PAEA EOC & SUMMATIVE PRACTICE/PAEA EOC 2025, PAEA
SUMMATIVE PRACTICE EXAM UPDATE/PRACTICE QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS(COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS)ASSURED SUCCESS/GRADED A+!!!
PAEA EOC.
what exactly causes the occlusive vascular disease of thromboangiitis obliterans? - -
ANS - -aka Buerger's disease
inflammatory thrombi affecting the medium and small vessels (nonatherosclerosis)
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, microabscesses, and multinucleated giant cells may
be presen
Treatment options for thromboangiitis obliterans? - - ANS - -smoking cessation most
important!
cilostazol (PDE 3 inhibitor) has vasodilator properties (alleviated symptoms)
if raynauds also present, CCB (nifedipine)
what heart failure treatment provides a benefit of reduction in morbidity and
mortality? - - ANS - -ACE inhibitors
beta blockers can also reduce M&M
,diuretics have no reduction in mortality
how would you manage a patient with a MI in the setting of cocaine use? - - ANS - -
benzodiazepine early
no beta blockers
If PCI cannot be done for a STEMI patient within 120 minutes, what should be done? - -
ANS - -fibrolytic therapy
then do PCI & coronary angiography when it can be done
ideally PCI is done within 90 minutes
fibrolytic therapy can be used up to 12 hours of symptoms
If you suspect an acute limb ischemia due to arterial embolism, what imaging should
you get? - - ANS - -catheter-based arteriography (digital subtraction arteriography)
provides the most useful information. can also help with treatment
can help distinguish between thrombosis and embolus
where are arterial emboli often found? - - ANS - -lower extremities more common
than upper extremities
,The common femoral, common iliac, and popliteal artery bifurcations are frequent
locations
majority originate in the heart
fun fact: Compared with thromboemboli, atheroemboli are less likely to produce
symptoms of acute limb ischemia
how would you work up a patient with treatment resistant hypertension that you
suspect a secondary cause? - - ANS - -24-hour ambulatory monitoring (to ensure not
white coat)
medical hx (assess adherence to meds, other meds)
physical exam (look for abominal/renal bruits)
labs (electrolytes, glucose, creatinine, UA)
If pheo suspected: measure fractionated metanephrines and catecholamines in a 24-
hour urine collection
other than atherosclerosis leading to renal artery stenosis and secondary HTN, what
is another causes of a renal-associated secondary HTN? - - ANS - -fibromuscular
dysplasia (usually in a young pt)
most important modifable risk factor for AAA? - - ANS - -smoking cessation!
, when is it okay to do screening survelliance for AAA rather than repair and how often
should you screen? - - ANS - -if AAA is <5.5 cm then annual screening with US is
recommended. may need every 6 months if rapidly expanding or other concerns
how should you educate a patient with AAA on exercise? - - ANS - -Patients should
be counseled that moderate physical activity such as running, biking, swimming,
hiking, or sexual activity and activities such as gardening, golfing, and horseback
riding do not precipitate AAA rupture
Moderate physical therapy may also limit aneurysm expansion. In experimental
aneurysms, increased aortic blood flow appears to inhibit AAA expansion
However, heavy lifting, especially while holding the breath, and other activities that
lead to Valsalva transiently induce significant increases in blood pressure and should
be avoided
gold standard for dx renal artery stenosis? what can be used to monitor disease
progression? - - ANS - -renal arteriography
But really a spiral CT angiography is very useful and probably more likely done first
duplex doppler US can be used to monitor disease progression
what are some symptoms of mitral valve prolapse syndrome? - - ANS - -various
nonspecific symptoms such as palpitations, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, anxiety
disorders, and dizziness
SUMMATIVE PRACTICE EXAM UPDATE/PRACTICE QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS(COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS)ASSURED SUCCESS/GRADED A+!!!
PAEA EOC.
what exactly causes the occlusive vascular disease of thromboangiitis obliterans? - -
ANS - -aka Buerger's disease
inflammatory thrombi affecting the medium and small vessels (nonatherosclerosis)
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, microabscesses, and multinucleated giant cells may
be presen
Treatment options for thromboangiitis obliterans? - - ANS - -smoking cessation most
important!
cilostazol (PDE 3 inhibitor) has vasodilator properties (alleviated symptoms)
if raynauds also present, CCB (nifedipine)
what heart failure treatment provides a benefit of reduction in morbidity and
mortality? - - ANS - -ACE inhibitors
beta blockers can also reduce M&M
,diuretics have no reduction in mortality
how would you manage a patient with a MI in the setting of cocaine use? - - ANS - -
benzodiazepine early
no beta blockers
If PCI cannot be done for a STEMI patient within 120 minutes, what should be done? - -
ANS - -fibrolytic therapy
then do PCI & coronary angiography when it can be done
ideally PCI is done within 90 minutes
fibrolytic therapy can be used up to 12 hours of symptoms
If you suspect an acute limb ischemia due to arterial embolism, what imaging should
you get? - - ANS - -catheter-based arteriography (digital subtraction arteriography)
provides the most useful information. can also help with treatment
can help distinguish between thrombosis and embolus
where are arterial emboli often found? - - ANS - -lower extremities more common
than upper extremities
,The common femoral, common iliac, and popliteal artery bifurcations are frequent
locations
majority originate in the heart
fun fact: Compared with thromboemboli, atheroemboli are less likely to produce
symptoms of acute limb ischemia
how would you work up a patient with treatment resistant hypertension that you
suspect a secondary cause? - - ANS - -24-hour ambulatory monitoring (to ensure not
white coat)
medical hx (assess adherence to meds, other meds)
physical exam (look for abominal/renal bruits)
labs (electrolytes, glucose, creatinine, UA)
If pheo suspected: measure fractionated metanephrines and catecholamines in a 24-
hour urine collection
other than atherosclerosis leading to renal artery stenosis and secondary HTN, what
is another causes of a renal-associated secondary HTN? - - ANS - -fibromuscular
dysplasia (usually in a young pt)
most important modifable risk factor for AAA? - - ANS - -smoking cessation!
, when is it okay to do screening survelliance for AAA rather than repair and how often
should you screen? - - ANS - -if AAA is <5.5 cm then annual screening with US is
recommended. may need every 6 months if rapidly expanding or other concerns
how should you educate a patient with AAA on exercise? - - ANS - -Patients should
be counseled that moderate physical activity such as running, biking, swimming,
hiking, or sexual activity and activities such as gardening, golfing, and horseback
riding do not precipitate AAA rupture
Moderate physical therapy may also limit aneurysm expansion. In experimental
aneurysms, increased aortic blood flow appears to inhibit AAA expansion
However, heavy lifting, especially while holding the breath, and other activities that
lead to Valsalva transiently induce significant increases in blood pressure and should
be avoided
gold standard for dx renal artery stenosis? what can be used to monitor disease
progression? - - ANS - -renal arteriography
But really a spiral CT angiography is very useful and probably more likely done first
duplex doppler US can be used to monitor disease progression
what are some symptoms of mitral valve prolapse syndrome? - - ANS - -various
nonspecific symptoms such as palpitations, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, anxiety
disorders, and dizziness
