Nursing1118 Unit 2 Exam Questions And
Verified Answers
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD or CHD) - answer caused by impaired blood flow to the
myocardium; accumulation of atherosclerotic plaque in arteries
atherosclerosis - answer plaque formation
CAD men - answer 45 or older
CAD women - answer 55 or older
CAD cause - answer cause is unknown
CAD non-modifiable risk factors - answer age
gender
race/ethnicity
heredity
personality type
premature menopause
CAD modifiable risk factors - answer diabetes (type 1 & 2)
hypertension
hyperlipidemia
obesity
physical inactivity
personality type
premature menopause
smoking
smoking - answer vasoconstriction
,decrease oxygen carrying capacity of blood (HgB)
smoking deaths - answer responsible for more deaths from CHD than lung cancer or
pulmonary disease
causes of smoking - answer Increases:
Blood viscosity
Catecholamine release
Cholesterol deposition
C-reactive protein
Fibrinogen
LDL
Monocyte adhesion
Platelet aggregation
Increase cholesterol deposition - answer due to carbon monoxide damaging vascular
endothelium
nicotine - answer stimulates release of catecholamine
increased release of catecholamine - answer Increases:
BP
HR
myocardial oxygen use
Platelet aggregation - answer Increases thrombus formation
homocysteine - answer type of amino acid you mostly get from eating meat
high levels linked to heart disease
CAD emerging risk factors - answer Increased:
hs-CRP
,homosysteine level
fibrinogen levels
triglyceride levels (150-500 mg/dL)
reduced homocysteine level - answer folic acid
B12
B6
hs-CRP (high sensitivity C-reactive protein) - answer Inflammatory marker
This protein is an indicator for coronary artery disease
CAD pathophysiology - answer -Injury to vessel
-Clot occurs at injury site
-Damage of wall promotes adhesion and aggregation of platelets
-Wall thickens and abnormal accumulation of blood lipids
-Plaque builds up
CAD prevention - answer 1. Weight Management
2. Moderate Alcohol Consumption
3. Increase Physical Activity
4. Smoking Cessation
5. Control BP & BG
6. Cholesterol <200
HDL - answer should be 35 or higher
LDL - answer should be less than 130
diet & weight management - answer low fat
, low cholesterol
heart healthy diet
BMI
decrease glucose & insulin levels, BP, LDL, triglycerides
increase HDL
heart healthy diet - answer 30% or less from fats
55% from CHO
15% from proteins
moderate BMI - answer >25-29.9 kg/m2
high BMI - answer >30 kg/m2
high in saturated fat - answer whole milk products, red meat, coconut oil
Smoking cessation - answer -reduces risk for CHD within months of quitting
-improves HDL
-reduces LDL & blood viscosity
5 A's for smoking cessation - answer Ask
Advise
Assess
Assist
Arrange
minimum physical activity - answer 30-60 minutes, 3-4 times/week
optimum physical activity - answer 30-60 minutes, daily
causes of exercise - answer decrease VLDL, LDL, & triglycerides
decrease BP & insulin resistance
increase HDL
Verified Answers
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD or CHD) - answer caused by impaired blood flow to the
myocardium; accumulation of atherosclerotic plaque in arteries
atherosclerosis - answer plaque formation
CAD men - answer 45 or older
CAD women - answer 55 or older
CAD cause - answer cause is unknown
CAD non-modifiable risk factors - answer age
gender
race/ethnicity
heredity
personality type
premature menopause
CAD modifiable risk factors - answer diabetes (type 1 & 2)
hypertension
hyperlipidemia
obesity
physical inactivity
personality type
premature menopause
smoking
smoking - answer vasoconstriction
,decrease oxygen carrying capacity of blood (HgB)
smoking deaths - answer responsible for more deaths from CHD than lung cancer or
pulmonary disease
causes of smoking - answer Increases:
Blood viscosity
Catecholamine release
Cholesterol deposition
C-reactive protein
Fibrinogen
LDL
Monocyte adhesion
Platelet aggregation
Increase cholesterol deposition - answer due to carbon monoxide damaging vascular
endothelium
nicotine - answer stimulates release of catecholamine
increased release of catecholamine - answer Increases:
BP
HR
myocardial oxygen use
Platelet aggregation - answer Increases thrombus formation
homocysteine - answer type of amino acid you mostly get from eating meat
high levels linked to heart disease
CAD emerging risk factors - answer Increased:
hs-CRP
,homosysteine level
fibrinogen levels
triglyceride levels (150-500 mg/dL)
reduced homocysteine level - answer folic acid
B12
B6
hs-CRP (high sensitivity C-reactive protein) - answer Inflammatory marker
This protein is an indicator for coronary artery disease
CAD pathophysiology - answer -Injury to vessel
-Clot occurs at injury site
-Damage of wall promotes adhesion and aggregation of platelets
-Wall thickens and abnormal accumulation of blood lipids
-Plaque builds up
CAD prevention - answer 1. Weight Management
2. Moderate Alcohol Consumption
3. Increase Physical Activity
4. Smoking Cessation
5. Control BP & BG
6. Cholesterol <200
HDL - answer should be 35 or higher
LDL - answer should be less than 130
diet & weight management - answer low fat
, low cholesterol
heart healthy diet
BMI
decrease glucose & insulin levels, BP, LDL, triglycerides
increase HDL
heart healthy diet - answer 30% or less from fats
55% from CHO
15% from proteins
moderate BMI - answer >25-29.9 kg/m2
high BMI - answer >30 kg/m2
high in saturated fat - answer whole milk products, red meat, coconut oil
Smoking cessation - answer -reduces risk for CHD within months of quitting
-improves HDL
-reduces LDL & blood viscosity
5 A's for smoking cessation - answer Ask
Advise
Assess
Assist
Arrange
minimum physical activity - answer 30-60 minutes, 3-4 times/week
optimum physical activity - answer 30-60 minutes, daily
causes of exercise - answer decrease VLDL, LDL, & triglycerides
decrease BP & insulin resistance
increase HDL
