Psyc 2301 Test #2 review UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
what is Learning and why is it said to be more or less permanent - CORRECT ANSWER -
It is a relative change in behavior due to experience or practice. Its considered permeant because
physical change in brain.
what are the elements of Classical conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER - unconditioned
stimulus- original naturally occurring stimulus. unlearned. (food)
unconditioned response- unlearned reflex response (droll to food)
conditioned stimulus- paired with the unconditioned stimulus to bring a reflex or response (bell
ringing)
conditioned response- the response to a conditioned stimulus that brings the same reflex as the
unconditioned response (drool)
neutral stimulus- something the person or thing has no response to before conditioning (bell or
dish before shown reaction to it)
who is the main person associate with classical conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER -
Ivan Pavlov was the physiologist that discovered a dog's drooling to prove some reflexes,
stimuli, and responses
what is Extinction and how is it tied to classical conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER -
dissappearing or weakening of a learned response. following the removal of the unconditioned
stimulus. (if bell rang numerous times without food being brought. the dog stops reacting to bell
so it is in the process of extinction.) this happens after classical conditioning stops and is no
longer practiced with the pairing of the unconditioned stimuli and the neutral stimuli to produce
the conditioned response.
when you get sick after drinking too much and cant be around alcohol anymore this is called
what? - CORRECT ANSWER - conditioned taste aversion
, what is operant conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER - The type of learning that deals
with voluntary behavior. what happens after response. voluntary behavior learned through
consequences.
what are the different types of reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER - primary and
secondary reinforcers and positive and negative reinforcers
whats the difference between positive and negative reinforcement - CORRECT
ANSWER - positive- Addition of a pleasurable stimulus. (dog sit give treat)
negative- removal, escape, or avoidance of aversive stimulus (don't have to do dishes if good)
what is the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers - CORRECT
ANSWER - primary- meets a basic biological need or drive(meets hunger ,thirst, or
touch)
secondary- reinforcing when paired with primary reinforcer (praise, token, gold stars, money)
what are the different kinds of punishment - CORRECT ANSWER - punishment by
application- when something unpleasant is added to situation (spanking)
punishment by removal- when the removal of something pleasurable or desired after the
behavior occurs(grounding from car)
what is needed for punishment to be affective - CORRECT ANSWER - must be:
immediately following behavior, consistent each time, and paired with reinforcing correct
behavior (let them know what they could have done)
what is shaping - CORRECT ANSWER - a process in operant conditioning where small
steps toward some ultimate goal are reinforced until goal is reached.
what are the different schedules of reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER - fixed ratio-
same # of responses is required to get response(paid by every 100 envelopes stuffed)
variable ratio -# of responses you make required varies for each event.(slot machine)
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
what is Learning and why is it said to be more or less permanent - CORRECT ANSWER -
It is a relative change in behavior due to experience or practice. Its considered permeant because
physical change in brain.
what are the elements of Classical conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER - unconditioned
stimulus- original naturally occurring stimulus. unlearned. (food)
unconditioned response- unlearned reflex response (droll to food)
conditioned stimulus- paired with the unconditioned stimulus to bring a reflex or response (bell
ringing)
conditioned response- the response to a conditioned stimulus that brings the same reflex as the
unconditioned response (drool)
neutral stimulus- something the person or thing has no response to before conditioning (bell or
dish before shown reaction to it)
who is the main person associate with classical conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER -
Ivan Pavlov was the physiologist that discovered a dog's drooling to prove some reflexes,
stimuli, and responses
what is Extinction and how is it tied to classical conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER -
dissappearing or weakening of a learned response. following the removal of the unconditioned
stimulus. (if bell rang numerous times without food being brought. the dog stops reacting to bell
so it is in the process of extinction.) this happens after classical conditioning stops and is no
longer practiced with the pairing of the unconditioned stimuli and the neutral stimuli to produce
the conditioned response.
when you get sick after drinking too much and cant be around alcohol anymore this is called
what? - CORRECT ANSWER - conditioned taste aversion
, what is operant conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER - The type of learning that deals
with voluntary behavior. what happens after response. voluntary behavior learned through
consequences.
what are the different types of reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER - primary and
secondary reinforcers and positive and negative reinforcers
whats the difference between positive and negative reinforcement - CORRECT
ANSWER - positive- Addition of a pleasurable stimulus. (dog sit give treat)
negative- removal, escape, or avoidance of aversive stimulus (don't have to do dishes if good)
what is the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers - CORRECT
ANSWER - primary- meets a basic biological need or drive(meets hunger ,thirst, or
touch)
secondary- reinforcing when paired with primary reinforcer (praise, token, gold stars, money)
what are the different kinds of punishment - CORRECT ANSWER - punishment by
application- when something unpleasant is added to situation (spanking)
punishment by removal- when the removal of something pleasurable or desired after the
behavior occurs(grounding from car)
what is needed for punishment to be affective - CORRECT ANSWER - must be:
immediately following behavior, consistent each time, and paired with reinforcing correct
behavior (let them know what they could have done)
what is shaping - CORRECT ANSWER - a process in operant conditioning where small
steps toward some ultimate goal are reinforced until goal is reached.
what are the different schedules of reinforcement - CORRECT ANSWER - fixed ratio-
same # of responses is required to get response(paid by every 100 envelopes stuffed)
variable ratio -# of responses you make required varies for each event.(slot machine)
