Psychology Exam Study Guide with
Verified Correct Answers
Psychology - Answer the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Applied Research - Answer designed to solve specific problems
Basic Research - Answer pure science, used to find new information
Fields of Psychology - Answer clinical, consumer, rehabilitation, health, organizational (industrial)
Clinical Psychology - Answer most common psychological career; clinical psychologists use their skills to
promote health in groups and individuals
Consumer Psychology - Answer study why people buy certain products over others
Rehabilitation Psychology - Answer help those who have been involved in an accident or have been ill
Health Psychology - Answer find ways to prevent disease and promote good health
Organizational (Industrial) Psychology - Answer try to apply psychology to help business and
organizations operate
Types of Psychologists - Answer cognitive, social, neuropsychologist, behaviorist, humanist,
psychoanalysis
Cognitive Psychologists - Answer focus on how people think - how they take in, process, store, and
retrieve information (Jean Piaget)
Social Psychologists - Answer study group dynamics and how behaviors and attitudes influence others
,Neuropsychologists - Answer explore how the brain works
Behaviorists - Answer only study observable behaviors, not mental processes
Humanists - Answer focus on the stuff of conscious experience, a person's freedom to choose, and the
capacity for personal growth
Psychoanalysts - Answer practitioners using Freud's theory of personality and psychoanalysis-a
therapeutic technique that attempts to provide insight into thoughts and actions by exposing and
interpreting the underlying unconscious motives and conflicts
Ivan Pavlov - Answer behaviorist, learning theorist famous for discovery of classical conditioning
Jean Piaget - Answer development and cognitive psychologist known for his studies of children's thought
processes
William Wundt - Answer founder of modern psychology
E.B. Tichener - Answer founder of structuralism (theory that the structure of conscious experience could
be understood by analyzing the basic elements of thoughts and sensations)
William James - Answer first American psychologist and author of the first psychology textbook
Sigmund Freud - Answer founder of psychoanalysis
Neuron - Answer a nerve cell, receives/carries information
All-or-None Response - Answer if a neuron fires, it will fire at same intensity every time
, Sequence of Transmission - Answer dendrite, cell body, axon, synapse
Dendrites - Answer receive messages from other cells
Synapses - Answer tiny, fluid-filled gap between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of
another neuron
Axon - Answer passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands
Action Potential - Answer created when a neuron fires, neural impulse that travels from the dendrites
down the axon to the axon terminals
Myelin Sheath - Answer covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses
Neurotransmitters - Answer a chemical messenger that travels across the synapse from one neuron to
the next
Central Nervous System - Answer brain (information processing) and spinal cord (pathway to/from the
brain)
Peripheral Nervous System - Answer sensory and motor nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord to
the rest of the body, consists of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Somatic Nervous System - Answer controls skeletal muscles, motor nerves for voluntary muscles
Autonomic Nervous System - Answer controls glands and muscles of internal organs, contains hormones
and glands
Hormones - Answer chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands
Pituitary Gland - Answer master gland
Verified Correct Answers
Psychology - Answer the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Applied Research - Answer designed to solve specific problems
Basic Research - Answer pure science, used to find new information
Fields of Psychology - Answer clinical, consumer, rehabilitation, health, organizational (industrial)
Clinical Psychology - Answer most common psychological career; clinical psychologists use their skills to
promote health in groups and individuals
Consumer Psychology - Answer study why people buy certain products over others
Rehabilitation Psychology - Answer help those who have been involved in an accident or have been ill
Health Psychology - Answer find ways to prevent disease and promote good health
Organizational (Industrial) Psychology - Answer try to apply psychology to help business and
organizations operate
Types of Psychologists - Answer cognitive, social, neuropsychologist, behaviorist, humanist,
psychoanalysis
Cognitive Psychologists - Answer focus on how people think - how they take in, process, store, and
retrieve information (Jean Piaget)
Social Psychologists - Answer study group dynamics and how behaviors and attitudes influence others
,Neuropsychologists - Answer explore how the brain works
Behaviorists - Answer only study observable behaviors, not mental processes
Humanists - Answer focus on the stuff of conscious experience, a person's freedom to choose, and the
capacity for personal growth
Psychoanalysts - Answer practitioners using Freud's theory of personality and psychoanalysis-a
therapeutic technique that attempts to provide insight into thoughts and actions by exposing and
interpreting the underlying unconscious motives and conflicts
Ivan Pavlov - Answer behaviorist, learning theorist famous for discovery of classical conditioning
Jean Piaget - Answer development and cognitive psychologist known for his studies of children's thought
processes
William Wundt - Answer founder of modern psychology
E.B. Tichener - Answer founder of structuralism (theory that the structure of conscious experience could
be understood by analyzing the basic elements of thoughts and sensations)
William James - Answer first American psychologist and author of the first psychology textbook
Sigmund Freud - Answer founder of psychoanalysis
Neuron - Answer a nerve cell, receives/carries information
All-or-None Response - Answer if a neuron fires, it will fire at same intensity every time
, Sequence of Transmission - Answer dendrite, cell body, axon, synapse
Dendrites - Answer receive messages from other cells
Synapses - Answer tiny, fluid-filled gap between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of
another neuron
Axon - Answer passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands
Action Potential - Answer created when a neuron fires, neural impulse that travels from the dendrites
down the axon to the axon terminals
Myelin Sheath - Answer covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses
Neurotransmitters - Answer a chemical messenger that travels across the synapse from one neuron to
the next
Central Nervous System - Answer brain (information processing) and spinal cord (pathway to/from the
brain)
Peripheral Nervous System - Answer sensory and motor nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord to
the rest of the body, consists of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Somatic Nervous System - Answer controls skeletal muscles, motor nerves for voluntary muscles
Autonomic Nervous System - Answer controls glands and muscles of internal organs, contains hormones
and glands
Hormones - Answer chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands
Pituitary Gland - Answer master gland
