLE!
- heard best at 5th intercostal space, L sternal border (aka the apex)
- high pitched and LOUD BLOWING
aortic stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER restricts forward flow of blood during SYSTOLE
- best heard at 2nd intercostal space R sternal edge
*harsh and noisy sounding*
*crescendo - decresendo noise*
where does aortic stenosis radiate? - CORRECT ANSWER The neck/carotids
Where does mitral regurgitation radiate to? - CORRECT ANSWER left axilla
Which murmurs are most commonly benign...sytolic/diastolic? - CORRECT
ANSWER systolic
mitral stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER calcified mitral valve impedes forward flow of
blood into left ventricle during DIASTOLE
- best heard at mitral space: 5th intercostal L sternal border (aka apex)
no radiation
