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MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING CONCEPTS FOR
INTERPROFESSIONAL COLLABORATIVE CARE
9TH EDITION CHAPTER 2; COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2025
Alveoli - correct-answer-As adults age, what loses elasticity causing a decrease in
gas exchange?
Normal functioning central (brain and spinal cord) neurons, normal diaphragm
function, adequate skeletal muscle contractility (especially the intercostal muscles
between the ribs), and an intact chest thorax - correct-answer-What does
adequate ventilation require?
Acute or chronic problems affecting central neurons, diaphragm function, or
skeletal muscle contractility, aging (loss of pulmonary alveoli elasticity), lung
diseases, smoking, environmental pollutant exposure, and prolonged immobility -
correct-answer-Risk factors for decreased gas exchange include:
inadequate transportation of oxygen to body cells and organs and/or retention of
carbon dioxide - correct-answer-What does decreased gas exchange result in?
Arterial blood gasses (ABGs) and complete blood count (CBC); when necessary a
chest x-ray, chest computerized tomography (CT), or V/Q scan may be performed -
correct-answer-Laboratory tests used to assess gas exchange include:
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Immunity - correct-answer-Protection from illness or disease that is maintained
by the body's physiologic defense mechanisms
Natural active immunity - correct-answer-Occurs when an antigen enters the body
and the body creates antibodies to fight off the antigen
Artificial active immunity - correct-answer-Occurs via a vaccination or
immunization
Natural passive immunity - correct-answer-Occurs when antibodies are passed
from mother to fetus through the placenta or using colostrum or the breast milk
Artificial passive immunity - correct-answer-Occurs via a specific transfusion such
as immunoglobulins
Antibody-mediate immunity (humoral immunity) - correct-answer-includes the
antigens and antibodies interacting in an attempt to slow down or destroy the
foreign body
B-cells, macrophages, T-lymphocytes (T-cells), and spleen - correct-answer-Which
cells play a role in antibody-mediated immunity (humoral immunity)?
Cell-mediated immunity - correct-answer-Involves the functions of numerous cells
to fight off the antigen, including white blood cells (WBCs), T-cells, natural killer
(NK) cells, and multiple cytokines. The thymus and lymph nodes also play a role in
this immune process.
MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING CONCEPTS FOR
INTERPROFESSIONAL COLLABORATIVE CARE
9TH EDITION CHAPTER 2; COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2025
Alveoli - correct-answer-As adults age, what loses elasticity causing a decrease in
gas exchange?
Normal functioning central (brain and spinal cord) neurons, normal diaphragm
function, adequate skeletal muscle contractility (especially the intercostal muscles
between the ribs), and an intact chest thorax - correct-answer-What does
adequate ventilation require?
Acute or chronic problems affecting central neurons, diaphragm function, or
skeletal muscle contractility, aging (loss of pulmonary alveoli elasticity), lung
diseases, smoking, environmental pollutant exposure, and prolonged immobility -
correct-answer-Risk factors for decreased gas exchange include:
inadequate transportation of oxygen to body cells and organs and/or retention of
carbon dioxide - correct-answer-What does decreased gas exchange result in?
Arterial blood gasses (ABGs) and complete blood count (CBC); when necessary a
chest x-ray, chest computerized tomography (CT), or V/Q scan may be performed -
correct-answer-Laboratory tests used to assess gas exchange include:
, 2|Page
Immunity - correct-answer-Protection from illness or disease that is maintained
by the body's physiologic defense mechanisms
Natural active immunity - correct-answer-Occurs when an antigen enters the body
and the body creates antibodies to fight off the antigen
Artificial active immunity - correct-answer-Occurs via a vaccination or
immunization
Natural passive immunity - correct-answer-Occurs when antibodies are passed
from mother to fetus through the placenta or using colostrum or the breast milk
Artificial passive immunity - correct-answer-Occurs via a specific transfusion such
as immunoglobulins
Antibody-mediate immunity (humoral immunity) - correct-answer-includes the
antigens and antibodies interacting in an attempt to slow down or destroy the
foreign body
B-cells, macrophages, T-lymphocytes (T-cells), and spleen - correct-answer-Which
cells play a role in antibody-mediated immunity (humoral immunity)?
Cell-mediated immunity - correct-answer-Involves the functions of numerous cells
to fight off the antigen, including white blood cells (WBCs), T-cells, natural killer
(NK) cells, and multiple cytokines. The thymus and lymph nodes also play a role in
this immune process.
