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1.What is the definition of perception? (4) - ANSWER A process by which individuals organize and
interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment
2. Which are the factors influencing perception? (4) - ANSWER Situation - time, org climate, social
climate
Perciever - Attitude, motives, interest
Target - Novelty, movement, sound, size
3.What is person perception? (4) - ANSWER It is an attribution theory that suggests that perceivers try to
"attribute" the observed behaviour to type of cause:
Internal - behaviour is believed to be under the personal control of the individual
External - the person is forced into the behaviour by outside events/causes
4.Three main components of attitudes (2) - ANSWER Cognition, Affect and behavior
5.What is cognition? (2) - ANSWER A belief or an opinion
6. What is affect (2) - ANSWER The feeling associated with that belief (cognition)
7. What is behavior? (components of attitudes) (2) - ANSWER An intention to act in a certain way
8. What is cognitive dissonance? (2) - ANSWER Any inconsistency between two or more attitudes, or
between behaviour and attitudes
9.Define values? (3) - ANSWER Represents basic, enduring convictions that "a specific mode of conduct
or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct
or end-state of existence
,It varies between cultures
10. What do value systems do? (3) - ANSWER Represent a prioritising of individual values by the content
and intensity
The hierarchy tends to be relatively stable
Values are the foundations for attitudes, motivation and behaviour
11.How do we classify values according to Rokeach value system? (3) - ANSWER Terminal values - refers
to desirable end-states of existence (goals)
Instrumental values -means of achieving the terminal values
12. The desire to reduce dissonance is determined by? (2) - ANSWER importance, degree of influence
and rewards
13. Which are the main job attitudes? (2) - ANSWER Job satisfaction, job involvment, psychological
empowerment, organisational commitment, perceived organisational support (POS) and employee
engagement
14. What is the single globe rating method? (2) - ANSWER It is a way to measure job satisfaction, where
you ask a few general question and it is remarkable accurate
15. What is the summation score method? (2) - ANSWER It is a way to measure job satisfaction, where
you identify key elements in the job and ask for a specific feeling about them
16. What causes job satisfaction? (2) - ANSWER The work itself which also is the strongest correlation
with overall satisfaction
Pay but is only correlated until an individual reaches a level of comfortable living
17. Which are the three components that are strongly related to job satisfaction? (2) - ANSWER
Advancement
Supervision
coworkers
,18. Which are the consequences of dissatisfaction? (2) - ANSWER Exit, behavior towards leaving
Voice, actively trying to improve the conditions
Neglect, allows conditions to worsen
Loyalty, passively but not optimistically waiting for improvement
19. Which are the benefits of job satisfaction? (2) - ANSWER Better job and org. performance
Better org. citizenship behaviors
Greater levels of customer satisfaction
Generally low absenteeism and turnover
Decreased instances of workplace deviance
20. How can you define personality? (3) - ANSWER The total sum of ways in which an individual reacts to
and interacts with others
21. What determines the personality? (3) - ANSWER Heredity is the most dominant factor
Environment do have som influence
The basic personality is constant
22. What is Myers-Briggs type indicator? (3) - ANSWER It measures the personality traits by classifying
them after:
Extroverted/Introverted
Sensing/Intuitive
Thinking/Feeling
Judging/Percieving
This is the most widely used personality-assesment instrument in the world
It is unrelated to job performance
23. What is the Big-Five model? (3) - ANSWER It measures the personality traits and has a strong
relationship to job performance
, Openness to experience
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
N Emotional stability
24. Describe the five traits within the Big-Five model (3) - ANSWER Openness to experience - Curious,
friendly sensitivity
Conscientiousness - Responsible, reliable, persistent
Extraversion - sociable, assertive
Agreeableness - Nature friendly, cooperative and reliable
N Emotional stability - Quiet with confidence in themselves
25. Name some other personality traits that is relevant to OB? (3) - ANSWER Core Self-evaluation
Machiavellianism
Narcissism
Self-monitoring
Risk taking
Type A personality
Proactive personality
26.What is Holland's hexagon? (3) - ANSWER It is a model that determines which job task that suits you
best by relating it to you personality
Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional
27. What does the "person-organization fit" state? (3) - ANSWER That it is more important that
employees personalities fit with the organizational culture than the characteristics of any specific job
The fit predicts the job satisfaction, organisational commitment and turnover
28. What do Hofstede's model tell us? (3) - ANSWER It is a framework for assessing cultures