PHYSIO BOARD VITALS ASSESSMENT EXAM WITH IN-DEPTH
QUESTIONS & MODEL ANSWERS (2025 NEWEST UPDATE)
Describe the process of vomiting CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Starts when gastric contents
are pushed into the esophagus
Occurs when pressure in the esophagus becomes high enough to open the upper esophageal
sphincter
Medullary center is stimulated by CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Tickling back of the throat
Gastric distention
Motion sickness
Chemoreceptor trigger zone in the 4th ventricle is activated by CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>emetics, radiation, vestibular stimulation
Describe process of saliva formation CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Formed by the parotid
gland
Acini of the gland produce an initial saliva that is isotonic to plasma
After passing through the acini, the initial saliva is modified by ducts that reabsorb Na+ and Cl-
and secrete K+ and HCO3-
This creates saliva that is low in Na+ and Cl- and high in K+ and HCO3- in relation to plasma
, The final saliva is hypotonic in relation to plasma
When saliva is needed, myoepithelial cells that surround the ducts contract and eject saliva into
the mouth from the parotid, submandibular or sublingual glands
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Maximum amount of air that can
be forcefully exhaled after a full inspiration
Equal to IRV+ERV+TV
What happens during inspiration? CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Inspiration muscles
contract: Diaphragm and External intercostal
Thoracic cavity expands in volume
Intrapleural pressure drops from -5 to -8cmH2O
Transmural pressure drops
Air flows from atm to alveolar
What happens during expiration ? CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Expiratory muscles contract
Thoracic volume decreases
Pressure in the alveolar increases more than atm P
Difference between skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction CORRECT ANSWER>>>>-
The regulation of force in cardiac muscle is achieved by reg of calcium entry but in skeletal it is
by frequency and multifiber stimulation
- The contraction of cardiac muscle is terminated by repolarization but in skeletal it is by
breakdown of acetylcholinesterase
- Twitch duration in cardiac muscle ranges from 200 to 400 msec, compared to 20-200 msec in
the skeletal muscle, primarily due to the plateau in AP
QUESTIONS & MODEL ANSWERS (2025 NEWEST UPDATE)
Describe the process of vomiting CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Starts when gastric contents
are pushed into the esophagus
Occurs when pressure in the esophagus becomes high enough to open the upper esophageal
sphincter
Medullary center is stimulated by CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Tickling back of the throat
Gastric distention
Motion sickness
Chemoreceptor trigger zone in the 4th ventricle is activated by CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>emetics, radiation, vestibular stimulation
Describe process of saliva formation CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Formed by the parotid
gland
Acini of the gland produce an initial saliva that is isotonic to plasma
After passing through the acini, the initial saliva is modified by ducts that reabsorb Na+ and Cl-
and secrete K+ and HCO3-
This creates saliva that is low in Na+ and Cl- and high in K+ and HCO3- in relation to plasma
, The final saliva is hypotonic in relation to plasma
When saliva is needed, myoepithelial cells that surround the ducts contract and eject saliva into
the mouth from the parotid, submandibular or sublingual glands
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Maximum amount of air that can
be forcefully exhaled after a full inspiration
Equal to IRV+ERV+TV
What happens during inspiration? CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Inspiration muscles
contract: Diaphragm and External intercostal
Thoracic cavity expands in volume
Intrapleural pressure drops from -5 to -8cmH2O
Transmural pressure drops
Air flows from atm to alveolar
What happens during expiration ? CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Expiratory muscles contract
Thoracic volume decreases
Pressure in the alveolar increases more than atm P
Difference between skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction CORRECT ANSWER>>>>-
The regulation of force in cardiac muscle is achieved by reg of calcium entry but in skeletal it is
by frequency and multifiber stimulation
- The contraction of cardiac muscle is terminated by repolarization but in skeletal it is by
breakdown of acetylcholinesterase
- Twitch duration in cardiac muscle ranges from 200 to 400 msec, compared to 20-200 msec in
the skeletal muscle, primarily due to the plateau in AP
