PNB 2274 Exam 4 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Neurons - CORRECT ANSWER - -Send and receive electrical and chemical signals
-Excitable
Neuroglia/glial cells - CORRECT ANSWER - -Support and protect neurons
-May be involved in signal transduction
Neuron characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - -High metabolic rate
-Extreme longevity
-Nonmitotic
Unipolar neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - -Very long axon that's fused to dendrites
-Uncommon in humans
Bipolar neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - -One dendrite and one axon
Multipolar neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - -Most common
-One axon and multiple dendrites
Sensory/afferent neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - Sends impulse from sensory receptors
to the central nervous system
Motor/efferent neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - Sends impulse from the CNS to muscles
or glands
Interneuron - CORRECT ANSWER - Helps sensory and motor neurons communicate
,What type of cells are most likely to be involved in brain tumors? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Glial cells
Characteristics of glial cells - CORRECT ANSWER - -In both CNS and PNS
-Mitotic
-Protect and nourish neurons
-Much more abundant than neurons
-Smaller than neurons
Astrocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - -Maintain BBB
-Generate scaffolding for CNS
-Repair damaged neural tissue
-Cell development
-Regulates interstitial environment
Which neural cells develop first and what cells develop them? - CORRECT ANSWER --
Glial cells
-Astrocytes
Choroid plexus - CORRECT ANSWER - Branching network of mostly ependymal cells
that produces cerebrospinal fluid in brain ventricles
Ependymal cells - CORRECT ANSWER - -Ciliated cuboidal epithelial cells lining the
brain ventricles and the central canal of the spinal cord
-Produce cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and make up the choroid plexus
-Share characteristics with stem cells
Microglial cells - CORRECT ANSWER - -Small and motile
, -Use phagocytosis to remove cell waste
Oligodendrocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - -Only located in the CNS
-Wrap around axons and produce myelin
-Only glial cells that can synapse with neurons
What are oligodendrocytes called when they form synapses with neurons? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Progenitor cells
Satellite cells - CORRECT ANSWER - -Aka amphicytes
-Located in the PNS
-Surround ganglia
-Regulate environment surrounding the neuron
Schwann cells/neurolemmocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - -ONLY found in PNS
-Form myelin sheaths
-Secrete neurotrophic factors
Layers of brain protection - CORRECT ANSWER - -Cranial bones
-Cranial meninges
-Cerebrospinal fluid
Cranial meninges - CORRECT ANSWER - -Dura mater
-Arachnoid
-Pia mater
Dura mater - CORRECT ANSWER - -Two fibrous layers
-Vascular, contains fluid
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Neurons - CORRECT ANSWER - -Send and receive electrical and chemical signals
-Excitable
Neuroglia/glial cells - CORRECT ANSWER - -Support and protect neurons
-May be involved in signal transduction
Neuron characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - -High metabolic rate
-Extreme longevity
-Nonmitotic
Unipolar neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - -Very long axon that's fused to dendrites
-Uncommon in humans
Bipolar neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - -One dendrite and one axon
Multipolar neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - -Most common
-One axon and multiple dendrites
Sensory/afferent neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - Sends impulse from sensory receptors
to the central nervous system
Motor/efferent neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - Sends impulse from the CNS to muscles
or glands
Interneuron - CORRECT ANSWER - Helps sensory and motor neurons communicate
,What type of cells are most likely to be involved in brain tumors? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Glial cells
Characteristics of glial cells - CORRECT ANSWER - -In both CNS and PNS
-Mitotic
-Protect and nourish neurons
-Much more abundant than neurons
-Smaller than neurons
Astrocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - -Maintain BBB
-Generate scaffolding for CNS
-Repair damaged neural tissue
-Cell development
-Regulates interstitial environment
Which neural cells develop first and what cells develop them? - CORRECT ANSWER --
Glial cells
-Astrocytes
Choroid plexus - CORRECT ANSWER - Branching network of mostly ependymal cells
that produces cerebrospinal fluid in brain ventricles
Ependymal cells - CORRECT ANSWER - -Ciliated cuboidal epithelial cells lining the
brain ventricles and the central canal of the spinal cord
-Produce cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and make up the choroid plexus
-Share characteristics with stem cells
Microglial cells - CORRECT ANSWER - -Small and motile
, -Use phagocytosis to remove cell waste
Oligodendrocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - -Only located in the CNS
-Wrap around axons and produce myelin
-Only glial cells that can synapse with neurons
What are oligodendrocytes called when they form synapses with neurons? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Progenitor cells
Satellite cells - CORRECT ANSWER - -Aka amphicytes
-Located in the PNS
-Surround ganglia
-Regulate environment surrounding the neuron
Schwann cells/neurolemmocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - -ONLY found in PNS
-Form myelin sheaths
-Secrete neurotrophic factors
Layers of brain protection - CORRECT ANSWER - -Cranial bones
-Cranial meninges
-Cerebrospinal fluid
Cranial meninges - CORRECT ANSWER - -Dura mater
-Arachnoid
-Pia mater
Dura mater - CORRECT ANSWER - -Two fibrous layers
-Vascular, contains fluid
