2025/2026 COMPLETE REAL QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS ||LATEST VERSION!!!GRADED A+
What are the side effects of Florinef? - Answer -Nausea, headache,
sleep problems, and mood changes.
What is the off label use for prazosin/minipress (alpha- 1 blocker)? -
Answer -Sleep aid for patients diagnosed with PTSD
Which medications are used to treat myasthenia gravis? - Answer -
Corticosteroids and cholinesterase inhibitors.
Side effects of cholinesterase inhibitors (neostigmine): - Answer -
Excessive salvation, urinary urgency, sweating, spasm, bradycardia
What is the first line of treatment for uncomplicated hypertension? -
Answer -Hydrochlorothiazide(thiazide diuretic) orally with lifestyle
changes.
What might cause ataxia in a pediatric patient? - Answer –
- Fragile X syndrome
- Prader Willie Syndrome by deletion of chromosome 15 from father
Combined ___________ are contraindicated when breast feeding. -
Answer -Oral contraceptives
Which antibiotic would you use for treatment of UTI during
pregnancy? - Answer -One-time dose of Fosfomycin and cephalexin.
NO PENCILLINS
What organ does cystic fibrosis affect? - Answer -Affects the pancreas
causing secretions into the lungs
What is Klinefelter syndrome? - Answer -An extra X chromosome for
males so example XXY causing female-like qualities
What is Turner Syndrome? - Answer -females. missing or deformed x
chromosome. right hemisphere dysfunction, hearing loss, ear
,infection, language and articulation disorders, visual spatial and
attentional problems
What is beta thalassemia? - Answer -a condition in which the
synthesis of the beta-globin chains is decreased or absent. Causes low
hemoglobin.
Which medication is contraindicated in a patient with Beta
Thalassemia? - Answer -Ferrous Sulfate
What drug is used in combination with other agent to treat lymphoid
tissue (leukemia). Directly toxic to lymphoid tissues Selective
estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) - for hormone receptor positive
and advanced breast cancer. (Tomaxafin - reduces risk and recurrence
risk) - Answer -Glucocorticoids
What is the normal ejection fraction? - Answer -55-60%. Less than
50% is BAD
Is an ejection fraction of 50% reduced or preserved? - Answer -
Preserved
What are symptoms of left sided heart failure? - Answer -Think
PULMONARY. JVD, FVO, rails, S3 murmurs. Number one cause of
right sided heart failure!
What are symptoms of right sided heart failure? - Answer -Think
peripheral vascular. Lower extremity edema, abdominal distension.
What is the gold standard lab test for heart failure? - Answer -BNP.
Heart failure is a result greater than 100
What heart disease is worse with exertion? - Answer -Ischemic heart
disease because the demand requirements are higher.
What should you assess before giving Digoxin? - Answer -Apical
pulse
How should Warfarin be started? - Answer -Start initial dose at half to
monitor the effects
,What causes the destruction of alveolar walls? Air goes in but can't
get out which leads to hyperinflation - Answer -Emphysema
What causes excess mucus production and smooth muscle
hypertrophy? - Answer -Bronchitis
What is a chronic inflammatory obstruction of bronchi? - Answer -
Asthma, Triggers cause mucus to clog bronchial tubes.
What causes an overbite and buffalo hump? - Answer -Endocrine
disorder called acromegaly (overproduction of growth hormone)
What causes Addison's disease? - Answer -Decreased glucocorticoid
(due to autoimmune destruction of adrenal cortex)
What causes Cushing's syndrome? - Answer -excess cortisol
What causes Grave's disease? - Answer -overproduction of thyroid
hormone. HYPERthyroidism.
When should you instruct the patient to take their FIRST dose of
antihypertensive? - Answer -At night to avoid orthostatic hypotension.
Educate slow position changes and lay down if needed.
What are side effects of ACE inhibitors? - Answer –
dry cough
angioedema
hyperkalemia
*Contraindicated in pregnancy
Which type of antihypertensive should NOT be given to patients with
Asthma? - Answer -Nonselective beta blocker (-lol) because both
beta-2 receptors are effected
What is the first choice of calcium channel blocker? - Answer -
Verapamil
What side effect should you watch for in a patient taking a statin
drug? - Answer -Muscle pain which can lead to rhabdomyolysis,
kidney failure, and death.
, Which diuretic is NOT used in patients with kidney failure and sickle
cell disease? - Answer -Thiazide diuretics
What type of drug is spironolactone? - Answer -potassium sparing
diuretic
Which type of insulin is the most painful during injection? - Answer -
Lantus (long-acting)
Why test glycosylated hemoglobin (HgbA1c)? - Answer -Most
reliable assessment of blood sugar over the past 3 months. The goal is
< 6.5%. A poor result is > 9%
What is the normal range for TSH level? - Answer -The normal range
of TSH levels is 0.4 to 4.0 milli-international units per liter. If you're
already being treated for a thyroid disorder, the normal range is 0.5 to
3.0 milli-international units per liter. A value ABOVE the normal
range usually indicates hypothyroidism.
What lab test would we recommend for thyroid? - Answer -Thyroid
peroxidase antibodies (TPO)
symptoms of hypothyroidism - Answer -Bradycardia; cold
intolerance; lethargy; memory loss; dry skin; brittle dry hair;
decreased appetite; weight gain; constipation; increased serum lipids;
decreased libido; erectile dysfunction
What if a newborn has hypothyroidism? - Answer -Requires
replacement within a few days and last for 3 years to prevent mental
development changes and dwarfism.
What is Hashimoto's disease? - Answer -An autoimmune cause of
hypothyroid. Symptoms include weight gain and fatigue.
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) - Answer -
Tachyarrhythmias, anxiety, insomnia, rapid flow/speech, hot
GRAVES DISEASE
how to treat grave's disease? - Answer -Remove or destroy thyroid
tissue or suppress with drug (methimazole or propylthiouracil)