Ortho NCLEX Questions with 100% Verified Answers Graded A+
A retired 66- year- old female patient is being molasses provides high- quality calcium and is
evaluated for osteoporosis as part of a yearly recommended for a patient experiencing
physical exam. The patient states that she is a menopause in order to decrease the risk of
smoker, watches television for most of the day, osteoporosis. A diet with seafood, wheat, corn,
and has been hospitalized twice with fractures and green vegetables is more concentrated in
within the last year. Based on this information, carbohydrates than proteins containing more
the nurse suspects which condition? calcium. A diet with chicken, green vegetables,
sardines, and broccoli contains some calcium but
A.Low bone mass leading to increased bone is lower than the other option. Foods such as
fragility fresh fruits, English muffins, black beans, and
B.Degeneration of the articular cartilage asparagus are inadequate in calcium.
C.Recurrent attacks of acute arthritis
D.Personality changes caused by chronic nature
of illness - ANSWER -A. Low bone mass
leading to increased bone fragility A patient with osteoporosis has been advised to
' increase the amount of calcium in her diet. Which
food provides the most calcium?
Low bone mass, structural deterioration of bone An 8- oz glass of milk
tissue leading to bone fragility, and increased An ounce of cheddar cheese
susceptibility to fractures are seen with A half cup of raw broccoli
osteoporosis. The patient also has risk factors A 4- ounce salmon croquette - ANSWER -
associated with osteoporosis: smoking, Answer A is correct. An 8-ounce glass of milk
sedentary lifestyle, and being female and contains 290mg of calcium. Answers B, C, and D
menopausal. Degenerative changes are contain lesser amounts; therefore, they are
associated with frequent exacerbations of incorrect. (Note: An ounce of cheddar cheese
arthritis. There is no indication of personality contains 205 mg of calcium; half a cup of raw
change in this patient. broccoli contains 175mg of calcium; and 4
ounces of salmon croquette contains 165 mg of
calcium).
The nurse determines that a 55- year-old female
patient is experiencing menopause and is also at
risk for osteoporosis. What foods other than milk Which of the following instructions should be
can the nurse suggest to this patient to increase included for the patient taking calcium
calcium intake? supplements?
A. Seafood, wheat, corn, green vegetables A.The patient should take her calcium with meals
B. Chicken vegetables, green vegetables, pasta, B.The patient should take all her daily calcium
broccoli supplements at one time
C. Green vegetables, sardines, salmon with C.The patient should take her calcium
bone, molasses supplement after meals to prevent stomach upset
D. Fresh fruits, English muffins, black beans, D.The patient can use calcium- based antacids
asparagus - ANSWER -Answer C is for supplement. - ANSWER -Rationale:
correct. Women of menopausal age are at risk Answer D is correct. Many people prefer to
for osteoporosis, and foods high in calcium supplement their calcium intake with calcium-
should be encouraged. A diet with green based antacids. If calcium supplements are used,
vegetables, sardines, salmon with bone, and they should be administered 30 minutes before
1/8
, Ortho NCLEX Questions with 100% Verified Answers Graded A+
meals to maximize absorption, so answer A is A. 10 minutes
wrong. Calcium absorption is better if it is B. 20 minutes
administered throughout the day rather than in a C. 30 minutes
single dose, making answer B wrong. Calcium D. 120 minutes - ANSWER -30 minutes
supplements do not cause stomach upset, so
answer C is wrong. Bisphosphonates are administered on arising in
the morning with a full glass of water on an empty
stomach, and the patient must stay upright for 30
to 60 minutes.
Alendronate (Fosamax) is ordered for a patient
with osteoporosis. Which information should the
nurse teach the patient about the medication?
A. Acts as a selective estrogen receptor When caring for a client with hypocalcemia, the
modulator nurse should assess for:
B. Reduces risk of invasive breast cancer A. A decreased level of consciousness
C. May be obtained as a nasal spray B. Tetany
D. Inhibits bone resorption - ANSWER - C. Bradycardia
Alendronate (Fosamax), a bisphosphonate, is a D. Respiratory Depression - ANSWER -
potent inhibitor of bone resorption that preserves Answer B is correct. The most common
bone mass and increases bone density. complication of hypocalcemia is overstimulation
Raloxifene (Evista) is an example of a selective of the nerves and muscles. Tetany, which can
estrogen receptor modulator that is used to treat progress to convulsions, indicated that the
osteoporosis, and which also reduces the risk of patient's condition is worsening. Answer A is
invasive breast cancer. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) is incorrect because a decreased level of
dispensed as a nasal spray. consciousness is not associated with
hypocalcemia. Tachycardia, not bradycardia, is
associated with hypocalcemia, making answer C
incorrect. Answer D is incorrect because
The nurse is caring for a patient with respiratory depression is not directly related to
osteoporosis who is being discharged on hypocalcemia.
alendronate (Fosamax). Which statement would
indicate effective teaching?
A. "I should take the medication immediately
before bed" A patient has been diagnosised with
B. "I should remain in an upright position for 30 osteomalacia. What symptoms does the nurse
minutes after taking the medication" recognize that correlate with the diagnosis?
C. "The medication is more effective if I take it A. Bone fractures and kyphosis
with milk or dairy products" B. Bone pain and tenderness
D. If I skip a dose, I can take two tablets the next C. Muscle Weakness and spasms
time" - ANSWER -Answer: B- Rationale D. Softened and compressed vertebrae -
should remain upright for 30 mins. ANSWER -Rationale: Answer B is correct.
How long does a patient taking bisphosphonates The patient who is taking alendronate (Fosamax)
need to stay upright after administration? is at
2/8
A retired 66- year- old female patient is being molasses provides high- quality calcium and is
evaluated for osteoporosis as part of a yearly recommended for a patient experiencing
physical exam. The patient states that she is a menopause in order to decrease the risk of
smoker, watches television for most of the day, osteoporosis. A diet with seafood, wheat, corn,
and has been hospitalized twice with fractures and green vegetables is more concentrated in
within the last year. Based on this information, carbohydrates than proteins containing more
the nurse suspects which condition? calcium. A diet with chicken, green vegetables,
sardines, and broccoli contains some calcium but
A.Low bone mass leading to increased bone is lower than the other option. Foods such as
fragility fresh fruits, English muffins, black beans, and
B.Degeneration of the articular cartilage asparagus are inadequate in calcium.
C.Recurrent attacks of acute arthritis
D.Personality changes caused by chronic nature
of illness - ANSWER -A. Low bone mass
leading to increased bone fragility A patient with osteoporosis has been advised to
' increase the amount of calcium in her diet. Which
food provides the most calcium?
Low bone mass, structural deterioration of bone An 8- oz glass of milk
tissue leading to bone fragility, and increased An ounce of cheddar cheese
susceptibility to fractures are seen with A half cup of raw broccoli
osteoporosis. The patient also has risk factors A 4- ounce salmon croquette - ANSWER -
associated with osteoporosis: smoking, Answer A is correct. An 8-ounce glass of milk
sedentary lifestyle, and being female and contains 290mg of calcium. Answers B, C, and D
menopausal. Degenerative changes are contain lesser amounts; therefore, they are
associated with frequent exacerbations of incorrect. (Note: An ounce of cheddar cheese
arthritis. There is no indication of personality contains 205 mg of calcium; half a cup of raw
change in this patient. broccoli contains 175mg of calcium; and 4
ounces of salmon croquette contains 165 mg of
calcium).
The nurse determines that a 55- year-old female
patient is experiencing menopause and is also at
risk for osteoporosis. What foods other than milk Which of the following instructions should be
can the nurse suggest to this patient to increase included for the patient taking calcium
calcium intake? supplements?
A. Seafood, wheat, corn, green vegetables A.The patient should take her calcium with meals
B. Chicken vegetables, green vegetables, pasta, B.The patient should take all her daily calcium
broccoli supplements at one time
C. Green vegetables, sardines, salmon with C.The patient should take her calcium
bone, molasses supplement after meals to prevent stomach upset
D. Fresh fruits, English muffins, black beans, D.The patient can use calcium- based antacids
asparagus - ANSWER -Answer C is for supplement. - ANSWER -Rationale:
correct. Women of menopausal age are at risk Answer D is correct. Many people prefer to
for osteoporosis, and foods high in calcium supplement their calcium intake with calcium-
should be encouraged. A diet with green based antacids. If calcium supplements are used,
vegetables, sardines, salmon with bone, and they should be administered 30 minutes before
1/8
, Ortho NCLEX Questions with 100% Verified Answers Graded A+
meals to maximize absorption, so answer A is A. 10 minutes
wrong. Calcium absorption is better if it is B. 20 minutes
administered throughout the day rather than in a C. 30 minutes
single dose, making answer B wrong. Calcium D. 120 minutes - ANSWER -30 minutes
supplements do not cause stomach upset, so
answer C is wrong. Bisphosphonates are administered on arising in
the morning with a full glass of water on an empty
stomach, and the patient must stay upright for 30
to 60 minutes.
Alendronate (Fosamax) is ordered for a patient
with osteoporosis. Which information should the
nurse teach the patient about the medication?
A. Acts as a selective estrogen receptor When caring for a client with hypocalcemia, the
modulator nurse should assess for:
B. Reduces risk of invasive breast cancer A. A decreased level of consciousness
C. May be obtained as a nasal spray B. Tetany
D. Inhibits bone resorption - ANSWER - C. Bradycardia
Alendronate (Fosamax), a bisphosphonate, is a D. Respiratory Depression - ANSWER -
potent inhibitor of bone resorption that preserves Answer B is correct. The most common
bone mass and increases bone density. complication of hypocalcemia is overstimulation
Raloxifene (Evista) is an example of a selective of the nerves and muscles. Tetany, which can
estrogen receptor modulator that is used to treat progress to convulsions, indicated that the
osteoporosis, and which also reduces the risk of patient's condition is worsening. Answer A is
invasive breast cancer. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) is incorrect because a decreased level of
dispensed as a nasal spray. consciousness is not associated with
hypocalcemia. Tachycardia, not bradycardia, is
associated with hypocalcemia, making answer C
incorrect. Answer D is incorrect because
The nurse is caring for a patient with respiratory depression is not directly related to
osteoporosis who is being discharged on hypocalcemia.
alendronate (Fosamax). Which statement would
indicate effective teaching?
A. "I should take the medication immediately
before bed" A patient has been diagnosised with
B. "I should remain in an upright position for 30 osteomalacia. What symptoms does the nurse
minutes after taking the medication" recognize that correlate with the diagnosis?
C. "The medication is more effective if I take it A. Bone fractures and kyphosis
with milk or dairy products" B. Bone pain and tenderness
D. If I skip a dose, I can take two tablets the next C. Muscle Weakness and spasms
time" - ANSWER -Answer: B- Rationale D. Softened and compressed vertebrae -
should remain upright for 30 mins. ANSWER -Rationale: Answer B is correct.
How long does a patient taking bisphosphonates The patient who is taking alendronate (Fosamax)
need to stay upright after administration? is at
2/8
