CHAPTER 38: UROLOGY AND
NEPHROLOGY QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS [GRADED
A+]
Urinary System - ✔✔Regulates blood pressure and produces urine.
Erythropoietin - ✔✔Stimulates red blood cell production from kidneys.
Ammonia - ✔✔Toxic byproduct from amino acid breakdown.
Urea - ✔✔Less toxic compound formed from ammonia.
Renal Calculi - ✔✔Kidney stones causing sudden onset disorders.
©morren2025/2026.Year published 2025.
, Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy - ✔✔Noncancerous prostate enlargement
affecting many men.
Nephron - ✔✔Functional unit of the kidney producing urine.
Glomerulus - ✔✔Cluster of capillaries in nephron for filtration.
Bowman's Capsule - ✔✔Cup-shaped structure surrounding glomerulus.
Filtrate - ✔✔Fluid filtered into Bowman's capsule from blood.
Renal Pelvis - ✔✔Hollow space receiving urine from papilla.
Kidney Anatomy - ✔✔Includes cortex, medulla, pyramids, and hilum.
Cortex - ✔✔Outer region of the kidney.
Medulla - ✔✔Inner region of the kidney.
©morren2025/2026.Year published 2025.
NEPHROLOGY QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS [GRADED
A+]
Urinary System - ✔✔Regulates blood pressure and produces urine.
Erythropoietin - ✔✔Stimulates red blood cell production from kidneys.
Ammonia - ✔✔Toxic byproduct from amino acid breakdown.
Urea - ✔✔Less toxic compound formed from ammonia.
Renal Calculi - ✔✔Kidney stones causing sudden onset disorders.
©morren2025/2026.Year published 2025.
, Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy - ✔✔Noncancerous prostate enlargement
affecting many men.
Nephron - ✔✔Functional unit of the kidney producing urine.
Glomerulus - ✔✔Cluster of capillaries in nephron for filtration.
Bowman's Capsule - ✔✔Cup-shaped structure surrounding glomerulus.
Filtrate - ✔✔Fluid filtered into Bowman's capsule from blood.
Renal Pelvis - ✔✔Hollow space receiving urine from papilla.
Kidney Anatomy - ✔✔Includes cortex, medulla, pyramids, and hilum.
Cortex - ✔✔Outer region of the kidney.
Medulla - ✔✔Inner region of the kidney.
©morren2025/2026.Year published 2025.
