TEST BANK for Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Questions

L.O.10


Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

1) What is the term for metabolic pathways that release stored energy by
breaking down complex molecules?
A) anabolic pathways
B) catabolic pathways
C) fermentation pathways
D) thermodynamic
pathways Answer: B
2) The molecule that functions as the reducing agent (electron donor) in
a redox or oxidation-reduction reaction
A) gains electrons and gains potential energy.
B) loses electrons and loses potential energy.
C) gains electrons and loses potential energy.
D) loses electrons and gains potential energy.

Answer: B

3) When electrons move closer to a more electronegative atom, what happens?
A) The more electronegative atom is reduced, and energy is released.
B) The more electronegative atom is reduced, and energy is consumed.
C) The more electronegative atom is oxidized, and energy is consumed.
D) The more electronegative atom is oxidized, and energy is released.

Answer: A
4) Why does the oxidation of organic compounds by molecular oxygen to
produce CO2 and water release free energy?
A) The covalent bonds in organic molecules and molecular oxygen have
more kinetic energy than the covalent bonds in water and carbon dioxide.
B) Electrons are being moved from atoms that have a lower affinity for electrons
(such as
C) to atoms with a higher affinity for electrons (such as O).




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,C) The oxidation of organic compounds can be used to make ATP.
D) The electrons have a higher potential energy when associated
with water and CO2 than they do in organic compounds.

Answer: B

5) Which of the following statements describes the results of this
reaction? C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy
A) C6H12O6 is oxidized and O2 is reduced.
B) O2 is oxidized and H2O is reduced.
C) CO2 is reduced and O2 is oxidized.
D) C6H12O6 is reduced and CO2 is
oxidized. Answer: A

6) When a glucose molecule loses a hydrogen atom as the result of an
oxidation- reduction reaction, the molecule becomes
A) hydrolyzed.
B) hydrogenated.
C) oxidized.
D) reduced.

Answer: C

7) When a molecule of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) gains a
hydrogen atom (not a proton), the molecule becomes
A) dehydrogenated.
B) oxidized.
C) reduced.
D) redoxed.

Answer: C

8) Which of the following statements describes NAD+?
A) NAD+ is reduced to NADH during glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the
citric acid cycle.
B) NAD+ has more chemical energy than NADH.
C) NAD+ is oxidized by the action of hydrogenases.
D) NAD+ can donate electrons for use in oxidative phosphorylation.
E) In the absence of NAD+, glycolysis can still
function. Answer: A
Topic: Concept 9.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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,9) Where does glycolysis take place in eukaryotic cells?
A) mitochondrial matrix
B) mitochondrial outer membrane
C) mitochondrial inner membrane
D) cytosol
Answer: D

10) The ATP made during glycolysis is generated by
A) substrate-level phosphorylation.
B) electron transport.
C) photophosphorylation.
D) chemiosmosis.

Answer: A

11) The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly
in which process or event?
A) glycolysis
B) accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain
C) the citric acid cycle
D) the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl
CoA Answer: B

12) Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen
(O2) is present or absent?
A) electron transport
B) glycolysis
C) the citric acid cycle
D) oxidative
phosphorylation Answer:
B
13) An electron loses potential energy when it
A) shifts to a less electronegative atom.
B) shifts to a more electronegative atom.
C) increases its kinetic energy.
D) increases its activity as an oxidizing agent.

Answer: B


14) Why are carbohydrates and fats considered high energy foods?
A) They have a lot of oxygen atoms.
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, B) They have no nitrogen in their makeup.
C) They can have very long carbon skeletons.
D) They have a lot of electrons associated with hydrogen.

Answer: D

15) Substrate-level phosphorylation accounts for approximately what
percentage of the ATP formed by the reactions of glycolysis?
A) 0%
B) 2%
C) 10%
D) 100%
Answer: D

16) During glycolysis, when each molecule of glucose is catabolized to two
molecules of pyruvate, most of the potential energy contained in glucose is
A) transferred to ADP, forming ATP.
B) transferred directly to ATP.
C) retained in the two pyruvates.
D) stored in the NADH produced.

Answer: C

17) In addition to ATP, what are the end products of glycolysis?
A) CO2 and H2O
B) CO2 and pyruvate
C) NADH and pyruvate
D) CO2 and NADH

Answer: C

18) The free energy for the oxidation of glucose to CO2 and water is -686
kcal/mol and the free energy for the reduction of NAD+ to NADH is +53
kcal/mol. Why are only two molecules of NADH formed during glycolysis when
it appears that as many as a dozen could be formed?
A) Most of the free energy available from the oxidation of glucose is
used in the production of ATP in glycolysis.
B) Glycolysis is a very inefficient reaction, with much of the energy of glucose
released as heat.
C) Most of the free energy available from the oxidation of glucose remains in
pyruvate, one of the products of glycolysis.
D) There is no CO2 or water produced as products of glycolysis.
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