Test Bank for Structure and Function of the Body
The lactiferous ducts - (correct Answer) - drain milk from the alveoli of the breasts, carry milk toward the
nipple, and drain only one lobe of each breast.
The erectile tissue of the female external genitalia - (correct Answer) - the clitoris.
The part of the female reproductive cycle that involves passage of part of the inner lining of the uterus
and blood - (correct Answer) - menses.
The part of the female reproductive cycle that occurs when the egg is released from the ovary - (correct
Answer) - ovulation.
The part of the female reproductive cycle that begins at the end of menses and ends at ovulation -
(correct Answer) - the proliferative phase.
The corpus luteum functions as an endocrine gland during part of the female reproductive cycle -
(correct Answer) - the secretory phase.
The part of the female reproductive cycle that begins at ovulation and ends at the start of menses -
(correct Answer) - the secretory phase.
The structure that produces a thick, yellowish fluid that contains fructose and composes about 60% of
the seminal fluid volume - (correct Answer) - seminal vesicles.
The scrotum contains which of the following structures? - (correct Answer) - Testes and epididymis.
The essential organ of the female reproductive system - (correct Answer) - ovary.
After ovulation, the hormone-secreting remnant of the follicle - (correct Answer) - corpus luteum.
Oogenesis differs from spermatogenesis because in oogenesis - (correct Answer) - polar bodies are
produced.
Gonadotropin releasing hormone - (correct Answer) - Produced by the hypothalamus, it stimulates the
release of gonadotropins from the anterior pituitary.
Estrogen - (correct Answer) - A hormone produced by the granulosa cells around the oocytes that
stimulates the proliferation of the epithelial lining of the uterus and the development and maturation of
the female reproductive organs.
Progesterone - (correct Answer) - A hormone produced by the corpus luteum that acts with estrogen to
initiate the menstrual cycle in girls entering puberty.
Fimbriae - (correct Answer) - Fringelike structures on the funnel-shaped end of the oviduct that assist in
guiding the ovum into the oviduct.
Ovum - (correct Answer) - The female reproductive cell that is released during ovulation.
, Fertilization - (correct Answer) - The process that normally occurs in the oviduct where the sperm and
ovum unite.
Cervix - (correct Answer) - The narrow lower portion of the uterus.
Fundus - (correct Answer) - The portion of the uterus that forms a bulging prominence above the entry
point of the oviducts.
Myometrium - (correct Answer) - The muscle layer of the uterus.
Sperm midpiece - (correct Answer) - The part of the sperm that contains mitochondria, providing energy
for movement.
Testosterone - (correct Answer) - The masculinizing hormone that promotes and maintains the
development of male accessory organs.
Granulosa cells - (correct Answer) - Cells surrounding the oocyte that produce estrogen.
Corpus luteum - (correct Answer) - A temporary endocrine structure involved in the production of
progesterone.
Oviduct - (correct Answer) - The tube through which the ovum travels from the ovary to the uterus.
Uterine tubes - (correct Answer) - Another term for oviducts, where fertilization typically occurs.
Epithelial lining of the uterus - (correct Answer) - The tissue that estrogen stimulates to proliferate.
Menstrual cycle - (correct Answer) - The monthly cycle of changes in the female reproductive system,
initiated by hormones.
Vaginal outlet - (correct Answer) - The external opening of the vagina.
Lubricating fluid - (correct Answer) - A fluid secreted by structures on either side of the vaginal outlet.
Spermatogonia - (correct Answer) - The male germ cells that undergo division to form sperm.
Unique cell division at puberty - (correct Answer) - The process by which spermatogonia undergo meiosis
to produce sperm.
Accessory organs - (correct Answer) - Organs that support the reproductive process in males, influenced
by testosterone.
Ovulation - (correct Answer) - The release of an ovum from the ovary.
ductus deferens - (correct Answer) - The tube that leaves the scrotal sac and enters the abdominal cavity.
epididymis - (correct Answer) - The tightly coiled tube that lies along the top and sides of the testes.
urethra - (correct Answer) - The tube that carries sperm out of the body and is also part of the urinary
system.
seminal fluid - (correct Answer) - Contains about 100,000 sperm per milliliter and is slightly alkaline.
The lactiferous ducts - (correct Answer) - drain milk from the alveoli of the breasts, carry milk toward the
nipple, and drain only one lobe of each breast.
The erectile tissue of the female external genitalia - (correct Answer) - the clitoris.
The part of the female reproductive cycle that involves passage of part of the inner lining of the uterus
and blood - (correct Answer) - menses.
The part of the female reproductive cycle that occurs when the egg is released from the ovary - (correct
Answer) - ovulation.
The part of the female reproductive cycle that begins at the end of menses and ends at ovulation -
(correct Answer) - the proliferative phase.
The corpus luteum functions as an endocrine gland during part of the female reproductive cycle -
(correct Answer) - the secretory phase.
The part of the female reproductive cycle that begins at ovulation and ends at the start of menses -
(correct Answer) - the secretory phase.
The structure that produces a thick, yellowish fluid that contains fructose and composes about 60% of
the seminal fluid volume - (correct Answer) - seminal vesicles.
The scrotum contains which of the following structures? - (correct Answer) - Testes and epididymis.
The essential organ of the female reproductive system - (correct Answer) - ovary.
After ovulation, the hormone-secreting remnant of the follicle - (correct Answer) - corpus luteum.
Oogenesis differs from spermatogenesis because in oogenesis - (correct Answer) - polar bodies are
produced.
Gonadotropin releasing hormone - (correct Answer) - Produced by the hypothalamus, it stimulates the
release of gonadotropins from the anterior pituitary.
Estrogen - (correct Answer) - A hormone produced by the granulosa cells around the oocytes that
stimulates the proliferation of the epithelial lining of the uterus and the development and maturation of
the female reproductive organs.
Progesterone - (correct Answer) - A hormone produced by the corpus luteum that acts with estrogen to
initiate the menstrual cycle in girls entering puberty.
Fimbriae - (correct Answer) - Fringelike structures on the funnel-shaped end of the oviduct that assist in
guiding the ovum into the oviduct.
Ovum - (correct Answer) - The female reproductive cell that is released during ovulation.
, Fertilization - (correct Answer) - The process that normally occurs in the oviduct where the sperm and
ovum unite.
Cervix - (correct Answer) - The narrow lower portion of the uterus.
Fundus - (correct Answer) - The portion of the uterus that forms a bulging prominence above the entry
point of the oviducts.
Myometrium - (correct Answer) - The muscle layer of the uterus.
Sperm midpiece - (correct Answer) - The part of the sperm that contains mitochondria, providing energy
for movement.
Testosterone - (correct Answer) - The masculinizing hormone that promotes and maintains the
development of male accessory organs.
Granulosa cells - (correct Answer) - Cells surrounding the oocyte that produce estrogen.
Corpus luteum - (correct Answer) - A temporary endocrine structure involved in the production of
progesterone.
Oviduct - (correct Answer) - The tube through which the ovum travels from the ovary to the uterus.
Uterine tubes - (correct Answer) - Another term for oviducts, where fertilization typically occurs.
Epithelial lining of the uterus - (correct Answer) - The tissue that estrogen stimulates to proliferate.
Menstrual cycle - (correct Answer) - The monthly cycle of changes in the female reproductive system,
initiated by hormones.
Vaginal outlet - (correct Answer) - The external opening of the vagina.
Lubricating fluid - (correct Answer) - A fluid secreted by structures on either side of the vaginal outlet.
Spermatogonia - (correct Answer) - The male germ cells that undergo division to form sperm.
Unique cell division at puberty - (correct Answer) - The process by which spermatogonia undergo meiosis
to produce sperm.
Accessory organs - (correct Answer) - Organs that support the reproductive process in males, influenced
by testosterone.
Ovulation - (correct Answer) - The release of an ovum from the ovary.
ductus deferens - (correct Answer) - The tube that leaves the scrotal sac and enters the abdominal cavity.
epididymis - (correct Answer) - The tightly coiled tube that lies along the top and sides of the testes.
urethra - (correct Answer) - The tube that carries sperm out of the body and is also part of the urinary
system.
seminal fluid - (correct Answer) - Contains about 100,000 sperm per milliliter and is slightly alkaline.
