Gero exam 4 questions n answers
graded A+ already passed
1. An 80-year-old patient has nausea and vomiting related to a gastrointestinal disorder. The
nursing intervention most likely to help the patient is to:
a. offer sips of soda every 15 minutes until more is tolerated.
b. encourage the patient to lie in a prone position while nauseated.
c. encourage the intake of high-calorie foods such as milkshakes.
d. keep the patient on a nothing-by-mouth (NPO) order until the nausea subsides. - correct
answer ✔✔A
Nursing interventions for nausea and vomiting include many self-help measures, including
drinking clear liquids, progressing from eating bland foods to solid foods, and small frequent
feedings. If vomiting occurs, fluid replacement should be a priority. Sips of fluids every 15
minutes until more can be tolerated may decrease episodes of dehydration. The position of the
patient is unimportant. The patient should avoid nonclear liquids such as milkshakes. If the
patient cannot keep even sips down, he or she may be prescribed NPO status.
DIF: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 480 OBJ: 24-6
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
Physiologic Integrity
2. When preparing to discharge an older patient with mild dysphagia, the nurse suggests that
the
patient can minimize symptoms by:
a. eating small meals every 2 to 3 hours
b. cutting a sandwich into bite-sized peicees.
,c. eating less but choosing nutrient-dense foods.
www.mynursingtestprep.com
d. drinking thin liquids instead of eating solids. - correct answer ✔✔A
Instruction regarding eating habits and maintaining weight and nutrition is important. For
example, small, frequent meals, pureed or soft foods, and high-protein, high-calorie foods are
helpful. Thin liquids are often harder to swallow than thickened ones. Nutrient-dense foods are
important, but so is maintaining calorie requirements.
DIF: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 488 OBJ: 24-6
TOP: Teaching-Learning
Health Promotion
3. An older patient is being taught about oral gingivitis. The nurse has included instruction about
maintaining an oral hygiene program, signs and symptoms of oral infection, and the importance
of maintaining regular professional dental care. What important teaching has been missed?
a. Information about when to have teeth removed and dentures made
b. The necessity of using a hard-bristled toothbrush to maintain cleanliness
c. The importance of avoiding meat and caffeine-containing products
d. The importance of adequate nutrition for maintaining oral health - correct answer ✔✔D
Nursing management of an older patient with gingivitis or periodontitis includes promotion of
regular oral hygiene, regular preventive dental care, and maintenance of nutritional status. In
addition, instructing the patient on the signs and symptoms of oral infections is also an
important
component of patient education. The other topics are not warranted.
DIF: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 487 OBJ: 24-6
TOP: Teaching-Learning
,Health Promotion
4. An older adult patient has recently diagnosed gastritis. What statement made by this patient
indicates the need for further teaching?
www.mynursingtestprep.com
a. The abdominal pain is caused by acidity.
b. I should avoid taking aspirin.
c. Smoking has little effect on my stomach problem.
d. I could develop pernicious anemia. - correct answer ✔✔C
Acute gastritis causes transient inflammation, hemorrhages, and erosion into the gastric
mucosal
lining. Although the cause may be undetermined, it is frequently associated with alcoholism,
aspirin or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) ingestion, smoking, and severely
stressful conditions such as burns, trauma, central nervous system damage, chemotherapy, and
radiotherapy. It can cause abdominal pain. Smoking is a risk factor. The patient could develop
pernicious anemia.
DIF: Evaluating (Evaluation) REF: N/A OBJ: 24-6
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
Physiologic Integrity
5. The nurse is planning to teach an older patient about diverticulitis. What topic does the nurse
include?
a. Dietary fiber and fluids will reduce the symptoms.
b. It is unusual to see diverticula in older persons.
c. Abdominal cramping and severe diarrhea should be reported.
, d. Diverticulosis rarely reoccurs once it has been treated. - correct answer ✔✔A
Teaching should include the need to eat high-fiber foods and the importance of achieving and
maintaining adequate fluid status. Patients should be encouraged to consume up to 2000 mL of
fluids each day, unless contraindicated by cardiac status. Older people have diverticulitis
commonly. Abdominal cramping and diarrhea are expected findings. Diverticulitis usually
reoccurs.
www.mynursingtestprep.com
DIF: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 497 OBJ: 24-5
TOP: Teaching-Learning
Physiologic Integrity
6. The nurse caring for an older adult diagnosed with hyperplastic polyps instructs him that:
a. this type of polyp is rarely malignant and usually does not require treatment.
b. follow-up colonoscopies should be performed every 3 to 4 years after diagnosis.
c. stool should be guaiac tested every week for 1 year after diagnosis.
d. the presence of blood in the stool requires a repeat sigmoidoscopy examination. - correct
answer ✔✔D
This type of polyp is rarely cancerous and rarely causes symptoms; however, they occasionally
bleed, leaving bright red blood in the stool. A colonoscopy every 3 to 4 years is not indicated nor
is testing the stool for blood for 1 year.
DIF: Applying (Application) REF: N/A OBJ: 24-6
TOP: Teaching-Learning
Physiologic Integrity
7. An older adult reports chronic constipation. When asked why this problem has gotten worse
graded A+ already passed
1. An 80-year-old patient has nausea and vomiting related to a gastrointestinal disorder. The
nursing intervention most likely to help the patient is to:
a. offer sips of soda every 15 minutes until more is tolerated.
b. encourage the patient to lie in a prone position while nauseated.
c. encourage the intake of high-calorie foods such as milkshakes.
d. keep the patient on a nothing-by-mouth (NPO) order until the nausea subsides. - correct
answer ✔✔A
Nursing interventions for nausea and vomiting include many self-help measures, including
drinking clear liquids, progressing from eating bland foods to solid foods, and small frequent
feedings. If vomiting occurs, fluid replacement should be a priority. Sips of fluids every 15
minutes until more can be tolerated may decrease episodes of dehydration. The position of the
patient is unimportant. The patient should avoid nonclear liquids such as milkshakes. If the
patient cannot keep even sips down, he or she may be prescribed NPO status.
DIF: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 480 OBJ: 24-6
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
Physiologic Integrity
2. When preparing to discharge an older patient with mild dysphagia, the nurse suggests that
the
patient can minimize symptoms by:
a. eating small meals every 2 to 3 hours
b. cutting a sandwich into bite-sized peicees.
,c. eating less but choosing nutrient-dense foods.
www.mynursingtestprep.com
d. drinking thin liquids instead of eating solids. - correct answer ✔✔A
Instruction regarding eating habits and maintaining weight and nutrition is important. For
example, small, frequent meals, pureed or soft foods, and high-protein, high-calorie foods are
helpful. Thin liquids are often harder to swallow than thickened ones. Nutrient-dense foods are
important, but so is maintaining calorie requirements.
DIF: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 488 OBJ: 24-6
TOP: Teaching-Learning
Health Promotion
3. An older patient is being taught about oral gingivitis. The nurse has included instruction about
maintaining an oral hygiene program, signs and symptoms of oral infection, and the importance
of maintaining regular professional dental care. What important teaching has been missed?
a. Information about when to have teeth removed and dentures made
b. The necessity of using a hard-bristled toothbrush to maintain cleanliness
c. The importance of avoiding meat and caffeine-containing products
d. The importance of adequate nutrition for maintaining oral health - correct answer ✔✔D
Nursing management of an older patient with gingivitis or periodontitis includes promotion of
regular oral hygiene, regular preventive dental care, and maintenance of nutritional status. In
addition, instructing the patient on the signs and symptoms of oral infections is also an
important
component of patient education. The other topics are not warranted.
DIF: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 487 OBJ: 24-6
TOP: Teaching-Learning
,Health Promotion
4. An older adult patient has recently diagnosed gastritis. What statement made by this patient
indicates the need for further teaching?
www.mynursingtestprep.com
a. The abdominal pain is caused by acidity.
b. I should avoid taking aspirin.
c. Smoking has little effect on my stomach problem.
d. I could develop pernicious anemia. - correct answer ✔✔C
Acute gastritis causes transient inflammation, hemorrhages, and erosion into the gastric
mucosal
lining. Although the cause may be undetermined, it is frequently associated with alcoholism,
aspirin or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) ingestion, smoking, and severely
stressful conditions such as burns, trauma, central nervous system damage, chemotherapy, and
radiotherapy. It can cause abdominal pain. Smoking is a risk factor. The patient could develop
pernicious anemia.
DIF: Evaluating (Evaluation) REF: N/A OBJ: 24-6
TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation
Physiologic Integrity
5. The nurse is planning to teach an older patient about diverticulitis. What topic does the nurse
include?
a. Dietary fiber and fluids will reduce the symptoms.
b. It is unusual to see diverticula in older persons.
c. Abdominal cramping and severe diarrhea should be reported.
, d. Diverticulosis rarely reoccurs once it has been treated. - correct answer ✔✔A
Teaching should include the need to eat high-fiber foods and the importance of achieving and
maintaining adequate fluid status. Patients should be encouraged to consume up to 2000 mL of
fluids each day, unless contraindicated by cardiac status. Older people have diverticulitis
commonly. Abdominal cramping and diarrhea are expected findings. Diverticulitis usually
reoccurs.
www.mynursingtestprep.com
DIF: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: Page 497 OBJ: 24-5
TOP: Teaching-Learning
Physiologic Integrity
6. The nurse caring for an older adult diagnosed with hyperplastic polyps instructs him that:
a. this type of polyp is rarely malignant and usually does not require treatment.
b. follow-up colonoscopies should be performed every 3 to 4 years after diagnosis.
c. stool should be guaiac tested every week for 1 year after diagnosis.
d. the presence of blood in the stool requires a repeat sigmoidoscopy examination. - correct
answer ✔✔D
This type of polyp is rarely cancerous and rarely causes symptoms; however, they occasionally
bleed, leaving bright red blood in the stool. A colonoscopy every 3 to 4 years is not indicated nor
is testing the stool for blood for 1 year.
DIF: Applying (Application) REF: N/A OBJ: 24-6
TOP: Teaching-Learning
Physiologic Integrity
7. An older adult reports chronic constipation. When asked why this problem has gotten worse
