ANCC FNP Review Questions and
Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 |
Correct & Verified
What is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease in adults?
✔✔Diabetes mellitus
Which lab value is best used to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
✔✔Serum creatinine
Which blood pressure medication class offers renal protection in diabetic nephropathy?
✔✔ACE inhibitors
What is the hallmark finding in nephrotic syndrome?
✔✔Massive proteinuria
What electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in chronic kidney disease?
✔✔Hyperkalemia
1
,Which symptom suggests uremia in a patient with end-stage renal disease?
✔✔Pericarditis
What physical sign is often seen in patients with fluid overload due to renal failure?
✔✔Peripheral edema
What dietary restriction is essential for patients with high serum potassium?
✔✔Limit potassium-rich foods
What is the earliest clinical sign of diabetic nephropathy?
✔✔Microalbuminuria
Which test should be ordered annually for diabetic patients to screen for kidney damage?
✔✔Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio
What is a common side effect of erythropoietin-stimulating agents used in CKD?
✔✔Hypertension
2
,What condition results from decreased activation of vitamin D in CKD?
✔✔Secondary hyperparathyroidism
What is the treatment for anemia of chronic kidney disease?
✔✔Erythropoietin and iron supplementation
Why is calcium acetate used in patients with renal failure?
✔✔To bind dietary phosphate
What acid-base disorder is common in chronic kidney disease?
✔✔Metabolic acidosis
What is the best indicator of early kidney damage in hypertensive patients?
✔✔Persistent proteinuria
What should a patient with stage 4 CKD avoid taking over the counter?
✔✔NSAIDs
3
, Which infection is a complication of peritoneal dialysis?
✔✔Peritonitis
What causes itching in patients with end-stage renal disease?
✔✔Uremic toxins accumulation
What cardiac complication is associated with chronic kidney disease?
✔✔Left ventricular hypertrophy
What lab value is typically elevated in rhabdomyolysis-induced kidney injury?
✔✔Creatine kinase
Which hormone is decreased in chronic kidney disease, contributing to anemia?
✔✔Erythropoietin
What imaging is most useful for evaluating obstructive uropathy?
✔✔Renal ultrasound
4
Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 |
Correct & Verified
What is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease in adults?
✔✔Diabetes mellitus
Which lab value is best used to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
✔✔Serum creatinine
Which blood pressure medication class offers renal protection in diabetic nephropathy?
✔✔ACE inhibitors
What is the hallmark finding in nephrotic syndrome?
✔✔Massive proteinuria
What electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in chronic kidney disease?
✔✔Hyperkalemia
1
,Which symptom suggests uremia in a patient with end-stage renal disease?
✔✔Pericarditis
What physical sign is often seen in patients with fluid overload due to renal failure?
✔✔Peripheral edema
What dietary restriction is essential for patients with high serum potassium?
✔✔Limit potassium-rich foods
What is the earliest clinical sign of diabetic nephropathy?
✔✔Microalbuminuria
Which test should be ordered annually for diabetic patients to screen for kidney damage?
✔✔Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio
What is a common side effect of erythropoietin-stimulating agents used in CKD?
✔✔Hypertension
2
,What condition results from decreased activation of vitamin D in CKD?
✔✔Secondary hyperparathyroidism
What is the treatment for anemia of chronic kidney disease?
✔✔Erythropoietin and iron supplementation
Why is calcium acetate used in patients with renal failure?
✔✔To bind dietary phosphate
What acid-base disorder is common in chronic kidney disease?
✔✔Metabolic acidosis
What is the best indicator of early kidney damage in hypertensive patients?
✔✔Persistent proteinuria
What should a patient with stage 4 CKD avoid taking over the counter?
✔✔NSAIDs
3
, Which infection is a complication of peritoneal dialysis?
✔✔Peritonitis
What causes itching in patients with end-stage renal disease?
✔✔Uremic toxins accumulation
What cardiac complication is associated with chronic kidney disease?
✔✔Left ventricular hypertrophy
What lab value is typically elevated in rhabdomyolysis-induced kidney injury?
✔✔Creatine kinase
Which hormone is decreased in chronic kidney disease, contributing to anemia?
✔✔Erythropoietin
What imaging is most useful for evaluating obstructive uropathy?
✔✔Renal ultrasound
4
