Pathophysiology HESI Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers
An initial disturbance in a system sets off a chain a. Circadian
of events that does not favor stability and often b. Acclimatization
abruptly displaces a system from its steady state: c. Population
what is that? d. Diurnal - ANSWER -b. Acclimatization
a. Positive Feedback
b. Negative Feedback
c. Disease
d. Homeostasis - ANSWER -a. positive What does it mean when the cause of the
feedback disease is unwanted medical treatment?
a. Idiopathic
b. Ecogenetic
c. Genotypical
What organ shrinks with age? d. Iatrogenic - ANSWER -d. Iatrogenic
a. Prostate
b. Gums
c. Heart
d. All of the above - ANSWER -b. gums Which term is used for the first two months of
life?
a. Infancy
b. Childhood
Which of the following is true? c. Prenatal
a. An infant will have a slower heart rate than an d. Neonatal - ANSWER -d. Neonatal
adult
b. The elderly have better temperature
sensations
c. There are more sweat glands in an elderly Which is an objectively identifiable aberration of
person the disease?
d. There is less thirst perception in the elderly - a. Symptom
ANSWER -d. there is less thirst perception b. Syndrome
in the elderly c. Stage
d. Sign - ANSWER -d. Sign
Which of the following is true?
a. Women snore more than men Which of the following is true regarding
b. Men have higher calcium levels catecholamines?
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than men a. They are from the parasympathetic nervous
d. Men have a lower creatinine level than women system
- ANSWER -c. Women have a lower b. They cross the blood brain barrier
hemoglobin than men c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate -
ANSWER -c. They include epinephrine and
norepinephrine
An increase in normal adaptive response to the
decreased availability of oxygen at high altitude
is termed which?
,Pathophysiology HESI Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Which of the following is a true statement? a. Enhanced ATP activity
a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important for blood b. Loss of intracellular calcium
volume regulation c. Increased pH
b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump -
decrease in pain perception ANSWER -d. Failure of the sodium-
c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very differently potassium pump
d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity -
ANSWER -b. Endorphins increase with
stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
A 75 yo woman develops weakness in her lower
extremities after a prolonged period of bed rest.
This is most likely caused by:
By what mechanism do lipid molecules cross cell a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
membranes? b. Dysplasia of her leg muscles
a. They use channel proteins as a membrane c. Hypertrophy of her leg muscles
transport system d. Hyperplasia of her leg muscles -
b. They are transported across the plasma ANSWER -a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
membrane by endocytosis and exocytosis
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
d. They cross by diffusion - ANSWER -d.
They cross by diffusion Which of the following types of cellular adaption
is most likely to occur from chronic ischemia?
a. Hypertrophy
b. Metaplasia
Which of the following metabolic processes is a c. Atrophy
component of anabolic metabolism? d. Hyperplasia - ANSWER -c. Atrophy
a. Protein synthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Citric acid cycle
d. Oxidative phosphorylation - ANSWER -a. What is the mechanism of cellular injury that
Protein synthesis occurs when deep sea divers get 'the bends'?
a. Free radicals form abnormal chemical bonds
which destroy the cellular membranes
b. Carbon monoxide binds tightly to hemoglobin,
Which of the following electrochemical preventing the RBCs from carrying O2
mechanism is responsible for maintaining cell c. Intracellular calcium accumlation create
volume? muscle tetany
a. The calcium pump d. Gas bubbles from in the blood, blocking
b. Glucose transporters circulation and resulting in ischemia -
c. The sodium-potassium pump ANSWER -d. Gas bubbles from in the
d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters - blood, blocking circulation and resulting in
ANSWER -c. The sodium-potassium pump ischemia
Cellular hypoxia results in: Which type of cellular adaption would create the
, Pathophysiology HESI Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers
greatest concern if found on a biopsy report?
a. Dysplasia Which of the following refers to a deficiency of
b. Metaplasia factor VIII that causes a bleeding disorder?
c. Hyperplasia a. Marfan Syndrome
d. Atrophy - ANSWER -a. Dysplasia b. Phenylketonuria
c. Hemophilia
d. Huntington - ANSWER -c. Hemophilia
Which of the following is the process by which
mRNA is synthesized from single stranded DNA?
a. Sense stranding Which of the following is a retrovirus that causes
b. Replication cancer?
c. Translation a. Rhinovirus
D. Transcription - ANSWER -d. b. Parvovirus
Transcription c. Epstein-Barr virus
d. Poxvirus - ANSWER -c. Epstein-Barr
virus
Which of the following is not one of the 4 cell
types found in adult humans?
a. Epithelium Which of the following genes contributes
b. Connective tissue specifically to some breast cancer?
c. Hematopoietic tissue a. Rb
d. Nervous tissue - ANSWER -c. b. BRCA1
Hematopoietic tissue c. P53
d. VHL - ANSWER -b. BRCA1
If a patient has a recessive trait, which of the
following is the genotype of this patient? Which is used to describe the histologic
a. aa characteristics of tumor cells?
b. AA a. Staging
c. Aa b. Cachexia
d. aA - ANSWER -a. aa c. Grading
d. Angiogenesis - ANSWER -c. Grading
Which of the following chromosomal
abnormalities has been linked with Down Which of the following offers the best prognosis
Syndrome? for the cure of cancer?
a. Translocation a. Early detection
b. Inversion b. Aggressive chemotherapy
c. Deletion c. Adjunct radiation
d. Duplication - ANSWER -a. duplication d. Gene therapy - ANSWER -a. Early
detection
An initial disturbance in a system sets off a chain a. Circadian
of events that does not favor stability and often b. Acclimatization
abruptly displaces a system from its steady state: c. Population
what is that? d. Diurnal - ANSWER -b. Acclimatization
a. Positive Feedback
b. Negative Feedback
c. Disease
d. Homeostasis - ANSWER -a. positive What does it mean when the cause of the
feedback disease is unwanted medical treatment?
a. Idiopathic
b. Ecogenetic
c. Genotypical
What organ shrinks with age? d. Iatrogenic - ANSWER -d. Iatrogenic
a. Prostate
b. Gums
c. Heart
d. All of the above - ANSWER -b. gums Which term is used for the first two months of
life?
a. Infancy
b. Childhood
Which of the following is true? c. Prenatal
a. An infant will have a slower heart rate than an d. Neonatal - ANSWER -d. Neonatal
adult
b. The elderly have better temperature
sensations
c. There are more sweat glands in an elderly Which is an objectively identifiable aberration of
person the disease?
d. There is less thirst perception in the elderly - a. Symptom
ANSWER -d. there is less thirst perception b. Syndrome
in the elderly c. Stage
d. Sign - ANSWER -d. Sign
Which of the following is true?
a. Women snore more than men Which of the following is true regarding
b. Men have higher calcium levels catecholamines?
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than men a. They are from the parasympathetic nervous
d. Men have a lower creatinine level than women system
- ANSWER -c. Women have a lower b. They cross the blood brain barrier
hemoglobin than men c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate -
ANSWER -c. They include epinephrine and
norepinephrine
An increase in normal adaptive response to the
decreased availability of oxygen at high altitude
is termed which?
,Pathophysiology HESI Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers
Which of the following is a true statement? a. Enhanced ATP activity
a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important for blood b. Loss of intracellular calcium
volume regulation c. Increased pH
b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump -
decrease in pain perception ANSWER -d. Failure of the sodium-
c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very differently potassium pump
d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity -
ANSWER -b. Endorphins increase with
stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
A 75 yo woman develops weakness in her lower
extremities after a prolonged period of bed rest.
This is most likely caused by:
By what mechanism do lipid molecules cross cell a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
membranes? b. Dysplasia of her leg muscles
a. They use channel proteins as a membrane c. Hypertrophy of her leg muscles
transport system d. Hyperplasia of her leg muscles -
b. They are transported across the plasma ANSWER -a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
membrane by endocytosis and exocytosis
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
d. They cross by diffusion - ANSWER -d.
They cross by diffusion Which of the following types of cellular adaption
is most likely to occur from chronic ischemia?
a. Hypertrophy
b. Metaplasia
Which of the following metabolic processes is a c. Atrophy
component of anabolic metabolism? d. Hyperplasia - ANSWER -c. Atrophy
a. Protein synthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Citric acid cycle
d. Oxidative phosphorylation - ANSWER -a. What is the mechanism of cellular injury that
Protein synthesis occurs when deep sea divers get 'the bends'?
a. Free radicals form abnormal chemical bonds
which destroy the cellular membranes
b. Carbon monoxide binds tightly to hemoglobin,
Which of the following electrochemical preventing the RBCs from carrying O2
mechanism is responsible for maintaining cell c. Intracellular calcium accumlation create
volume? muscle tetany
a. The calcium pump d. Gas bubbles from in the blood, blocking
b. Glucose transporters circulation and resulting in ischemia -
c. The sodium-potassium pump ANSWER -d. Gas bubbles from in the
d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters - blood, blocking circulation and resulting in
ANSWER -c. The sodium-potassium pump ischemia
Cellular hypoxia results in: Which type of cellular adaption would create the
, Pathophysiology HESI Test Questions with 100% Verified Answers
greatest concern if found on a biopsy report?
a. Dysplasia Which of the following refers to a deficiency of
b. Metaplasia factor VIII that causes a bleeding disorder?
c. Hyperplasia a. Marfan Syndrome
d. Atrophy - ANSWER -a. Dysplasia b. Phenylketonuria
c. Hemophilia
d. Huntington - ANSWER -c. Hemophilia
Which of the following is the process by which
mRNA is synthesized from single stranded DNA?
a. Sense stranding Which of the following is a retrovirus that causes
b. Replication cancer?
c. Translation a. Rhinovirus
D. Transcription - ANSWER -d. b. Parvovirus
Transcription c. Epstein-Barr virus
d. Poxvirus - ANSWER -c. Epstein-Barr
virus
Which of the following is not one of the 4 cell
types found in adult humans?
a. Epithelium Which of the following genes contributes
b. Connective tissue specifically to some breast cancer?
c. Hematopoietic tissue a. Rb
d. Nervous tissue - ANSWER -c. b. BRCA1
Hematopoietic tissue c. P53
d. VHL - ANSWER -b. BRCA1
If a patient has a recessive trait, which of the
following is the genotype of this patient? Which is used to describe the histologic
a. aa characteristics of tumor cells?
b. AA a. Staging
c. Aa b. Cachexia
d. aA - ANSWER -a. aa c. Grading
d. Angiogenesis - ANSWER -c. Grading
Which of the following chromosomal
abnormalities has been linked with Down Which of the following offers the best prognosis
Syndrome? for the cure of cancer?
a. Translocation a. Early detection
b. Inversion b. Aggressive chemotherapy
c. Deletion c. Adjunct radiation
d. Duplication - ANSWER -a. duplication d. Gene therapy - ANSWER -a. Early
detection
