PALS 2020 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 3
1-rescuer infant CPR - ✔✔30:2 1-rescuer pediatric CPR - ✔✔30:2 1 rescue breath
every ...... - ✔✔3-5 seconds Pulse Check on a infant during CPR: - ✔✔brachial 2 rescuer
infant CPR - ✔✔15:2 When to use thumb encircling technique - ✔✔2-person infant CPR
Use of the child AED pads is necessary if the patient is: - ✔✔Infants of less than 8 Pediatric
Assessment Triangle - ✔✔Appearance, work of breathing and circulation to the skin. If
heart rate is under 60 BPM with signs of poor perfusion despite adequate oxygenation and
ventilation - ✔✔provide chest compressions and ventilation TICLS - ✔✔tone,
interactiveness, consolably, look/gaze, speech/cry Apperance - ✔✔Use TICLS; try to keep
child calm Work of Breathing - ✔✔increased work of breathing, patients' position, work of
breathing, and adventitial breath sounds Circulation - ✔✔general color Abnormal
Respiratory effort - ✔✔- nasal flaring - Retractions or use of accessory muscles -
increased, inadequate, or absent respiratory effort Abnormal Skin color - ✔✔- Pallor -
Mottling - Cyanosis petechiae - ✔✔small, pinpoint hemorrhages Purpura - ✔✔the
appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath
the skin Primary Assessment - ✔✔A- Airway B - Breathing C - Circulation D - Disablity E-
Exposure Normal respiratory rate infant - ✔✔30-53 per minute Normal respiratory rate
Toddler - ✔✔22-37 Normal respiratory rate preschooler - ✔✔20-28 Normal respiratory rate
school-age child - ✔✔18-25 Normal respiratory rate Adolsecent - ✔✔12-20 central apnea -
✔✔no respiratory effort because of an abnormaility or suppression of the brain or spinal
cord obstructive apnea - ✔✔inspiratory effort without airflow mixed apnea - ✔✔periods of
obstructive apnea and periods of central apnea Normal Nenonate HR - ✔✔100-205
Normal infant HR - ✔✔100-180 Normal Toddler HR - ✔✔98-140 Normal preschooler HR -
✔✔80-120 Normal School-age child HR - ✔✔75-118 Normal adolescent HR - ✔✔60-100
Hypotension in children 1-10 years - ✔✔70 + (age in years x 2) Mild head injury - ✔✔GCS
score of 13-15 Moderate head injury - ✔✔GCS score of 9-12 Severe Head injury - ✔✔GCS
3-8 Disability - ✔✔neurologic function exposure - ✔✔undress the child observe childs skin
secondary assessment - ✔✔- Focused history - Focused physical examination - ongoing
reassessment Hypoxemia - ✔✔low PaO2 hypercarbia - ✔✔High PaCO2 Acidosis - ✔✔ph
under 7.35 alkalosis - ✔✔ph above 7.45 asystole - ✔✔ Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA) -
✔✔ ventricular fibrillation - ✔✔ Pulsless Ventricular Tachycardia - ✔✔ Epinephrine - ✔✔-
Used for cardiac arrest associated with VF/pVT as well as asystole/PEA - Vasopressors
aMIODARONE - ✔✔- Antiarrhytmics - May be used for shock-refractory VF or pVT Lidocaine
- ✔✔- Antiarrhytmics - May be used for shock-refractory VF or pVT Magnesium Sulfate -
1-rescuer infant CPR - ✔✔30:2 1-rescuer pediatric CPR - ✔✔30:2 1 rescue breath
every ...... - ✔✔3-5 seconds Pulse Check on a infant during CPR: - ✔✔brachial 2 rescuer
infant CPR - ✔✔15:2 When to use thumb encircling technique - ✔✔2-person infant CPR
Use of the child AED pads is necessary if the patient is: - ✔✔Infants of less than 8 Pediatric
Assessment Triangle - ✔✔Appearance, work of breathing and circulation to the skin. If
heart rate is under 60 BPM with signs of poor perfusion despite adequate oxygenation and
ventilation - ✔✔provide chest compressions and ventilation TICLS - ✔✔tone,
interactiveness, consolably, look/gaze, speech/cry Apperance - ✔✔Use TICLS; try to keep
child calm Work of Breathing - ✔✔increased work of breathing, patients' position, work of
breathing, and adventitial breath sounds Circulation - ✔✔general color Abnormal
Respiratory effort - ✔✔- nasal flaring - Retractions or use of accessory muscles -
increased, inadequate, or absent respiratory effort Abnormal Skin color - ✔✔- Pallor -
Mottling - Cyanosis petechiae - ✔✔small, pinpoint hemorrhages Purpura - ✔✔the
appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath
the skin Primary Assessment - ✔✔A- Airway B - Breathing C - Circulation D - Disablity E-
Exposure Normal respiratory rate infant - ✔✔30-53 per minute Normal respiratory rate
Toddler - ✔✔22-37 Normal respiratory rate preschooler - ✔✔20-28 Normal respiratory rate
school-age child - ✔✔18-25 Normal respiratory rate Adolsecent - ✔✔12-20 central apnea -
✔✔no respiratory effort because of an abnormaility or suppression of the brain or spinal
cord obstructive apnea - ✔✔inspiratory effort without airflow mixed apnea - ✔✔periods of
obstructive apnea and periods of central apnea Normal Nenonate HR - ✔✔100-205
Normal infant HR - ✔✔100-180 Normal Toddler HR - ✔✔98-140 Normal preschooler HR -
✔✔80-120 Normal School-age child HR - ✔✔75-118 Normal adolescent HR - ✔✔60-100
Hypotension in children 1-10 years - ✔✔70 + (age in years x 2) Mild head injury - ✔✔GCS
score of 13-15 Moderate head injury - ✔✔GCS score of 9-12 Severe Head injury - ✔✔GCS
3-8 Disability - ✔✔neurologic function exposure - ✔✔undress the child observe childs skin
secondary assessment - ✔✔- Focused history - Focused physical examination - ongoing
reassessment Hypoxemia - ✔✔low PaO2 hypercarbia - ✔✔High PaCO2 Acidosis - ✔✔ph
under 7.35 alkalosis - ✔✔ph above 7.45 asystole - ✔✔ Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA) -
✔✔ ventricular fibrillation - ✔✔ Pulsless Ventricular Tachycardia - ✔✔ Epinephrine - ✔✔-
Used for cardiac arrest associated with VF/pVT as well as asystole/PEA - Vasopressors
aMIODARONE - ✔✔- Antiarrhytmics - May be used for shock-refractory VF or pVT Lidocaine
- ✔✔- Antiarrhytmics - May be used for shock-refractory VF or pVT Magnesium Sulfate -
