NSG 124 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 3 |2025-2026 LATEST UPDATED| REAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% RATED CORRECT | 100%
VERFIED SOLUTIONS | ALREADY GRADED A+
1. ACE inhibitors are important drugs for treating:: hypertension, heart failure,
diabetic nephropathy, MI
2. Adverse effects of ACE inhibitors: first dose hypotension cough
hyperkalemia renal failure fetal injury
angioedema
Neutropenia (rare but serious complication)
3. MOA for ACE inhibitors: Inhibits the action of ACE, preventing the conversion
of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and the release of aldosterone, inhibiting
vasoconstriction.
4. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors: Benazepril Captopril
Enalapril
Lisinopril
Quinapril
Ramipril
,5. Ace inhibitors contraindicated: - Pregnancy
- bilateral renal artery stenosis (or stenosis in the artery to a single remaining
kidney) - hypersensitivity reactions (especially angioedema) to ACE inhibitors. -
renal impairment
-collagen vascular disease,
- patients taking potassium supplements and salt substitutes -potassium-
sparing diuretic and ARBs, aliskiren, or lithium.
6. Fluoxetine (Prozac)Antidepressant, SSRI: Fluoxetine is used to treat
depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (bothersome thoughts that won't go
away and the need to perform certain actions over and over), some eating
disorders, and panic attacks (sudden, unexpected attacks of extreme fear and worry
about these attacks). 7. Minimizing Adverse Effects of ACE inhibitors (RRA
Drugs): (1) withdrawing diuretics 2 to 3 days before initiating ACE inhibitors and (2)
using low initial doses. Monitor blood pressure for 2 hours following the first dose.
Instruct patients to lie down if hypotension develops. If necessary, infuse normal
saline to restore pressure.
- Warn patients about the possibility of persistent dry, irritating, nonproductive
cough. Instruct them to consult the prescriber if cough is bothersome.
,- Instruct patients to avoid potassium supplements and potassium-containing
salt substitutes unless they are prescribed by the provider.
- This rare and potentially fatal reaction is characterized by giant wheals and
edema of the tongue, glottis, and pharynx. Instruct patients to seek immediate
medical attention if these symptoms develop.
- Neutropenia poses a high risk of infection. Inform patients about early signs
of infection (fever, sore throat, mouth sores), and instruct them to notify the
prescriber if these occur.
8. Calcium Channel Blockers MOA: Block voltage-dependent L-type calcium
channels of cardiac and smooth muscle- decrease muscle contraction.
9. Calcium Channel Blockers therapeutic use:: - Angina
- Hypertension
- Verapamil and diltiazem may be used for atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, or SVT
10. Ongoing evaluation and interventions for Calcium Channel Blockers: -
Teach outpatients to chart the time, intensity, and circumstances of their attacks
and to notify the prescriber if attacks increase.
, - Teach patients to self-monitor their blood pressure and to maintain a blood
pressure record.
11. Minimizing Adverse Effects of Calcium Channel Blockers: - Inform patients
about manifestations of cardiac effects (e.g., slow heartbeat, shortness of breath,
weight gain) and instruct them to notify the prescriber if these occur.
- Inform patients about signs of edema (swelling in ankles or feet) and instruct
them to notify the prescriber if these occur.
- Advise patients that constipation can be minimized by increasing dietary fluid
and fiber.
12. True or False: Verapamil and diltiazem can cause bradycardia, AV
block, and heart failure.: TRUE
13. Minimizing adverse interactions for Calcium Channel Blockers: Digoxin
-increases the risk of partial or complete AV block.
Advise patients that it may be prudent to minimize grapefruit juice consumption.
Managing acute toxicity- Calcium channel blocker (CCB) overdose is often lethal.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% RATED CORRECT | 100%
VERFIED SOLUTIONS | ALREADY GRADED A+
1. ACE inhibitors are important drugs for treating:: hypertension, heart failure,
diabetic nephropathy, MI
2. Adverse effects of ACE inhibitors: first dose hypotension cough
hyperkalemia renal failure fetal injury
angioedema
Neutropenia (rare but serious complication)
3. MOA for ACE inhibitors: Inhibits the action of ACE, preventing the conversion
of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and the release of aldosterone, inhibiting
vasoconstriction.
4. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors: Benazepril Captopril
Enalapril
Lisinopril
Quinapril
Ramipril
,5. Ace inhibitors contraindicated: - Pregnancy
- bilateral renal artery stenosis (or stenosis in the artery to a single remaining
kidney) - hypersensitivity reactions (especially angioedema) to ACE inhibitors. -
renal impairment
-collagen vascular disease,
- patients taking potassium supplements and salt substitutes -potassium-
sparing diuretic and ARBs, aliskiren, or lithium.
6. Fluoxetine (Prozac)Antidepressant, SSRI: Fluoxetine is used to treat
depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (bothersome thoughts that won't go
away and the need to perform certain actions over and over), some eating
disorders, and panic attacks (sudden, unexpected attacks of extreme fear and worry
about these attacks). 7. Minimizing Adverse Effects of ACE inhibitors (RRA
Drugs): (1) withdrawing diuretics 2 to 3 days before initiating ACE inhibitors and (2)
using low initial doses. Monitor blood pressure for 2 hours following the first dose.
Instruct patients to lie down if hypotension develops. If necessary, infuse normal
saline to restore pressure.
- Warn patients about the possibility of persistent dry, irritating, nonproductive
cough. Instruct them to consult the prescriber if cough is bothersome.
,- Instruct patients to avoid potassium supplements and potassium-containing
salt substitutes unless they are prescribed by the provider.
- This rare and potentially fatal reaction is characterized by giant wheals and
edema of the tongue, glottis, and pharynx. Instruct patients to seek immediate
medical attention if these symptoms develop.
- Neutropenia poses a high risk of infection. Inform patients about early signs
of infection (fever, sore throat, mouth sores), and instruct them to notify the
prescriber if these occur.
8. Calcium Channel Blockers MOA: Block voltage-dependent L-type calcium
channels of cardiac and smooth muscle- decrease muscle contraction.
9. Calcium Channel Blockers therapeutic use:: - Angina
- Hypertension
- Verapamil and diltiazem may be used for atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, or SVT
10. Ongoing evaluation and interventions for Calcium Channel Blockers: -
Teach outpatients to chart the time, intensity, and circumstances of their attacks
and to notify the prescriber if attacks increase.
, - Teach patients to self-monitor their blood pressure and to maintain a blood
pressure record.
11. Minimizing Adverse Effects of Calcium Channel Blockers: - Inform patients
about manifestations of cardiac effects (e.g., slow heartbeat, shortness of breath,
weight gain) and instruct them to notify the prescriber if these occur.
- Inform patients about signs of edema (swelling in ankles or feet) and instruct
them to notify the prescriber if these occur.
- Advise patients that constipation can be minimized by increasing dietary fluid
and fiber.
12. True or False: Verapamil and diltiazem can cause bradycardia, AV
block, and heart failure.: TRUE
13. Minimizing adverse interactions for Calcium Channel Blockers: Digoxin
-increases the risk of partial or complete AV block.
Advise patients that it may be prudent to minimize grapefruit juice consumption.
Managing acute toxicity- Calcium channel blocker (CCB) overdose is often lethal.
