SFO Benchmark #3 Final Exam
Questions and All Correct Answers.
Intervene - Answer to come between two events or parties or to intentionally become
involved in a situation to improve it or prevent it from getting worse
Intercede - Answer to plead on someone else's behalf
Legal Requirement (Duty to Intervene) - Answer Excessive Force or Constitutional Violation +
Perception + Time = Duty to Intervene
Circumstances in which Duty to Intervene applies - Answer -Violation of a person’s
constitutional rights
-Use of unreasonable or unnecessary force
-Unlawful/False Arrest
-Deprivation of medical care
Penalties for not intervening - Answer -Administrative leave (Suspension, Termination,
Demotion, Loss of certification)
-Criminally liable
-Civilly liable
Sanctity of Life - Answer -Kneeling on the neck
-Kneeling on the spine for an extended period of time
-Striking a subject who is in handcuffs
-Leaving handcuffed subject lying prone
5 Stages of Intervening - Answer -Notice something is happening
-Interpret event as one in which intervention is necessary
-Recognize intervention is necessary
-Decide how to intervene
,Intervention not always possible - Answer -Events unfold in seconds
-Unanticipated gunfire
-Single strike
Primary Community Dimensions - Answer -Race
-Definition
-National Origin
-Immigration Status
-Gender
-Gender identity/expression
-Sexual orientation
-Religion
-Socioeconomic status
-Age
-Disability
Secondary Community Dimensions - Answer ● Educational background
● Work experience
● Marital status
● Parental status
● Geographic location
● Health status
● Personal habits
● Recreational habits
● Appearance
● Political affiliation
● Food preference
Fugitive Slave Act - Answer (1850) a law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed
for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to
slaveholders.
, Challenges to Police/Community Interactions - Answer -Language Barriers
-Fear from how police may have acted in the country of origin
-Federal immigration enforcement
-Lack of awareness of cultural differences
-Negative Experiences with individual officers
Impact of Negative Perceptions of Police - Answer -willingness to break the law
-mistrust of police
-refusal to cooperate with officers
-resistance against obeying lawful orders
Assigned Sex - Answer Biological and physiological characteristics that define an individual as
male or female at birth
Gender Expression - Answer person represents or communicates their gender to others, often
through behavior, clothing, hairstyles, activities, voices, mannerisms, or physical characteristics
Gender Identity - Answer persons internal sense of gender may differ from ones assigned sex
Gender Nonconforming - Answer individual whose gender expression, gender characteristics,
or gender identity do not conform to gender stereotypes
Sexual Orientation - Answer persons physical, romantic, or emotional attraction to members
of the same or different gender
Transgender - Answer umbrella term that describes individuals whose gender identity differs
from their assigned sex at birth
Hate Crime - Answer any crime enumerated in a hate crime statue in which a perpetrator is
subject to an enhanced penalty because the crime was motivated by improper bias.
(Perpetrator intentionally selects the victim or property on the basis of a personal
characteristics)
Questions and All Correct Answers.
Intervene - Answer to come between two events or parties or to intentionally become
involved in a situation to improve it or prevent it from getting worse
Intercede - Answer to plead on someone else's behalf
Legal Requirement (Duty to Intervene) - Answer Excessive Force or Constitutional Violation +
Perception + Time = Duty to Intervene
Circumstances in which Duty to Intervene applies - Answer -Violation of a person’s
constitutional rights
-Use of unreasonable or unnecessary force
-Unlawful/False Arrest
-Deprivation of medical care
Penalties for not intervening - Answer -Administrative leave (Suspension, Termination,
Demotion, Loss of certification)
-Criminally liable
-Civilly liable
Sanctity of Life - Answer -Kneeling on the neck
-Kneeling on the spine for an extended period of time
-Striking a subject who is in handcuffs
-Leaving handcuffed subject lying prone
5 Stages of Intervening - Answer -Notice something is happening
-Interpret event as one in which intervention is necessary
-Recognize intervention is necessary
-Decide how to intervene
,Intervention not always possible - Answer -Events unfold in seconds
-Unanticipated gunfire
-Single strike
Primary Community Dimensions - Answer -Race
-Definition
-National Origin
-Immigration Status
-Gender
-Gender identity/expression
-Sexual orientation
-Religion
-Socioeconomic status
-Age
-Disability
Secondary Community Dimensions - Answer ● Educational background
● Work experience
● Marital status
● Parental status
● Geographic location
● Health status
● Personal habits
● Recreational habits
● Appearance
● Political affiliation
● Food preference
Fugitive Slave Act - Answer (1850) a law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed
for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to
slaveholders.
, Challenges to Police/Community Interactions - Answer -Language Barriers
-Fear from how police may have acted in the country of origin
-Federal immigration enforcement
-Lack of awareness of cultural differences
-Negative Experiences with individual officers
Impact of Negative Perceptions of Police - Answer -willingness to break the law
-mistrust of police
-refusal to cooperate with officers
-resistance against obeying lawful orders
Assigned Sex - Answer Biological and physiological characteristics that define an individual as
male or female at birth
Gender Expression - Answer person represents or communicates their gender to others, often
through behavior, clothing, hairstyles, activities, voices, mannerisms, or physical characteristics
Gender Identity - Answer persons internal sense of gender may differ from ones assigned sex
Gender Nonconforming - Answer individual whose gender expression, gender characteristics,
or gender identity do not conform to gender stereotypes
Sexual Orientation - Answer persons physical, romantic, or emotional attraction to members
of the same or different gender
Transgender - Answer umbrella term that describes individuals whose gender identity differs
from their assigned sex at birth
Hate Crime - Answer any crime enumerated in a hate crime statue in which a perpetrator is
subject to an enhanced penalty because the crime was motivated by improper bias.
(Perpetrator intentionally selects the victim or property on the basis of a personal
characteristics)
