2021 HESI Pharmacology Version 1 (100
VV VV VV VV VV
Questions and Answers with
VV VV VV VV
Rationale)UPDATED!!!
VV
THIS EXAM CONTAINS
VV VV
..100%SURE PASS
VV
..MULTIPLE CHOICE (SINGLE ANSWER
VV VV VV
..MULTIPLE RESPONSE
VV
,2020 HESI Pharmacology Version 1 – Questions 1
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV V V
through 100 VV
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
administer as prescribed to the client?
VV VV VV VV VV VV
1. Calcium chloride VV
2. Calcium gluconate VV
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) VV
4. Large doses of vitamin D
VV VV VV VV 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
VV VV
VV Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
lowering the serum calcium concentration.
VV VV VV VV VV
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
which best food item?
VV VV VV VV
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice VV
4. Orange juice VV 4. Orange juice
VV VV
VV Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption.
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
VV VV VV VV VV VV V
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations VV 1. Tinnitus VV
VV Rationale:
Downloaded by: danyaguilarr | VV VV VV
VV
Distribution of this document is illegal VV VV VV VV VV
,Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
(salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
salicylism.
VV
4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
sunscreens are most effective when applied:
VV VV VV VV VV VV
1. Immediately before swimming VV VV
2. 15 minutes before exposure to thesun
VV VV VV VV VV V
3. Immediately before exposure to thesun VV VV VV VV V
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun 4. At least 30
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
minutesbefore exposure to the sun
VV V VV VV VV VV
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
to the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
after swimming or sweating.
VV VV VV VV
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury.
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
1. Notifying the registered nurse VV VV VV
2. Discontinuing the medication VV VV
3. Informing the client that this is normal VV VV VV VV VV VV
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site 3. Informing the client
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
VV that this is normal
VV VV VV
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
should be informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and burning
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred?
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
1. Hyperventilation
2. Elevated blood pressure VV VV
3. Local pain at the burnsite
VV VV VV VV V
4. Local rash at theburn site
VV VV VV V VV 1.Hyperventilation
Downloaded by: danyaguilarr | VV VV VV
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Distribution of this document is illegal VV VV VV VV VV
, Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
excretion of acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
should be monitored for signs of an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
this occurs, the medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
and 4 describe local rather than systemic effects. An elevated blood pressure
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
may be expected from the pain that occurs with a burn injury.
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the administration
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
of this medication, the nurse anticipates that which laboratory test will be
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
prescribed?
VV
1. Platelet count VV
2. Triglyceride level VV
3. Complete blood count VV VV
4. White blood cell count 2. Triglyceridelevel
VV VV VV VV VV V
VV Rationale:
Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
measured before treatment and periodically thereafter until the effect on the
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
triglycerides has been evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
specifically during this treatment.
VV VV VV VV
8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care provider (HCP)
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's medication record and
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
would contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medication?
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
1. Vitamin A VV
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) VV
3. Furosemide (Lasix) VV
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin) VV 1. Vitamin A
VV VV
VV Rationale:
Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized intensification
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
supplements should be discontinued before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
are not contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
nurse would monitor for the potential for increased systemic absorption of the
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
medication if the medication were being applied to which of the following body
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
areas?
VV
1. Back
2. Axilla
Downloaded by: danyaguilarr | VV VV VV
VV
Distribution of this document is illegal VV VV VV VV VV
VV VV VV VV VV
Questions and Answers with
VV VV VV VV
Rationale)UPDATED!!!
VV
THIS EXAM CONTAINS
VV VV
..100%SURE PASS
VV
..MULTIPLE CHOICE (SINGLE ANSWER
VV VV VV
..MULTIPLE RESPONSE
VV
,2020 HESI Pharmacology Version 1 – Questions 1
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV V V
through 100 VV
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
administer as prescribed to the client?
VV VV VV VV VV VV
1. Calcium chloride VV
2. Calcium gluconate VV
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) VV
4. Large doses of vitamin D
VV VV VV VV 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
VV VV
VV Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
lowering the serum calcium concentration.
VV VV VV VV VV
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
which best food item?
VV VV VV VV
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice VV
4. Orange juice VV 4. Orange juice
VV VV
VV Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption.
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
VV VV VV VV VV VV V
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations VV 1. Tinnitus VV
VV Rationale:
Downloaded by: danyaguilarr | VV VV VV
VV
Distribution of this document is illegal VV VV VV VV VV
,Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
(salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
salicylism.
VV
4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
sunscreens are most effective when applied:
VV VV VV VV VV VV
1. Immediately before swimming VV VV
2. 15 minutes before exposure to thesun
VV VV VV VV VV V
3. Immediately before exposure to thesun VV VV VV VV V
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun 4. At least 30
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
minutesbefore exposure to the sun
VV V VV VV VV VV
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
to the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
after swimming or sweating.
VV VV VV VV
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury.
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
1. Notifying the registered nurse VV VV VV
2. Discontinuing the medication VV VV
3. Informing the client that this is normal VV VV VV VV VV VV
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site 3. Informing the client
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
VV that this is normal
VV VV VV
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
should be informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and burning
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred?
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
1. Hyperventilation
2. Elevated blood pressure VV VV
3. Local pain at the burnsite
VV VV VV VV V
4. Local rash at theburn site
VV VV VV V VV 1.Hyperventilation
Downloaded by: danyaguilarr | VV VV VV
VV
Distribution of this document is illegal VV VV VV VV VV
, Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
excretion of acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
should be monitored for signs of an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
this occurs, the medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
and 4 describe local rather than systemic effects. An elevated blood pressure
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
may be expected from the pain that occurs with a burn injury.
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the administration
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
of this medication, the nurse anticipates that which laboratory test will be
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
prescribed?
VV
1. Platelet count VV
2. Triglyceride level VV
3. Complete blood count VV VV
4. White blood cell count 2. Triglyceridelevel
VV VV VV VV VV V
VV Rationale:
Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
measured before treatment and periodically thereafter until the effect on the
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
triglycerides has been evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitored
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
specifically during this treatment.
VV VV VV VV
8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care provider (HCP)
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's medication record and
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
would contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medication?
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
1. Vitamin A VV
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) VV
3. Furosemide (Lasix) VV
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin) VV 1. Vitamin A
VV VV
VV Rationale:
Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized intensification
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
supplements should be discontinued before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
are not contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin.
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
nurse would monitor for the potential for increased systemic absorption of the
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
medication if the medication were being applied to which of the following body
VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV VV
areas?
VV
1. Back
2. Axilla
Downloaded by: danyaguilarr | VV VV VV
VV
Distribution of this document is illegal VV VV VV VV VV
