Nutrition 400 Exam 2-UNH UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Levels of organization in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - chemical, cell, tissue, organ,
organ system, organism
Free Radical - CORRECT ANSWER - molecules containing unpaired electrons; they are
highly reactive and are found everywhere
Examples of free radicals - CORRECT ANSWER - smoking, air pollution, UV light,
lipids, protein, DNA
Acids - CORRECT ANSWER - there is more cations so there is more positive charges
Bases - CORRECT ANSWER - there is more anions so there is more negative charges
pH Scale - CORRECT ANSWER - most acidic to the most basic;
- Neutral = 7
- Acidic = pH<7
- Basic = pH>7
Buffering systems - CORRECT ANSWER - resist change is pH; found in the blood,
kidneys, lungs; prevents acidosis/alkalosis
Acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER - - high acid
- symptoms: headache, loss of appetite
- starvation
- diabetes
, Alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER - - high base
- excessive vomiting
- overuse of diuretics/laxatives
- hyperventilation
Two types of transport methods - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. passive transport mechanisms
2. active transport mechanisms
Passive Transport Mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER - - simple diffusion
- facilitated diffusion
- osmosis
energy is not a requirement
Simple diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER - when a substance crosses the cell membrane by
moving from a higher concentration to a lower concentration
Facilitated Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER - when a substance crosses a cell membrane
with the assistance of a transport protein(energy is not required)
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWER - when water crosses the cell membrane freely
- from a low concentration to a high concentration
- energy is not required
Active Transport Mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER - - carrier- mediated active transport
-exocytosis & endocytosis
Carrier Mediated Active Transport - CORRECT ANSWER - - needs energy
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Levels of organization in the body - CORRECT ANSWER - chemical, cell, tissue, organ,
organ system, organism
Free Radical - CORRECT ANSWER - molecules containing unpaired electrons; they are
highly reactive and are found everywhere
Examples of free radicals - CORRECT ANSWER - smoking, air pollution, UV light,
lipids, protein, DNA
Acids - CORRECT ANSWER - there is more cations so there is more positive charges
Bases - CORRECT ANSWER - there is more anions so there is more negative charges
pH Scale - CORRECT ANSWER - most acidic to the most basic;
- Neutral = 7
- Acidic = pH<7
- Basic = pH>7
Buffering systems - CORRECT ANSWER - resist change is pH; found in the blood,
kidneys, lungs; prevents acidosis/alkalosis
Acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER - - high acid
- symptoms: headache, loss of appetite
- starvation
- diabetes
, Alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER - - high base
- excessive vomiting
- overuse of diuretics/laxatives
- hyperventilation
Two types of transport methods - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. passive transport mechanisms
2. active transport mechanisms
Passive Transport Mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER - - simple diffusion
- facilitated diffusion
- osmosis
energy is not a requirement
Simple diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER - when a substance crosses the cell membrane by
moving from a higher concentration to a lower concentration
Facilitated Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER - when a substance crosses a cell membrane
with the assistance of a transport protein(energy is not required)
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWER - when water crosses the cell membrane freely
- from a low concentration to a high concentration
- energy is not required
Active Transport Mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER - - carrier- mediated active transport
-exocytosis & endocytosis
Carrier Mediated Active Transport - CORRECT ANSWER - - needs energy
