CITI social and behavioral research
Exam 2026 Questions and Answers
Which of the following is an example of how the principle of beneficence can be
applied to a study employing human subjects? - Correct Answer -Determining that
the study has a maximization of benefits and a minimization of risks.
The Belmont Report's principle of respect for persons incorporates at least two
ethical convictions: first, that individuals should be treated as autonomous agents,
and second, that: - Correct Answer -Persons with diminished autonomy are entitled
to protection.
Which of the following are the three principles discussed in the Belmont Report? -
Correct Answer -Respect for Persons, Beneficence, Justice
A study was submitted to the IRB designed to evaluate the effect of background
noise on an individual's ability to concentrate and answer questions. The IRB
approved the study and consent form. The consent form includes all the required
information. The use of a consent form is an example of the Belmont principle of: -
Correct Answer -Respect for persons
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,A researcher submits a study to the IRB that proposes to evaluate a new after-
school on-line tutoring program for middle-school students in a local school
district examining the effect on student grades. She proposes to perform this
assessment at the school that her children attend, because she is familiar with the
school district. Students may use either their personal smartphone or computer to
participate in the program. This study might be determined to be violating which
principle of the Belmont Report? - Correct Answer -Justice
Which of the following is an example of how the principle of beneficence is
applied to a study involving human subjects? - Correct Answer -Ensuring that risks
are reasonable in relationship to anticipated benefits
Humphreys' collecting data for the Tearoom Trade study under the pretense that he
was a lookout is an example of a violation of the principle of: - Correct Answer -
Respect for persons
The researcher's failure to protect research subjects from deductive disclosure of
identity (that is, the re-identification of subjects by other researchers) is the
primary ethical violation in which of the following studies? - Correct Answer -
"Tastes, Ties, and Time (T3)" study
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, Which of the following studies is linked most directly to the establishment of the
National Research Act in 1974 and ultimately to the Belmont Report and federal
regulations for human subject protection? - Correct Answer -PHS Tuskegee Study
According to the Belmont Report, the requirement that the benefits and burdens of
the research are equitably distributed, expresses the principle of: - Correct Answer
-Justice
An example cited in the Belmont Report (The National Commission 1979) stated
that "During the 19th and early 20th centuries the burdens of serving as research
subjects fell largely upon poor ward patients, while the benefits of improved
medical care flowed primarily to private patients." This is an example of a
violation of which Belmont principle? - Correct Answer -Justice
The Belmont principle of beneficence requires that: - Correct Answer -Risks to
subjects are reasonable in relation to anticipated benefits.
A medical record is an example of: - Correct Answer -Private information
According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the
definition of research with human subjects? 1 - Correct Answer -An experiment is
proposed on the relationship between gender-related stereotypes in math and the
subsequent performance by males and females on math tests.
©COPYRIGHT 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
Exam 2026 Questions and Answers
Which of the following is an example of how the principle of beneficence can be
applied to a study employing human subjects? - Correct Answer -Determining that
the study has a maximization of benefits and a minimization of risks.
The Belmont Report's principle of respect for persons incorporates at least two
ethical convictions: first, that individuals should be treated as autonomous agents,
and second, that: - Correct Answer -Persons with diminished autonomy are entitled
to protection.
Which of the following are the three principles discussed in the Belmont Report? -
Correct Answer -Respect for Persons, Beneficence, Justice
A study was submitted to the IRB designed to evaluate the effect of background
noise on an individual's ability to concentrate and answer questions. The IRB
approved the study and consent form. The consent form includes all the required
information. The use of a consent form is an example of the Belmont principle of: -
Correct Answer -Respect for persons
©COPYRIGHT 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,A researcher submits a study to the IRB that proposes to evaluate a new after-
school on-line tutoring program for middle-school students in a local school
district examining the effect on student grades. She proposes to perform this
assessment at the school that her children attend, because she is familiar with the
school district. Students may use either their personal smartphone or computer to
participate in the program. This study might be determined to be violating which
principle of the Belmont Report? - Correct Answer -Justice
Which of the following is an example of how the principle of beneficence is
applied to a study involving human subjects? - Correct Answer -Ensuring that risks
are reasonable in relationship to anticipated benefits
Humphreys' collecting data for the Tearoom Trade study under the pretense that he
was a lookout is an example of a violation of the principle of: - Correct Answer -
Respect for persons
The researcher's failure to protect research subjects from deductive disclosure of
identity (that is, the re-identification of subjects by other researchers) is the
primary ethical violation in which of the following studies? - Correct Answer -
"Tastes, Ties, and Time (T3)" study
©COPYRIGHT 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Which of the following studies is linked most directly to the establishment of the
National Research Act in 1974 and ultimately to the Belmont Report and federal
regulations for human subject protection? - Correct Answer -PHS Tuskegee Study
According to the Belmont Report, the requirement that the benefits and burdens of
the research are equitably distributed, expresses the principle of: - Correct Answer
-Justice
An example cited in the Belmont Report (The National Commission 1979) stated
that "During the 19th and early 20th centuries the burdens of serving as research
subjects fell largely upon poor ward patients, while the benefits of improved
medical care flowed primarily to private patients." This is an example of a
violation of which Belmont principle? - Correct Answer -Justice
The Belmont principle of beneficence requires that: - Correct Answer -Risks to
subjects are reasonable in relation to anticipated benefits.
A medical record is an example of: - Correct Answer -Private information
According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the
definition of research with human subjects? 1 - Correct Answer -An experiment is
proposed on the relationship between gender-related stereotypes in math and the
subsequent performance by males and females on math tests.
©COPYRIGHT 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
