LIFE-SPAN DEVELOPMENT
(STRAIGHTER-LINE) EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
bandura's social cognitive theory - Answer-Emphasizes behavior, environment, and
cognition as the key factors in development
evolutionary developmental psychology - Answer-growth in interest in using the concepts of
evolutionary psychology to understand human development
down syndrome - Answer-a form of intellectual disability caused by an abnormality in the
21st chromosome
Klinefelter syndrome - Answer-A chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra X
chromosome, making them XXY instead of XY.
fragile x syndrome - Answer-sex-linked disorder causing an abnormality in the X
chromosome
Turner Syndrome - Answer-A chromosomal disorder in females in which either an X
chromosome is missing, making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one X
chromosome is deleted.
XYY syndrome - Answer-A chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra Y
chromosome.
embryonic period - Answer-occurs 2 to 8 weeks after conception
babies are born with ____ to ___ billion neurons - Answer-20 to 100
neurogenesis - Answer-the formation of new neurons
neuronal migration - Answer-the movement of neurons to specialized regions of the brain
preoperational stage - Answer-2 to 7 years:
- the child begins to represent the world with words and images. these words and images
reflect increases symbolic thinking and go beyond the connection of sensory information
and physical action
concrete operational stage - Answer-7 to 11 years:
- the child can now reason logically about concrete events and classify objects into different
sets
, formal operational stage - Answer-11 years to adulthood:
- the adolescent reasons in more abstract, idealistic, and logical ways
vygotsky's theory - Answer-emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide and are
inseparable from cognitive development
skinner's operant conditioning - Answer-development consists of the pattern of behavioral
changes brought about by rewards and punishments
apgar scale - Answer-assesses the health of newborns at 1 and 5 minutes after birth
preterm infants - Answer-born before 37 weeks
low birth weight infants - Answer-weighs less than 5.5 lbs at birth
cephalocaudal pattern - Answer-growth that proceeds from the head downward
proximodistal pattern - Answer-the sequence in which growth starts at the center of the
body and moves toward the extremities
frontal lobes - Answer-voluntary movement, thinking, personality, and intentionality, or
purpose
occipital lobes - Answer-function in vision
temporal lobes - Answer-active role in hearing, language processing, and memory
parietal lobes - Answer-register spatial location, attention, and motor control
palmer grasp - Answer-grasping with the whole hand
pincer grip - Answer-grasping small objects with thumb and forefinger
schemes - Answer-actions or mental representations that organize knowledge
assimilation - Answer-using existing schemes to deal with new information or experiences
accommodation - Answer-adjusting schemes to fit new information and experiences
operant conditoning - Answer-behavior followed by rewarding stimulus is likely to recur
information retention - Answer-baby recalls relationship between behavior and stimulus
habituation - Answer-decreased responsiveness to a stimulus after repeated presentations
of the stimulus
(STRAIGHTER-LINE) EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
bandura's social cognitive theory - Answer-Emphasizes behavior, environment, and
cognition as the key factors in development
evolutionary developmental psychology - Answer-growth in interest in using the concepts of
evolutionary psychology to understand human development
down syndrome - Answer-a form of intellectual disability caused by an abnormality in the
21st chromosome
Klinefelter syndrome - Answer-A chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra X
chromosome, making them XXY instead of XY.
fragile x syndrome - Answer-sex-linked disorder causing an abnormality in the X
chromosome
Turner Syndrome - Answer-A chromosomal disorder in females in which either an X
chromosome is missing, making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one X
chromosome is deleted.
XYY syndrome - Answer-A chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra Y
chromosome.
embryonic period - Answer-occurs 2 to 8 weeks after conception
babies are born with ____ to ___ billion neurons - Answer-20 to 100
neurogenesis - Answer-the formation of new neurons
neuronal migration - Answer-the movement of neurons to specialized regions of the brain
preoperational stage - Answer-2 to 7 years:
- the child begins to represent the world with words and images. these words and images
reflect increases symbolic thinking and go beyond the connection of sensory information
and physical action
concrete operational stage - Answer-7 to 11 years:
- the child can now reason logically about concrete events and classify objects into different
sets
, formal operational stage - Answer-11 years to adulthood:
- the adolescent reasons in more abstract, idealistic, and logical ways
vygotsky's theory - Answer-emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide and are
inseparable from cognitive development
skinner's operant conditioning - Answer-development consists of the pattern of behavioral
changes brought about by rewards and punishments
apgar scale - Answer-assesses the health of newborns at 1 and 5 minutes after birth
preterm infants - Answer-born before 37 weeks
low birth weight infants - Answer-weighs less than 5.5 lbs at birth
cephalocaudal pattern - Answer-growth that proceeds from the head downward
proximodistal pattern - Answer-the sequence in which growth starts at the center of the
body and moves toward the extremities
frontal lobes - Answer-voluntary movement, thinking, personality, and intentionality, or
purpose
occipital lobes - Answer-function in vision
temporal lobes - Answer-active role in hearing, language processing, and memory
parietal lobes - Answer-register spatial location, attention, and motor control
palmer grasp - Answer-grasping with the whole hand
pincer grip - Answer-grasping small objects with thumb and forefinger
schemes - Answer-actions or mental representations that organize knowledge
assimilation - Answer-using existing schemes to deal with new information or experiences
accommodation - Answer-adjusting schemes to fit new information and experiences
operant conditoning - Answer-behavior followed by rewarding stimulus is likely to recur
information retention - Answer-baby recalls relationship between behavior and stimulus
habituation - Answer-decreased responsiveness to a stimulus after repeated presentations
of the stimulus
