Multidimensional Care IV (MDC4) FINAL EXAM 200
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS<<<NUR
2755 FINAL exam latest 2025/2026 Rasmussen
Universty
What is a sign of malignant hyperthermia that nurses must identify intraoperatively? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Early signs include increased CO₂, muscle rigidity, and increased temperature.
What medication is administered to treat malignant hyperthermia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Dantrolene.
How can nurses maintain the optimal temperature of a client during surgery? - CORRECT ANSWER-
By using warming blankets, warmed IV fluids, and monitoring core temperature.
How should oxygenation be maintained in ARDS management? - CORRECT ANSWER-Use low tidal
volume ventilation, frequent assessments, and PEEP.
What should be monitored in clients on ventilators? - CORRECT ANSWER-Ensure ventilator
synchrony, follow sedation protocols, and monitor for VAP and barotrauma.
What should be monitored if chest tubes are in place? - CORRECT ANSWER-Monitor drainage, air
leaks, and the dressing site.
What focused assessments should be performed in ARDS management? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Monitor breath sounds, ABGs, SpO₂, and work of breathing regularly.
What complications should be recognized and intervened upon in ARDS? - CORRECT ANSWER-Watch
for signs of barotrauma, VAP, oxygen toxicity, and ventilator dyssynchrony.
What trends and changes should be recognized in ARDS patients? - CORRECT ANSWER-Trend ABG
deterioration, escalating oxygen needs, or decreased lung compliance.
What is a hallmark of refractory hypoxemia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Oxygen does not help.
,What are some injury/complication prevention strategies in ARDS management? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Use sterile suction technique, maintain HOB elevation, and apply infection precautions.
What should be assessed for referrals in chest tube management? - CORRECT ANSWER-Consult
provider for placement and collaborate with respiratory therapy as needed.
How should client response to medication be evaluated in chest tube management? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Monitor pain control, evaluate reduced dyspnea, and check re-expansion on imaging.
What indicates treatment effectiveness in chest tube management? - CORRECT ANSWER-Assess lung
re-expansion and drainage output.
How do pneumothorax, hemothorax, or pleural effusion disrupt lung inflation? - CORRECT ANSWER-
They create pressure imbalances that hinder lung expansion.
How should impaired ventilation/oxygenation be managed with chest tubes? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Ensure chest drainage supports lung re-expansion and improves oxygenation.
What should be monitored in ventilated patients with chest drainage? - CORRECT ANSWER-Monitor
interaction with chest drainage and pressures.
What maintenance is required for chest tube devices? - CORRECT ANSWER-Ensure the tube is
patent, suction settings are correct, and there are no kinks or dislodgement.
What drainage volume indicates a need to notify the provider? - CORRECT ANSWER-If drainage is
greater than 150 mL/hour.
What focused assessments should be performed with chest tubes? - CORRECT ANSWER-Auscultate
breath sounds, palpate for subcutaneous emphysema, and assess the tube site.
What complications should be recognized in chest tube management? - CORRECT ANSWER-Tension
pneumothorax, infection, and tube displacement.
What trends and changes should be noted in chest tube management? - CORRECT ANSWER-Changes
in drainage volume or character or increased respiratory distress.
, What are the injury/complication prevention strategies for chest tubes? - CORRECT ANSWER-Use
proper PPE, clamp tubing only if ordered, and reinforce dressing protocol.
What is the pathophysiology of bacterial pneumonia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bacterial pneumonia
causes localized inflammation in the alveoli, leading to exudate and consolidation that blocks gas
exchange.
What is the difference between bacterial and viral pneumonia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bacterial
pneumonia typically causes fluid-filled alveoli, while viral pneumonia causes interstitial
inflammation.
What are the management strategies for impaired ventilation/oxygenation in pneumonia? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Administer O₂, promote coughing, repositioning, and suctioning.
What protocols should be implemented for clients on ventilators with pneumonia? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Implement VAP protocols, humidify O₂, and maintain airway clearance.
What oral care protocol helps reduce VAP risk? - CORRECT ANSWER-Oral care every 2 hours with
Chlorhexidine to reduce oral bacterial colonization.
What is the recommended head elevation for patients to prevent aspiration? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Elevate the head of the bed 30-45°.
What is a daily sedation vacation and why is it important? - CORRECT ANSWER-It involves lightening
or pausing sedation once a day to assess if the patient can breathe independently.
What medications are commonly used for peptic ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill patients? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 blockers, such as pantoprazole and famotidine.
What is the purpose of DVT prophylaxis in immobile patients? - CORRECT ANSWER-To prevent clots
that can lead to pulmonary embolism (PE) and decreased lung perfusion.
What should be monitored in patients with lung abscess or effusion? - CORRECT ANSWER-Monitor
the function of drainage devices and perform focused assessments including temperature, lung
sounds, sputum, breathing effort, and ABGs.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS<<<NUR
2755 FINAL exam latest 2025/2026 Rasmussen
Universty
What is a sign of malignant hyperthermia that nurses must identify intraoperatively? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Early signs include increased CO₂, muscle rigidity, and increased temperature.
What medication is administered to treat malignant hyperthermia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Dantrolene.
How can nurses maintain the optimal temperature of a client during surgery? - CORRECT ANSWER-
By using warming blankets, warmed IV fluids, and monitoring core temperature.
How should oxygenation be maintained in ARDS management? - CORRECT ANSWER-Use low tidal
volume ventilation, frequent assessments, and PEEP.
What should be monitored in clients on ventilators? - CORRECT ANSWER-Ensure ventilator
synchrony, follow sedation protocols, and monitor for VAP and barotrauma.
What should be monitored if chest tubes are in place? - CORRECT ANSWER-Monitor drainage, air
leaks, and the dressing site.
What focused assessments should be performed in ARDS management? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Monitor breath sounds, ABGs, SpO₂, and work of breathing regularly.
What complications should be recognized and intervened upon in ARDS? - CORRECT ANSWER-Watch
for signs of barotrauma, VAP, oxygen toxicity, and ventilator dyssynchrony.
What trends and changes should be recognized in ARDS patients? - CORRECT ANSWER-Trend ABG
deterioration, escalating oxygen needs, or decreased lung compliance.
What is a hallmark of refractory hypoxemia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Oxygen does not help.
,What are some injury/complication prevention strategies in ARDS management? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Use sterile suction technique, maintain HOB elevation, and apply infection precautions.
What should be assessed for referrals in chest tube management? - CORRECT ANSWER-Consult
provider for placement and collaborate with respiratory therapy as needed.
How should client response to medication be evaluated in chest tube management? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Monitor pain control, evaluate reduced dyspnea, and check re-expansion on imaging.
What indicates treatment effectiveness in chest tube management? - CORRECT ANSWER-Assess lung
re-expansion and drainage output.
How do pneumothorax, hemothorax, or pleural effusion disrupt lung inflation? - CORRECT ANSWER-
They create pressure imbalances that hinder lung expansion.
How should impaired ventilation/oxygenation be managed with chest tubes? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Ensure chest drainage supports lung re-expansion and improves oxygenation.
What should be monitored in ventilated patients with chest drainage? - CORRECT ANSWER-Monitor
interaction with chest drainage and pressures.
What maintenance is required for chest tube devices? - CORRECT ANSWER-Ensure the tube is
patent, suction settings are correct, and there are no kinks or dislodgement.
What drainage volume indicates a need to notify the provider? - CORRECT ANSWER-If drainage is
greater than 150 mL/hour.
What focused assessments should be performed with chest tubes? - CORRECT ANSWER-Auscultate
breath sounds, palpate for subcutaneous emphysema, and assess the tube site.
What complications should be recognized in chest tube management? - CORRECT ANSWER-Tension
pneumothorax, infection, and tube displacement.
What trends and changes should be noted in chest tube management? - CORRECT ANSWER-Changes
in drainage volume or character or increased respiratory distress.
, What are the injury/complication prevention strategies for chest tubes? - CORRECT ANSWER-Use
proper PPE, clamp tubing only if ordered, and reinforce dressing protocol.
What is the pathophysiology of bacterial pneumonia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bacterial pneumonia
causes localized inflammation in the alveoli, leading to exudate and consolidation that blocks gas
exchange.
What is the difference between bacterial and viral pneumonia? - CORRECT ANSWER-Bacterial
pneumonia typically causes fluid-filled alveoli, while viral pneumonia causes interstitial
inflammation.
What are the management strategies for impaired ventilation/oxygenation in pneumonia? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Administer O₂, promote coughing, repositioning, and suctioning.
What protocols should be implemented for clients on ventilators with pneumonia? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Implement VAP protocols, humidify O₂, and maintain airway clearance.
What oral care protocol helps reduce VAP risk? - CORRECT ANSWER-Oral care every 2 hours with
Chlorhexidine to reduce oral bacterial colonization.
What is the recommended head elevation for patients to prevent aspiration? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Elevate the head of the bed 30-45°.
What is a daily sedation vacation and why is it important? - CORRECT ANSWER-It involves lightening
or pausing sedation once a day to assess if the patient can breathe independently.
What medications are commonly used for peptic ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill patients? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 blockers, such as pantoprazole and famotidine.
What is the purpose of DVT prophylaxis in immobile patients? - CORRECT ANSWER-To prevent clots
that can lead to pulmonary embolism (PE) and decreased lung perfusion.
What should be monitored in patients with lung abscess or effusion? - CORRECT ANSWER-Monitor
the function of drainage devices and perform focused assessments including temperature, lung
sounds, sputum, breathing effort, and ABGs.
