NSG 316 Final Exam
tonsil grading scale ANS: 1+: visible
2+: halfway b/n tonsillar pillars and uvula
3+: touching uvula
4+: touching each other
(1-2 in healthy people)
normal contour of abdomen ANS: flat or rounded
contour of the abdomen describes ANS: nutritional state
how to auscultate bowel sounds ANS: use diaphragm of stethoscope, hold lightly against skin, begin in
RLQ
how long do you need to auscultate in each quadrant to determine bowel sounds are completely absent
ANS: 5 minutes
how to auscultate vascular sounds ANS: use the bell of the stethoscope, use firmer pressure over the
arteries
is there usually tenderness when palpating the sigmoid colon ANS: yes
what can make organs enlarged ANS: trauma, injury, distention, infection
abnormal findings in GI/GU system ANS: -thrills and bruits
-obesity
-ascites
, -cysts
-tumor
-hypo/hyperactive bowel sounds
ethnic differences in the lips ANS: black people may have blue lips and a dark line on the gingival margin
GI system changes in the aging adult ANS: -salivation decreases
-dec sense of taste
-delayed esophageal emptying and gastric acid secretion
-dec liver size (normal liver functions)
-dec drug metabolism
-frequent constipation
borborygmus ANS: hyperactive bowel sounds
melena can be caused by ANS: taking iron meds
bright red blood in the stool may be due to ANS: hemorrhoids
developmental changes in men ANS: -testosterone decreases
-pubic hair and penis size dec
-testes dec in size/less firm
2 main causes of end stage renal disease ANS: HTN and diabetes
tonsil grading scale ANS: 1+: visible
2+: halfway b/n tonsillar pillars and uvula
3+: touching uvula
4+: touching each other
(1-2 in healthy people)
normal contour of abdomen ANS: flat or rounded
contour of the abdomen describes ANS: nutritional state
how to auscultate bowel sounds ANS: use diaphragm of stethoscope, hold lightly against skin, begin in
RLQ
how long do you need to auscultate in each quadrant to determine bowel sounds are completely absent
ANS: 5 minutes
how to auscultate vascular sounds ANS: use the bell of the stethoscope, use firmer pressure over the
arteries
is there usually tenderness when palpating the sigmoid colon ANS: yes
what can make organs enlarged ANS: trauma, injury, distention, infection
abnormal findings in GI/GU system ANS: -thrills and bruits
-obesity
-ascites
, -cysts
-tumor
-hypo/hyperactive bowel sounds
ethnic differences in the lips ANS: black people may have blue lips and a dark line on the gingival margin
GI system changes in the aging adult ANS: -salivation decreases
-dec sense of taste
-delayed esophageal emptying and gastric acid secretion
-dec liver size (normal liver functions)
-dec drug metabolism
-frequent constipation
borborygmus ANS: hyperactive bowel sounds
melena can be caused by ANS: taking iron meds
bright red blood in the stool may be due to ANS: hemorrhoids
developmental changes in men ANS: -testosterone decreases
-pubic hair and penis size dec
-testes dec in size/less firm
2 main causes of end stage renal disease ANS: HTN and diabetes
