Karch Focus on Nursing
Pharmacology Chapter 2 Test
Questions and Correct Answers.
Absorption - Answer what happens to a drug from the time it enters the body until it enters
the circulating fluid; intravenous administration causes the drug to directly enter the circulating
blood, bypassing the many complications of absorption from other routes
Active Transport - Answer the movement of substances across a cell membrane against the
concentration gradient; this process requires the use of energy biotransformation
Chemotherapeutic Agents - Answer synthetic chemicals used to interfere with the functioning
of foreign cell populations; this term is frequently used to refer to the drug therapy of
neoplasms, but it also refers to drug therapy affecting any foreign cell
Critical Concentration - Answer the concentration a drug must reach in the tissues that
respond to the particular drug to cause the desired effect
Distribution - Answer the movement of a drug to body tissues; the places where a rug may be
distributed depend on the drugs solubility, perfusion of the area, cardiac output, and binding of
the site to plasma proteins
Enzyme Induction - Answer process by which the presence of a chemical that is
biotransformed by a particular enzyme system in the liver causes increased activity of that
enzyme system
Excretion - Answer removal of a drug by the body; primarily occurs in the kidneys, but can also
occur in the kidneys, skin, lungs, bile or feces
First Pass Effect - Answer a phenomenon of which drugs given orally are carried directly to the
liver after absorption, where they may be largely inactivated by liver enzymes before they can
enter the general circulation; oral drugs frequently are given in higher doses than drugs given in
other routes because of this early breakdown
Glomerular Filtration - Answer the passage of water and water soluble components from the
Pharmacology Chapter 2 Test
Questions and Correct Answers.
Absorption - Answer what happens to a drug from the time it enters the body until it enters
the circulating fluid; intravenous administration causes the drug to directly enter the circulating
blood, bypassing the many complications of absorption from other routes
Active Transport - Answer the movement of substances across a cell membrane against the
concentration gradient; this process requires the use of energy biotransformation
Chemotherapeutic Agents - Answer synthetic chemicals used to interfere with the functioning
of foreign cell populations; this term is frequently used to refer to the drug therapy of
neoplasms, but it also refers to drug therapy affecting any foreign cell
Critical Concentration - Answer the concentration a drug must reach in the tissues that
respond to the particular drug to cause the desired effect
Distribution - Answer the movement of a drug to body tissues; the places where a rug may be
distributed depend on the drugs solubility, perfusion of the area, cardiac output, and binding of
the site to plasma proteins
Enzyme Induction - Answer process by which the presence of a chemical that is
biotransformed by a particular enzyme system in the liver causes increased activity of that
enzyme system
Excretion - Answer removal of a drug by the body; primarily occurs in the kidneys, but can also
occur in the kidneys, skin, lungs, bile or feces
First Pass Effect - Answer a phenomenon of which drugs given orally are carried directly to the
liver after absorption, where they may be largely inactivated by liver enzymes before they can
enter the general circulation; oral drugs frequently are given in higher doses than drugs given in
other routes because of this early breakdown
Glomerular Filtration - Answer the passage of water and water soluble components from the
