Albinism - CORRECT ANSWER - genetic lack of melanin
Apocrine glands - CORRECT ANSWER - open into hair follicles in anal
region, groin, and armpits
Appendicular skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - appendages (bones of
the upper and lower limbs and shoulder, hip bones)
Appositional growth - CORRECT ANSWER - bone growth in diameter
and thickness through growth of new tissue at the surface
Axial Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - Forms the long axis of the body
(skull, vertebral column, rib cage)
Calcitonin - CORRECT ANSWER - secreted by thyroid gland when blood
calcium levels are too high
Calcitrol (vitamin D) - CORRECT ANSWER - promotes intestinal calcium
absorption, reduced excretion of calcium in urine
,Canaliculi - CORRECT ANSWER - hair like canals that connect osteocytes
within an osteon
Central canal - CORRECT ANSWER - small blood vessels and nerves
that runs through each osteon
Closed (simple) Fracture - CORRECT ANSWER - completely internal
Compact bone - CORRECT ANSWER - dense outer layer that looks
smooth and solid
Complete fracture - CORRECT ANSWER - bone is broken through
Cyanosis - CORRECT ANSWER - blueness of skin due to deficiency of
oxygen
Define: Vasoconstriction - CORRECT ANSWER - narrowing of blood
vessels, reduces heat loss
Define: Vasodilation - CORRECT ANSWER - widening of blood vessels,
increases heat loss
, Dendritic cells (functions and 2nd name) - CORRECT ANSWER -
macrophages (big phagocytic cells) that kill microbes
Describe bone resorption? - CORRECT ANSWER - Osteoclasts secrete
lysosomal enzymes that digest the organic matrix and metabolic acids
that digest calcium salts (release calcium)
Describe the change in bone marrow as bones age? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Red bone marrow becomes yellow bone marrow that can't
produce blood cells
Describe the evolution of skin color - CORRECT ANSWER - Strong
correlation between skin color and strength of sunlight across the globe;
people in north evolved fair skin to absorb more UV light for vitamin D
production, dark skin in tropics to block out sun
Describe what happens during appositional growth - CORRECT
ANSWER - Osteoblasts in periosteum secrete bone matrix on external
surface of the bone
Osteoclasts on endosteal (internal) surface remove bone
- More buildup than broken down, bone gets thicker
Apocrine glands - CORRECT ANSWER - open into hair follicles in anal
region, groin, and armpits
Appendicular skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - appendages (bones of
the upper and lower limbs and shoulder, hip bones)
Appositional growth - CORRECT ANSWER - bone growth in diameter
and thickness through growth of new tissue at the surface
Axial Skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - Forms the long axis of the body
(skull, vertebral column, rib cage)
Calcitonin - CORRECT ANSWER - secreted by thyroid gland when blood
calcium levels are too high
Calcitrol (vitamin D) - CORRECT ANSWER - promotes intestinal calcium
absorption, reduced excretion of calcium in urine
,Canaliculi - CORRECT ANSWER - hair like canals that connect osteocytes
within an osteon
Central canal - CORRECT ANSWER - small blood vessels and nerves
that runs through each osteon
Closed (simple) Fracture - CORRECT ANSWER - completely internal
Compact bone - CORRECT ANSWER - dense outer layer that looks
smooth and solid
Complete fracture - CORRECT ANSWER - bone is broken through
Cyanosis - CORRECT ANSWER - blueness of skin due to deficiency of
oxygen
Define: Vasoconstriction - CORRECT ANSWER - narrowing of blood
vessels, reduces heat loss
Define: Vasodilation - CORRECT ANSWER - widening of blood vessels,
increases heat loss
, Dendritic cells (functions and 2nd name) - CORRECT ANSWER -
macrophages (big phagocytic cells) that kill microbes
Describe bone resorption? - CORRECT ANSWER - Osteoclasts secrete
lysosomal enzymes that digest the organic matrix and metabolic acids
that digest calcium salts (release calcium)
Describe the change in bone marrow as bones age? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Red bone marrow becomes yellow bone marrow that can't
produce blood cells
Describe the evolution of skin color - CORRECT ANSWER - Strong
correlation between skin color and strength of sunlight across the globe;
people in north evolved fair skin to absorb more UV light for vitamin D
production, dark skin in tropics to block out sun
Describe what happens during appositional growth - CORRECT
ANSWER - Osteoblasts in periosteum secrete bone matrix on external
surface of the bone
Osteoclasts on endosteal (internal) surface remove bone
- More buildup than broken down, bone gets thicker
