Paramedic Final Review SOE
Questions with Correct Answers
Lateral positioning - ANSWERSFarther from midline of the body
Medial positioning - ANSWERSMidline of the body
Ipsilateral positioning - ANSWERSSame side of the body
Contralateral positioning - ANSWERSOpposite side of the body
afterload - ANSWERSForce against which the ventricles must contract to eject blood.
Influenced by arterial blood pressure, distensibility, and arterial resistance.
Preload - ANSWERSVolume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole and
primarily reflects venous return.
Alpha one - ANSWERSCauses vasoconstriction
Alpha two - ANSWERSCause smooth muscle contraction
inhibits insulin release
induction of glucagon
suppression of norepinephrine release
Beta one - ANSWERSFound in the heart and kidneys.
Stimulation of the heart sites increases heart rate and cardiac output.
From the kidney it releases renin into the blood. (A powerful vasoconstrictor)
Beta two - ANSWERSFound in several locations.
In the lungs, they cause bronchodilation.
Acidosis - ANSWERSBlood pH lower than 7.35
(below 7 causes coma)
Alkalosis - ANSWERSBlood pH higher than 7.45
(above 7.8 causes uncontrollable and unstable skeletal muscle contractions)
Signs of DKA - ANSWERSFrequent urination
Hungry
, Thirsty
Dehydration
Vomiting
Loss of weight
Kussmaul respirations
Acetone smell
ECG findings for hyperkalemia - ANSWERSPeaked T waves
Flattened P waves
Prolonged PR intervals
ST depression
Prolonged QRS duration
Distributive Shock - ANSWERSCaused by widespread dilation
Anaphylactic Shock - ANSWERSHistamines and other Vasodilator proteins released
into the body following the exposure of an allergen.
Neurogenic Shock - ANSWERSCaused by spinal cord injuries.
Leads to loss of normal sympathetic nervous system tone and vasodilation.
Newborn respiratory distress - ANSWERSNasal flaring
abdominal expansion
Clear airway if possible and provide supplemental oxygen
Systolic Pressure - ANSWERSThe pressure during contraction of the ventricles
Diastolic Pressure - ANSWERSPressure at rest
Cardiac Output - ANSWERSHeart rate x stroke volume
Measured in LPM
Stroke Volume - ANSWERSThe volume of blood ejected with each ventricular
contraction.
Dehydration in an infant - ANSWERSPoor skin turgor
Absence of tears
Dry mucous membranes
Weight loss
Depressed fontanel
Decreased urinary output
Hypotonic fluids - ANSWERSSolution with a lower solute concentration
Questions with Correct Answers
Lateral positioning - ANSWERSFarther from midline of the body
Medial positioning - ANSWERSMidline of the body
Ipsilateral positioning - ANSWERSSame side of the body
Contralateral positioning - ANSWERSOpposite side of the body
afterload - ANSWERSForce against which the ventricles must contract to eject blood.
Influenced by arterial blood pressure, distensibility, and arterial resistance.
Preload - ANSWERSVolume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole and
primarily reflects venous return.
Alpha one - ANSWERSCauses vasoconstriction
Alpha two - ANSWERSCause smooth muscle contraction
inhibits insulin release
induction of glucagon
suppression of norepinephrine release
Beta one - ANSWERSFound in the heart and kidneys.
Stimulation of the heart sites increases heart rate and cardiac output.
From the kidney it releases renin into the blood. (A powerful vasoconstrictor)
Beta two - ANSWERSFound in several locations.
In the lungs, they cause bronchodilation.
Acidosis - ANSWERSBlood pH lower than 7.35
(below 7 causes coma)
Alkalosis - ANSWERSBlood pH higher than 7.45
(above 7.8 causes uncontrollable and unstable skeletal muscle contractions)
Signs of DKA - ANSWERSFrequent urination
Hungry
, Thirsty
Dehydration
Vomiting
Loss of weight
Kussmaul respirations
Acetone smell
ECG findings for hyperkalemia - ANSWERSPeaked T waves
Flattened P waves
Prolonged PR intervals
ST depression
Prolonged QRS duration
Distributive Shock - ANSWERSCaused by widespread dilation
Anaphylactic Shock - ANSWERSHistamines and other Vasodilator proteins released
into the body following the exposure of an allergen.
Neurogenic Shock - ANSWERSCaused by spinal cord injuries.
Leads to loss of normal sympathetic nervous system tone and vasodilation.
Newborn respiratory distress - ANSWERSNasal flaring
abdominal expansion
Clear airway if possible and provide supplemental oxygen
Systolic Pressure - ANSWERSThe pressure during contraction of the ventricles
Diastolic Pressure - ANSWERSPressure at rest
Cardiac Output - ANSWERSHeart rate x stroke volume
Measured in LPM
Stroke Volume - ANSWERSThe volume of blood ejected with each ventricular
contraction.
Dehydration in an infant - ANSWERSPoor skin turgor
Absence of tears
Dry mucous membranes
Weight loss
Depressed fontanel
Decreased urinary output
Hypotonic fluids - ANSWERSSolution with a lower solute concentration
