PCOL838 NERVOUS SYSTEM
DISORDERS. EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
The major functions of the nervous system are to detect, analyze, and ___ information
Transmit
What is the information flow of the nervous system?
Sensory systems -> brain -> movement, visceral, and endocrine functions
What are the 3 parts of a neuron?
-Dendrites
-Cell body
-Axon
What do the dendrites do?
Receive information from the environment or from other neurons
What does the axon do?
Conducts impulses to muscles, glands, and other neurons. Up to 1 m long
Most neurons are multipolar, which means ___
One axon and several dendrites
Bipolar neurons mean ___ and where are they located?
-One dendrite and one axon
-Cochlear and vestibular ganglia, retina, and olfactory mucosa
What type of neurons are in the spinal sensory ganglia
Pseudounipolar
1 @COPYRIGHT THESTAR 2025/2026
, A single neuron receives thousands of inputs by ____ branching
Dendritic
___ branching allows several target cells to simultaneously receive a message from one neuron
Axon
Signals are propagated ___ along axons
Electrically
What is the resting membrane potential?
50-100 mV
Na+ K+ ATPase pumps Na+ out of the cells in exchange for K+. The membrane is impermeable
to Na+ but permits the flow of K+ ___ of the cells
Out
Long distance communication down axons to nerve terminals require amplification. This is
accomplished through the generation of self propagating waves of excitation known as ____
Action potentials
What is the resting potential in axon?
-70 mV
Neurons transmit signals chemically to each other at ____
Synapses
Signaling across the synaptic cleft occurs through the release ____ of that are stored where?
Neurotransmitters stored in synaptic vesicles
Glutamate is a ____ (inhibitory/excitatory) neurotransmitter
Excitatory
GABA and glycine are ____ (inhibitory/excitatory) neurotransmitters
Inhibitory
Acetylcholine is hydrolyzed by ___ at the postsynaptic membrane
Acetylcholinesterase
Not all neurotransmitters are ion channels. Many are coupled to cellular enzymes that regulate
levels of intracellular ____ to modulate the function of ion channels and many other cell
proteins
Second messengers
2 @COPYRIGHT THESTAR 2025/2026
DISORDERS. EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
The major functions of the nervous system are to detect, analyze, and ___ information
Transmit
What is the information flow of the nervous system?
Sensory systems -> brain -> movement, visceral, and endocrine functions
What are the 3 parts of a neuron?
-Dendrites
-Cell body
-Axon
What do the dendrites do?
Receive information from the environment or from other neurons
What does the axon do?
Conducts impulses to muscles, glands, and other neurons. Up to 1 m long
Most neurons are multipolar, which means ___
One axon and several dendrites
Bipolar neurons mean ___ and where are they located?
-One dendrite and one axon
-Cochlear and vestibular ganglia, retina, and olfactory mucosa
What type of neurons are in the spinal sensory ganglia
Pseudounipolar
1 @COPYRIGHT THESTAR 2025/2026
, A single neuron receives thousands of inputs by ____ branching
Dendritic
___ branching allows several target cells to simultaneously receive a message from one neuron
Axon
Signals are propagated ___ along axons
Electrically
What is the resting membrane potential?
50-100 mV
Na+ K+ ATPase pumps Na+ out of the cells in exchange for K+. The membrane is impermeable
to Na+ but permits the flow of K+ ___ of the cells
Out
Long distance communication down axons to nerve terminals require amplification. This is
accomplished through the generation of self propagating waves of excitation known as ____
Action potentials
What is the resting potential in axon?
-70 mV
Neurons transmit signals chemically to each other at ____
Synapses
Signaling across the synaptic cleft occurs through the release ____ of that are stored where?
Neurotransmitters stored in synaptic vesicles
Glutamate is a ____ (inhibitory/excitatory) neurotransmitter
Excitatory
GABA and glycine are ____ (inhibitory/excitatory) neurotransmitters
Inhibitory
Acetylcholine is hydrolyzed by ___ at the postsynaptic membrane
Acetylcholinesterase
Not all neurotransmitters are ion channels. Many are coupled to cellular enzymes that regulate
levels of intracellular ____ to modulate the function of ion channels and many other cell
proteins
Second messengers
2 @COPYRIGHT THESTAR 2025/2026
