APG U3 UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWER
What is one amendment that extended suffrage to a new group of people? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅19th Amendment extended suffrage to Women
What is the rational choice model of voting? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Voting based on which candidate
is going to benefit you the most
How are retrospective and prospective voting different? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Thinking about a
candidate's past actions versus thinking about what they will do in the future.
What is political efficacy, and why is it important? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The idea that your action
actually matters/makes a difference, how politically effective can you be if you vote.
Important because if it did not matter our democracy wouldn't function.
How does the type of election (midterm vs. presidential) influence voter turnout? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅People are more likely to turnout for Presidential elections rather than midterms, people
in congress tend to stay in congress > people may believe their political efficacy is lower in those
elections so they do not turn out as much, on Presidential elections there is more engagement and focus
overall, in times of more political engagement more people turn out, more voter turnout in
battleground states - people believed they had higher political efficacy.
How do demographics influence voter choice? Why do campaign managers study this data? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅White people, women, people involved in gov., older people and more educated people
are more likely to vote (turnout).
Study this data to see how their candidate is polling with these demographics
What is a linkage institution? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a group that connects the people to the
government, ways for the people to communicate their preferences to the gov.
What is one way in which political parties impact the electorate? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Parties go to
people who are sympathetic to the party/ party ideals and convince them why their candidate will
handle key issues best.
, How do parties provide opportunities for citizen participation in government? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅They recruit candidates, allow for party leaders, and allow for participation in party
decisions.
How have candidate-centered campaigns changed the election process in the United States? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Power of party bosses/political machines to decide candidates has declined, people vote
less on party lines and more for a candidate/their morals/ personality etc.
What strategies do candidates employ in order to win elections? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Focus on
different ways to finance their campaigns, use micro-targeting, different messages centered towards
different demographics.
Why is it difficult for third-party candidates to win elections in the United States? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Winner-take all system is generally used > these candidates don't have name recognition
or support of major parties, other two parties include their messages into their own platforms, third
party voters vote for Dem/Rep candidates because they are more likely to succeed.
What are the benefits and drawbacks of third-party participation in the US political system? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Benefits: representation of more beliefs, more options for voters.
Drawbacks: not typically successful, draws votes away from candidates who have more of a chance at
winning- votes for these candidates do not have efficacy.
What is the free rider problem and another example of it in society? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Using
anything meant for the public without contributing to its funding, yet reaping its benefits.
Ex: going to a potluck and eating all of your friends' food without bringing anything yourself.
What is one positive effect and one problem associated with interest group participation in the political
process. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅+ Issues that are important and get traction with the support of large
Interest Groups
- efficacy of the individual is lesser & not all IGs are created =
Why do interest groups employ different strategies—donating to campaigns vs. supporting ballot
initiatives-to accomplish their goals? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅To avoid putting all of their eggs in one
basket and allow for many passageways for their message to get across.
What is one amendment that extended suffrage to a new group of people? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅19th Amendment extended suffrage to Women
What is the rational choice model of voting? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Voting based on which candidate
is going to benefit you the most
How are retrospective and prospective voting different? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Thinking about a
candidate's past actions versus thinking about what they will do in the future.
What is political efficacy, and why is it important? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅The idea that your action
actually matters/makes a difference, how politically effective can you be if you vote.
Important because if it did not matter our democracy wouldn't function.
How does the type of election (midterm vs. presidential) influence voter turnout? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅People are more likely to turnout for Presidential elections rather than midterms, people
in congress tend to stay in congress > people may believe their political efficacy is lower in those
elections so they do not turn out as much, on Presidential elections there is more engagement and focus
overall, in times of more political engagement more people turn out, more voter turnout in
battleground states - people believed they had higher political efficacy.
How do demographics influence voter choice? Why do campaign managers study this data? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅White people, women, people involved in gov., older people and more educated people
are more likely to vote (turnout).
Study this data to see how their candidate is polling with these demographics
What is a linkage institution? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a group that connects the people to the
government, ways for the people to communicate their preferences to the gov.
What is one way in which political parties impact the electorate? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Parties go to
people who are sympathetic to the party/ party ideals and convince them why their candidate will
handle key issues best.
, How do parties provide opportunities for citizen participation in government? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅They recruit candidates, allow for party leaders, and allow for participation in party
decisions.
How have candidate-centered campaigns changed the election process in the United States? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Power of party bosses/political machines to decide candidates has declined, people vote
less on party lines and more for a candidate/their morals/ personality etc.
What strategies do candidates employ in order to win elections? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Focus on
different ways to finance their campaigns, use micro-targeting, different messages centered towards
different demographics.
Why is it difficult for third-party candidates to win elections in the United States? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Winner-take all system is generally used > these candidates don't have name recognition
or support of major parties, other two parties include their messages into their own platforms, third
party voters vote for Dem/Rep candidates because they are more likely to succeed.
What are the benefits and drawbacks of third-party participation in the US political system? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅Benefits: representation of more beliefs, more options for voters.
Drawbacks: not typically successful, draws votes away from candidates who have more of a chance at
winning- votes for these candidates do not have efficacy.
What is the free rider problem and another example of it in society? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Using
anything meant for the public without contributing to its funding, yet reaping its benefits.
Ex: going to a potluck and eating all of your friends' food without bringing anything yourself.
What is one positive effect and one problem associated with interest group participation in the political
process. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅+ Issues that are important and get traction with the support of large
Interest Groups
- efficacy of the individual is lesser & not all IGs are created =
Why do interest groups employ different strategies—donating to campaigns vs. supporting ballot
initiatives-to accomplish their goals? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅To avoid putting all of their eggs in one
basket and allow for many passageways for their message to get across.
