BIO 207 Rourke Exam 3 UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Cardiac Muscle - CORRECT ANSWER - Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the
heart. HAs intercalated discs to help function as only one unit, pacemaker cells are self-
excitatory, gap junctions present
Pericardial Sac - CORRECT ANSWER - Two layers with serous pericardial fluid in
between, The inner layer is the serous layer and the outer fibrous layer protect the heart.
Heart Sounds - CORRECT ANSWER - First Heart Sound: LUB, caused by the closing of
the AV Valves
Second Heart Sound: DUB caused by the closing of the Semilunar Valves
Atrioventricular Valves - CORRECT ANSWER - Separate the atria from the ventricles,
include the tricuspid and the mitral (bicuspid) valves.
Semilunar Valves - CORRECT ANSWER - The aortic valve and the pulmonary valve
Problems with valves - CORRECT ANSWER - Stenotic: valve does not open correctly,
creates a turbulent flow, resulting in a murmur, narrow valve causes turbulence during ejection.
Leaky: valve does not close correctly, creating a turbulent backflow that can be heard after
ventricular contraction.
Structure of valves - CORRECT ANSWER - Open/Close in response to pressure behind or
in front of respectively. Chordae Tendineae attach to papillary muscle to prevent the valve from
inverting from ventricular back pressure
Heart Layer - CORRECT ANSWER - Endocardium (deep): inner layer of heart, covers
entire inner surface of heart including valves.
, Myocardium (middle layer): thickest because it is muscle
Epicardium (outermost layer): what I would grab if I were to hold to heart in my hands
Myocardial/ Contractile Cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Produce Contraction that propel
blood
continuous involuntary rhythmic contraction
Conducting Cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Connect SA and AV nodes
allow the AP to go through the Myocardium
Pacemaker Cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Involved in gap junctions
self excitatory, establish rate of contraction
highest rate of depolarization
Pulmonary Circulation - CORRECT ANSWER - Blood flowing out right ventricle to
lungs through pulmonary arteries to undergo gas exchange and get oxygenated and flow back to
heart
Systemic Circulation - CORRECT ANSWER - U already know this bitch
Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation - CORRECT ANSWER - there is the same amount
of blood flowing throughout each system at any given time. If the Sympathetic nervous system is
working there would be less blood going to GI Tract and more to skeletal muscle. The lungs
cannot have high pressure or else the blood would not have enough time to oxygenate
ectopic - CORRECT ANSWER - purkinje fibers are going way to fast and the whole heart
now lets purkinje fibers drive up heart rate
Ventricular Action Potential - CORRECT ANSWER - 4 phases: 1. Rapid Depolarization:
Na fast channels open, Na+ rush in
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Cardiac Muscle - CORRECT ANSWER - Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the
heart. HAs intercalated discs to help function as only one unit, pacemaker cells are self-
excitatory, gap junctions present
Pericardial Sac - CORRECT ANSWER - Two layers with serous pericardial fluid in
between, The inner layer is the serous layer and the outer fibrous layer protect the heart.
Heart Sounds - CORRECT ANSWER - First Heart Sound: LUB, caused by the closing of
the AV Valves
Second Heart Sound: DUB caused by the closing of the Semilunar Valves
Atrioventricular Valves - CORRECT ANSWER - Separate the atria from the ventricles,
include the tricuspid and the mitral (bicuspid) valves.
Semilunar Valves - CORRECT ANSWER - The aortic valve and the pulmonary valve
Problems with valves - CORRECT ANSWER - Stenotic: valve does not open correctly,
creates a turbulent flow, resulting in a murmur, narrow valve causes turbulence during ejection.
Leaky: valve does not close correctly, creating a turbulent backflow that can be heard after
ventricular contraction.
Structure of valves - CORRECT ANSWER - Open/Close in response to pressure behind or
in front of respectively. Chordae Tendineae attach to papillary muscle to prevent the valve from
inverting from ventricular back pressure
Heart Layer - CORRECT ANSWER - Endocardium (deep): inner layer of heart, covers
entire inner surface of heart including valves.
, Myocardium (middle layer): thickest because it is muscle
Epicardium (outermost layer): what I would grab if I were to hold to heart in my hands
Myocardial/ Contractile Cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Produce Contraction that propel
blood
continuous involuntary rhythmic contraction
Conducting Cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Connect SA and AV nodes
allow the AP to go through the Myocardium
Pacemaker Cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Involved in gap junctions
self excitatory, establish rate of contraction
highest rate of depolarization
Pulmonary Circulation - CORRECT ANSWER - Blood flowing out right ventricle to
lungs through pulmonary arteries to undergo gas exchange and get oxygenated and flow back to
heart
Systemic Circulation - CORRECT ANSWER - U already know this bitch
Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation - CORRECT ANSWER - there is the same amount
of blood flowing throughout each system at any given time. If the Sympathetic nervous system is
working there would be less blood going to GI Tract and more to skeletal muscle. The lungs
cannot have high pressure or else the blood would not have enough time to oxygenate
ectopic - CORRECT ANSWER - purkinje fibers are going way to fast and the whole heart
now lets purkinje fibers drive up heart rate
Ventricular Action Potential - CORRECT ANSWER - 4 phases: 1. Rapid Depolarization:
Na fast channels open, Na+ rush in
