PSYC 2301 Final Study Guide UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
A __________ is a specific question or prediction to be tested, whereas a _________ tries to
integrate and summarize a large number of findings. - CORRECT ANSWER - Hypothesis;
theory
A neuron's resting potential is due to the greater concentration of: - CORRECT
ANSWER - Potassium ions inside the neuron and the greater concentration of sodium ions
outside the neuron.
A perfect positive correlation: - CORRECT ANSWER - Would mean that every time
factor A occurred, Factor B also occurred.
A researcher sets out to test the following statement: "Adolescents are more likely to start
smoking if one or both of their parents smokes." This statement is an example of: - CORRECT
ANSWER - A hypothesis
After analyzing her data, professor Nelson discovers that a correlation coefficient of +.75 exists
between the amount of coffee a person drinks and the degree of stress experienced. Professor
Nelson can safely conclude that: - CORRECT ANSWER - As coffee consumption
increases, stress also increases.
After having too many drinks at a party, your friend awkwardly stumbles into a table, almost
knocking it over. Your friend's coordination for simple actions, such as walking between two
tables, is reduced because the alcohol has affected his: - CORRECT ANSWER -
Cerebellum
An action potential occurs when: - CORRECT ANSWER - Sodium ions enter the axon's
interior, causing a brief positive electrical impulse.
,As you are taking a test, you inadvertently drop your pencil, reach down, pick it up, and put it
back on the desk. This voluntary action involved motor signals that were communicated out to
your muscles via the _____ nervous system. - CORRECT ANSWER - Somatic
As you are listening to a lecture, workers are repairing a wall just outside your classroom.
Throughout the class, you find yourself coughing and sneezing because of the dust and fumes in
the air. Which brain structure controls such vital reflexes as sneezing, coughing, and
swallowing? - CORRECT ANSWER - The medulla
Compared to neurons that do not have myelin, neurons with myelin: - CORRECT
ANSWER - Can communicate up to 100 times faster.
Dr. Martinez is studying the effects of diet on mental alertness. Each morning for two weeks,
participants in Dr. Martinez's study eat a breakfast that is either high in carbohydrates or high in
protein. Dr. Martinez then measures the participants' abilities to solve geometry problems. What
is the dependent variable in this study? - CORRECT ANSWER - Ability to solve
geometry problems.
Each cerebral hemisphere can roughly divide into four lobes. Which lobe processes auditory
information? - CORRECT ANSWER - The temporal lobe.
Empirical evidence refers to evidence that is the result of: - CORRECT ANSWER -
Observation, measurement, and experimentation.
In Dr. Foster's study, one group is given a new medication that is believed to reduce anxiety.
Another group is given a medication that looks like the real medication, but that contains none of
the active ingredients that would affect anxiety. In this experience, the experimental group is the:
- CORRECT ANSWER - Group that received the new medication.
In a study on the effects of caffeine on memory, participants drank a bottle of tasteless water
containing 100, 50, or 0 milligrams of caffeine. The participants assigned to the group that drank
bottles of water with no caffeine represented the _____________ in this study. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Placebo control group
, In an experiment, the factor that is observed and measured for change and is thought to be
influenced by the independent variable is called the: - CORRECT ANSWER - Dependent
variable.
In combination, the brain and spinal cord make up the: - CORRECT ANSWER - Central
nervous system.
In general, the sympathetic nervous system ___________, while the parasympathetic nervous
system _______________. - CORRECT ANSWER - Arouses and mobilizes; maintains
and converses.
In order to increase confidence in the findings of a particular study, it is important that the study
and its results: - CORRECT ANSWER - Be repeated or replicated.
In reading these test questions, you are primarily using your _____ to understand what you are
reading. - CORRECT ANSWER - Left hemisphere
Joanna has suffered a series of personal setbacks, including the death of a family member,
academic problems in college, and a divorce. She feels so sad, upset, and lonely that she is
contemplating suicide. Joanna could probably best be helped by a _____ psychologist. -
CORRECT ANSWER - Clinical
Key figures in the development of behaviorism include: - CORRECT ANSWER - Watson,
Pavlov, and Skinner.
Limitations of the experimental method include which of the following? - CORRECT
ANSWER - It may not be ethical or possible to experimentally investigate some issues.
Lynn has just received a research grant to study the effect of downsizing on morale at a large
computer company. Lynn is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Industrial/organizational
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
A __________ is a specific question or prediction to be tested, whereas a _________ tries to
integrate and summarize a large number of findings. - CORRECT ANSWER - Hypothesis;
theory
A neuron's resting potential is due to the greater concentration of: - CORRECT
ANSWER - Potassium ions inside the neuron and the greater concentration of sodium ions
outside the neuron.
A perfect positive correlation: - CORRECT ANSWER - Would mean that every time
factor A occurred, Factor B also occurred.
A researcher sets out to test the following statement: "Adolescents are more likely to start
smoking if one or both of their parents smokes." This statement is an example of: - CORRECT
ANSWER - A hypothesis
After analyzing her data, professor Nelson discovers that a correlation coefficient of +.75 exists
between the amount of coffee a person drinks and the degree of stress experienced. Professor
Nelson can safely conclude that: - CORRECT ANSWER - As coffee consumption
increases, stress also increases.
After having too many drinks at a party, your friend awkwardly stumbles into a table, almost
knocking it over. Your friend's coordination for simple actions, such as walking between two
tables, is reduced because the alcohol has affected his: - CORRECT ANSWER -
Cerebellum
An action potential occurs when: - CORRECT ANSWER - Sodium ions enter the axon's
interior, causing a brief positive electrical impulse.
,As you are taking a test, you inadvertently drop your pencil, reach down, pick it up, and put it
back on the desk. This voluntary action involved motor signals that were communicated out to
your muscles via the _____ nervous system. - CORRECT ANSWER - Somatic
As you are listening to a lecture, workers are repairing a wall just outside your classroom.
Throughout the class, you find yourself coughing and sneezing because of the dust and fumes in
the air. Which brain structure controls such vital reflexes as sneezing, coughing, and
swallowing? - CORRECT ANSWER - The medulla
Compared to neurons that do not have myelin, neurons with myelin: - CORRECT
ANSWER - Can communicate up to 100 times faster.
Dr. Martinez is studying the effects of diet on mental alertness. Each morning for two weeks,
participants in Dr. Martinez's study eat a breakfast that is either high in carbohydrates or high in
protein. Dr. Martinez then measures the participants' abilities to solve geometry problems. What
is the dependent variable in this study? - CORRECT ANSWER - Ability to solve
geometry problems.
Each cerebral hemisphere can roughly divide into four lobes. Which lobe processes auditory
information? - CORRECT ANSWER - The temporal lobe.
Empirical evidence refers to evidence that is the result of: - CORRECT ANSWER -
Observation, measurement, and experimentation.
In Dr. Foster's study, one group is given a new medication that is believed to reduce anxiety.
Another group is given a medication that looks like the real medication, but that contains none of
the active ingredients that would affect anxiety. In this experience, the experimental group is the:
- CORRECT ANSWER - Group that received the new medication.
In a study on the effects of caffeine on memory, participants drank a bottle of tasteless water
containing 100, 50, or 0 milligrams of caffeine. The participants assigned to the group that drank
bottles of water with no caffeine represented the _____________ in this study. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Placebo control group
, In an experiment, the factor that is observed and measured for change and is thought to be
influenced by the independent variable is called the: - CORRECT ANSWER - Dependent
variable.
In combination, the brain and spinal cord make up the: - CORRECT ANSWER - Central
nervous system.
In general, the sympathetic nervous system ___________, while the parasympathetic nervous
system _______________. - CORRECT ANSWER - Arouses and mobilizes; maintains
and converses.
In order to increase confidence in the findings of a particular study, it is important that the study
and its results: - CORRECT ANSWER - Be repeated or replicated.
In reading these test questions, you are primarily using your _____ to understand what you are
reading. - CORRECT ANSWER - Left hemisphere
Joanna has suffered a series of personal setbacks, including the death of a family member,
academic problems in college, and a divorce. She feels so sad, upset, and lonely that she is
contemplating suicide. Joanna could probably best be helped by a _____ psychologist. -
CORRECT ANSWER - Clinical
Key figures in the development of behaviorism include: - CORRECT ANSWER - Watson,
Pavlov, and Skinner.
Limitations of the experimental method include which of the following? - CORRECT
ANSWER - It may not be ethical or possible to experimentally investigate some issues.
Lynn has just received a research grant to study the effect of downsizing on morale at a large
computer company. Lynn is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Industrial/organizational
