Psych 2301 Midterm UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
In every experiment, the ______ is what the researcher is trying to determine has changed or not.
- CORRECT ANSWER - dependent variable
Which of the following is a drawback of case studies? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Interviewers may influence participants to give responses that suit their expectations.
Brandon is a psychologist who is studying the relationship between heredity and mood disorders.
He strongly believes that behavior and mental processes have a connection with the brain,
hormones, heredity, and evolution. Brandon's beliefs are most consistent with the _____
perspective. - CORRECT ANSWER - biological
Identify a true statement about social-cognitive theorists. - CORRECT ANSWER - They
note that people engage in intentional learning by observing others.
__________ are different from clinical psychologists in that their clients typically have
adjustment problems, such as trouble making academic or vocational decisions or making friends
in college, but not serious psychological disorders. - CORRECT ANSWER - Counseling
psychologists
In Gestalt psychology, learning, especially problem solving, is accomplished primarily by
________. - CORRECT ANSWER - insight
While industrial psychologists focus on the relationships between people and work, __________
study the behavior of people in workplaces such as businesses. - CORRECT ANSWER -
organizational psychologists
According to the psychoanalytic approach, a good majority of what influences our behavior is: -
CORRECT ANSWER - an emphasis on unconscious ideas and impulses that originate in
childhood conflicts.
,Which of the following is true of B. F. Skinner's contribution to behaviorism? - CORRECT
ANSWER - He believed that organisms learn to behave in certain ways because they have
been reinforced for doing so.
In the 1940s and 1950s, psychodynamic theory dominated the practice of psychotherapy. -
CORRECT ANSWER - True
Psychology seeks to describe, explain, predict, and control behavior and mental processes. -
CORRECT ANSWER - True
One of the advantages of __________ is that by distributing questionnaires and analyzing
answers with a computer, psychologists can study many thousands of people at a time. -
CORRECT ANSWER - surveys
The _______ perspective works on the assumption that thoughts, fantasies, and dreams—and the
inborn or instinctive behavior patterns of various species—are made possible by the nervous
system and especially by the brain. - CORRECT ANSWER - biological
Psychologists with a __________ perspective are most likely to explore how individuals find
meaning in their lives and seek personal growth. - CORRECT ANSWER - humanistic-
existential
Which of the following is an important factor emphasized by the sociocultural perspective in
understanding behavior and mental processes? - CORRECT ANSWER - Gender
Psychologists with a(n) _______ perspective primarily venture into the realm of mental
processes such as sensation and perception, memory, intelligence, language, thought, and
problem solving to understand human nature. - CORRECT ANSWER - cognitive
Research that is undertaken primarily because the researcher is interested in a research topic is
called: - CORRECT ANSWER - pure research.
, Which of the following is a principle of critical thinking? - CORRECT ANSWER - Insist
on evidence.
_______ is credited with establishing the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. -
CORRECT ANSWER - Wilhelm Wundt
Which of the following completed all of the academic requirements for a Ph.D. at Harvard but
was never awarded it? - CORRECT ANSWER - Mary Whiton Calkins
__________ primarily study how we perceive and mentally represent the world, how we learn,
remember the past, plan, problem solve, and use language. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Cognitive psychologists
Which of the following statements is true of clinical psychologists? - CORRECT
ANSWER - They evaluate problems such as anxiety and depression through interviews
and psychological tests.
Jane is a practicing psychologist who assesses the mental status of people charged with crimes
and shares her findings with the courts. Jane is most likely a(n) ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - forensic psychologist
When you are training a pet, you are most likely relying on which of the following psychological
perspectives? - CORRECT ANSWER - Behaviorist
Which of the following is true of behaviorism? - CORRECT ANSWER - Behaviorists
define psychology as the scientific study of behavior, not of behavior and mental processes.
One of the concepts of evolutionary psychology is that not only physical traits but also many
patterns of behavior, including social behavior, evolve and can be transmitted genetically from
generation to generation. - CORRECT ANSWER - True
Questions and CORRECT Answers
In every experiment, the ______ is what the researcher is trying to determine has changed or not.
- CORRECT ANSWER - dependent variable
Which of the following is a drawback of case studies? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Interviewers may influence participants to give responses that suit their expectations.
Brandon is a psychologist who is studying the relationship between heredity and mood disorders.
He strongly believes that behavior and mental processes have a connection with the brain,
hormones, heredity, and evolution. Brandon's beliefs are most consistent with the _____
perspective. - CORRECT ANSWER - biological
Identify a true statement about social-cognitive theorists. - CORRECT ANSWER - They
note that people engage in intentional learning by observing others.
__________ are different from clinical psychologists in that their clients typically have
adjustment problems, such as trouble making academic or vocational decisions or making friends
in college, but not serious psychological disorders. - CORRECT ANSWER - Counseling
psychologists
In Gestalt psychology, learning, especially problem solving, is accomplished primarily by
________. - CORRECT ANSWER - insight
While industrial psychologists focus on the relationships between people and work, __________
study the behavior of people in workplaces such as businesses. - CORRECT ANSWER -
organizational psychologists
According to the psychoanalytic approach, a good majority of what influences our behavior is: -
CORRECT ANSWER - an emphasis on unconscious ideas and impulses that originate in
childhood conflicts.
,Which of the following is true of B. F. Skinner's contribution to behaviorism? - CORRECT
ANSWER - He believed that organisms learn to behave in certain ways because they have
been reinforced for doing so.
In the 1940s and 1950s, psychodynamic theory dominated the practice of psychotherapy. -
CORRECT ANSWER - True
Psychology seeks to describe, explain, predict, and control behavior and mental processes. -
CORRECT ANSWER - True
One of the advantages of __________ is that by distributing questionnaires and analyzing
answers with a computer, psychologists can study many thousands of people at a time. -
CORRECT ANSWER - surveys
The _______ perspective works on the assumption that thoughts, fantasies, and dreams—and the
inborn or instinctive behavior patterns of various species—are made possible by the nervous
system and especially by the brain. - CORRECT ANSWER - biological
Psychologists with a __________ perspective are most likely to explore how individuals find
meaning in their lives and seek personal growth. - CORRECT ANSWER - humanistic-
existential
Which of the following is an important factor emphasized by the sociocultural perspective in
understanding behavior and mental processes? - CORRECT ANSWER - Gender
Psychologists with a(n) _______ perspective primarily venture into the realm of mental
processes such as sensation and perception, memory, intelligence, language, thought, and
problem solving to understand human nature. - CORRECT ANSWER - cognitive
Research that is undertaken primarily because the researcher is interested in a research topic is
called: - CORRECT ANSWER - pure research.
, Which of the following is a principle of critical thinking? - CORRECT ANSWER - Insist
on evidence.
_______ is credited with establishing the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. -
CORRECT ANSWER - Wilhelm Wundt
Which of the following completed all of the academic requirements for a Ph.D. at Harvard but
was never awarded it? - CORRECT ANSWER - Mary Whiton Calkins
__________ primarily study how we perceive and mentally represent the world, how we learn,
remember the past, plan, problem solve, and use language. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Cognitive psychologists
Which of the following statements is true of clinical psychologists? - CORRECT
ANSWER - They evaluate problems such as anxiety and depression through interviews
and psychological tests.
Jane is a practicing psychologist who assesses the mental status of people charged with crimes
and shares her findings with the courts. Jane is most likely a(n) ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - forensic psychologist
When you are training a pet, you are most likely relying on which of the following psychological
perspectives? - CORRECT ANSWER - Behaviorist
Which of the following is true of behaviorism? - CORRECT ANSWER - Behaviorists
define psychology as the scientific study of behavior, not of behavior and mental processes.
One of the concepts of evolutionary psychology is that not only physical traits but also many
patterns of behavior, including social behavior, evolve and can be transmitted genetically from
generation to generation. - CORRECT ANSWER - True
