MSC KNEE TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED LATEST UPDATE 2025-2026
Knee is a mechanism of 3 bones and 3 joints. What are they? - AnswersBones: Femur, Tibia, and
Fibula
Joints: Medial tibiofemoral, lateral tibiofemoral, patellofemoral
What are the functions of the joints in the knee? - Answers-to allow certain movements
-to restrict others
-to provide load transfer though your limbs
What are the 3 axes in the knee joint? - AnswersAnatomical, Mechanical, and functional
Anatomical axis - Answersaxes of the bones. Down the center of the medullary cavity
Mechanical axis - Answersaxes of alignment. on the Tibia, the mechanical and anatomical axes
are the same line.
functional axis - Answersaxes around which limbs rotate.
-flexion-extension axis
What is roll-back movement? - Answersoccurs during bent-knee at contact point.
-allows for increased knee flexion by avoiding impingement
What are the primary stabilizers in the normal knee? - AnswersACL and PCL (for
anterior/posterior motion)
MCL and LCL (for varus/valgus motion)
What is tibiofemoral joint force? - Answersposition force acting on joint
What are the 3 functions of the patella? - Answers-acts a slippery surface for the tendon as it
passes over the front of the knee
-increases mechanical advantage of the quad muscles
-keeps the tendon from slipping off the side of the femur
What is the patella function and motion dictated by? - Answers-proximal muscle action
-patella shape and congruence with the femur
-strong tendinous attachment to the tibia
What is the primary function of the patella? - Answersto increase the lever arm of the extensor
, mechanism
What drives motion in the knees? - Answersshapes. shapes compliment axes.
What are the 3 arcs of motion? - AnswersScrew home (-5- 10 degrees). functional (10-120
degrees). Deep flexion (120-150/160 degrees)
What degree does the knee have in full extension? - Answers-5 degree
Screw home arc - Answersknee EXTends the tibia with EXTernally rotate . Passive motion
Functional arc - Answersactive motion. Has two fixed axes: flexion-extension axis and
longitudinal axis.
Deep arc - Answerspassive motion
Functional axes of knee - AnswersIt is an ACTIVE motion that is
1. guided by shapes
2. constrained by ligaments
3. driven by the muscles
Kinematic conflict - Answerswhen soft tissues and implants try to move in opposition
Which arc is most important for everyday activities ? - Answersfunctional arc
What are the two functional axes? - Answersthe flexion-extension axis. the longitudinal axis.
the articular surface of the femur during the functional arc is - Answerscircular
the flexion-extension axis is fixed and ___________ - Answersclosely corresponds to the
transepicondyler
the longitudinal axis is located where in the knee? - Answersin the normal knee it is located
medially in the tibia. medial pivot.
Posterior Stabilized - Answersmedial. no acl or pcl
cruciate retaining - Answerspcl stays
rheumatoid arthritis - Answers-autoimmune disease.
-no cure, only treatment options.
-couple million americans diagnosed with it.
Pannus Formation - Answers-enzyme that attacks the bone and cartilage.
Knee is a mechanism of 3 bones and 3 joints. What are they? - AnswersBones: Femur, Tibia, and
Fibula
Joints: Medial tibiofemoral, lateral tibiofemoral, patellofemoral
What are the functions of the joints in the knee? - Answers-to allow certain movements
-to restrict others
-to provide load transfer though your limbs
What are the 3 axes in the knee joint? - AnswersAnatomical, Mechanical, and functional
Anatomical axis - Answersaxes of the bones. Down the center of the medullary cavity
Mechanical axis - Answersaxes of alignment. on the Tibia, the mechanical and anatomical axes
are the same line.
functional axis - Answersaxes around which limbs rotate.
-flexion-extension axis
What is roll-back movement? - Answersoccurs during bent-knee at contact point.
-allows for increased knee flexion by avoiding impingement
What are the primary stabilizers in the normal knee? - AnswersACL and PCL (for
anterior/posterior motion)
MCL and LCL (for varus/valgus motion)
What is tibiofemoral joint force? - Answersposition force acting on joint
What are the 3 functions of the patella? - Answers-acts a slippery surface for the tendon as it
passes over the front of the knee
-increases mechanical advantage of the quad muscles
-keeps the tendon from slipping off the side of the femur
What is the patella function and motion dictated by? - Answers-proximal muscle action
-patella shape and congruence with the femur
-strong tendinous attachment to the tibia
What is the primary function of the patella? - Answersto increase the lever arm of the extensor
, mechanism
What drives motion in the knees? - Answersshapes. shapes compliment axes.
What are the 3 arcs of motion? - AnswersScrew home (-5- 10 degrees). functional (10-120
degrees). Deep flexion (120-150/160 degrees)
What degree does the knee have in full extension? - Answers-5 degree
Screw home arc - Answersknee EXTends the tibia with EXTernally rotate . Passive motion
Functional arc - Answersactive motion. Has two fixed axes: flexion-extension axis and
longitudinal axis.
Deep arc - Answerspassive motion
Functional axes of knee - AnswersIt is an ACTIVE motion that is
1. guided by shapes
2. constrained by ligaments
3. driven by the muscles
Kinematic conflict - Answerswhen soft tissues and implants try to move in opposition
Which arc is most important for everyday activities ? - Answersfunctional arc
What are the two functional axes? - Answersthe flexion-extension axis. the longitudinal axis.
the articular surface of the femur during the functional arc is - Answerscircular
the flexion-extension axis is fixed and ___________ - Answersclosely corresponds to the
transepicondyler
the longitudinal axis is located where in the knee? - Answersin the normal knee it is located
medially in the tibia. medial pivot.
Posterior Stabilized - Answersmedial. no acl or pcl
cruciate retaining - Answerspcl stays
rheumatoid arthritis - Answers-autoimmune disease.
-no cure, only treatment options.
-couple million americans diagnosed with it.
Pannus Formation - Answers-enzyme that attacks the bone and cartilage.
