NR546 Week 4 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Sedative-hypnotic pharmaceutical agents (benzodiazepines and barbiturates) have several
clinical indications - CORRECT ANSWER - Sedation and anxiolysis
Treatment of insomnia
General anesthesia
Seizures
Alcohol withdrawal states
As adjunctive management with neuromuscular blockage/muscle relaxation
To induce or maintain sleep
Use associated with sedative-hypnotic medications - CORRECT ANSWER - 1 in 8 adults
Higher incidence in older adults
Often co-prescribed with opioids
misuse associated with sedative-hypnotic medications - CORRECT ANSWER - Taken
outside of prescriptive guidelines (larger amounts over longer time period)
Taken without prescription (often obtained from friend/relative)
Polysubstance Abuse
Are common as second drugs of abuse, often taken with opioids and/or alcohol
Increased respiratory and CNS depression
Increased risk of emergency department visits
withdrawal symptoms associated with sedative-hypnotic medications - CORRECT
ANSWER - May be severe
Signs and symptoms include psychosis, hallucinations, delirium, seizures
Mild signs and symptoms: irritability, tremor, anxiety, palpitations, insomnia, nausea, vomiting,
diaphoresis, headache
,Benzodiazepine intoxication can resemble alcohol intoxication: unsteady gait, cognitive
impairment, discoordination, slurred speech
Overdose may lead to respiratory depression and stupor/coma
Polysubstance Abuse - CORRECT ANSWER - Are common as second drugs of abuse,
often taken with opioids and/or alcohol
Increased respiratory and CNS depression
Increased risk of emergency department visits
Anxiety - CORRECT ANSWER - a response to situations that are perceived as stressful or
dangerous
increases alertness, heart rate, and respirations, preparing the body to respond to perceived
threatening environmental stimuli
one of the most common mental health concerns in the United States - CORRECT
ANSWER - Anxiety disorders
25% of people develop pathological anxiety during their lifetime.
Anxiety affects more women than men.
Anxiety disorders can be debilitating and negatively impact the quality of life.
leads to increased utilization of healthcare, morbidity, and mortality - CORRECT
ANSWER - Untreated anxiety
anxiety disorders include - CORRECT ANSWER - separation anxiety disorder
selective mutism
specific phobias (animal, natural environment, blood-injection-injury, situational, other)
, social anxiety disorder
panic disorder
agoraphobia
generalized anxiety disorder
substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder
anxiety disorder due to another medical condition
Anxiety: Presenting Complaints - CORRECT ANSWER - Sleep disturbance
Poor concentration
Irritability
Chest discomfort
Increased heart rate
Restlessness
Shortness of breath first-line drugs to treat all anxiety disorders.
Anxiety and Genetics - CORRECT ANSWER - genetic factors are correlated with various
types of anxiety disorders, symptoms, and comorbidities.
Results from family and twin studies indicate that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has
genetic heritability of approximately 30%.
Children of parents with GAD are twice as likely to experience anxiety as those who do not have
a positive family history.
Childhood developmental disturbances, trauma, environmental adversity, and stressful life events
were identified as environmental components with the potential to impact genetic expression
Anxiety and Neuroanatomy - CORRECT ANSWER - Fear is associated with anxiety and
has both emotional and physical components.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Sedative-hypnotic pharmaceutical agents (benzodiazepines and barbiturates) have several
clinical indications - CORRECT ANSWER - Sedation and anxiolysis
Treatment of insomnia
General anesthesia
Seizures
Alcohol withdrawal states
As adjunctive management with neuromuscular blockage/muscle relaxation
To induce or maintain sleep
Use associated with sedative-hypnotic medications - CORRECT ANSWER - 1 in 8 adults
Higher incidence in older adults
Often co-prescribed with opioids
misuse associated with sedative-hypnotic medications - CORRECT ANSWER - Taken
outside of prescriptive guidelines (larger amounts over longer time period)
Taken without prescription (often obtained from friend/relative)
Polysubstance Abuse
Are common as second drugs of abuse, often taken with opioids and/or alcohol
Increased respiratory and CNS depression
Increased risk of emergency department visits
withdrawal symptoms associated with sedative-hypnotic medications - CORRECT
ANSWER - May be severe
Signs and symptoms include psychosis, hallucinations, delirium, seizures
Mild signs and symptoms: irritability, tremor, anxiety, palpitations, insomnia, nausea, vomiting,
diaphoresis, headache
,Benzodiazepine intoxication can resemble alcohol intoxication: unsteady gait, cognitive
impairment, discoordination, slurred speech
Overdose may lead to respiratory depression and stupor/coma
Polysubstance Abuse - CORRECT ANSWER - Are common as second drugs of abuse,
often taken with opioids and/or alcohol
Increased respiratory and CNS depression
Increased risk of emergency department visits
Anxiety - CORRECT ANSWER - a response to situations that are perceived as stressful or
dangerous
increases alertness, heart rate, and respirations, preparing the body to respond to perceived
threatening environmental stimuli
one of the most common mental health concerns in the United States - CORRECT
ANSWER - Anxiety disorders
25% of people develop pathological anxiety during their lifetime.
Anxiety affects more women than men.
Anxiety disorders can be debilitating and negatively impact the quality of life.
leads to increased utilization of healthcare, morbidity, and mortality - CORRECT
ANSWER - Untreated anxiety
anxiety disorders include - CORRECT ANSWER - separation anxiety disorder
selective mutism
specific phobias (animal, natural environment, blood-injection-injury, situational, other)
, social anxiety disorder
panic disorder
agoraphobia
generalized anxiety disorder
substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder
anxiety disorder due to another medical condition
Anxiety: Presenting Complaints - CORRECT ANSWER - Sleep disturbance
Poor concentration
Irritability
Chest discomfort
Increased heart rate
Restlessness
Shortness of breath first-line drugs to treat all anxiety disorders.
Anxiety and Genetics - CORRECT ANSWER - genetic factors are correlated with various
types of anxiety disorders, symptoms, and comorbidities.
Results from family and twin studies indicate that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has
genetic heritability of approximately 30%.
Children of parents with GAD are twice as likely to experience anxiety as those who do not have
a positive family history.
Childhood developmental disturbances, trauma, environmental adversity, and stressful life events
were identified as environmental components with the potential to impact genetic expression
Anxiety and Neuroanatomy - CORRECT ANSWER - Fear is associated with anxiety and
has both emotional and physical components.
