1. Science
2. Medicine
HESI Pharmacology Exit Exam V2 2025/2026 [ACTUAL EXAM]
LATEST VERSION [QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS] WITH
PRACTICE EXAM DETAILED AND VERIFIED FOR
GUARANTEED PASS- LATEST UPDATE 2025 GRADED A
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan - CORRECT ANSWER
Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli) - CORRECT ANSWER For PTs with BMI
of 30+; LT weight control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli) - CORRECT ANSWER Oily stool and flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli) - CORRECT ANSWER Ask pt
to describe dietary intake since SE are increased if greater than 30% of fat is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli) - CORRECT ANSWER
Fiber laxatives like Metamucil help decrease SE by binding to the fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water? - CORRECT ANSWER Bulk forming
laxatives
Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming laxatives - CORRECT
ANSWER Because they can produce esophageal and or intestinal obstruction
Laxative use assessment - CORRECT ANSWER Last BM and characteristics,
abdominal pain, fever and obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid intake.
With laxative use the nurse should - CORRECT ANSWER Encourage fluids, fiber
and exercise as tolerated/indicated
Laxative use and result in - CORRECT ANSWER Lack of bowel tone which can lead
to dependency
what is ondansetron (zofran) - CORRECT ANSWER antiemetic
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for? - CORRECT ANSWER Prevention of N/V
associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
,Who should you use caution with when giving ondansetron/zofran? - CORRECT
ANSWER PTs with liver failure
Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns - CORRECT ANSWER 5 aminosalicylates;
mesalamie, sulfasalazine.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work? - CORRECT ANSWER
They decrease GI inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) - CORRECT ANSWER
Nausea, rash, arthralgia, hematological disorders
Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff - CORRECT ANSWER Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff - CORRECT ANSWER Suprainfection
What is azithromycin/zithromax? - CORRECT ANSWER An antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat? - CORRECT ANSWER STDs such as:
gonorrhea and chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required? - CORRECT ANSWER One
dose of 1g or 2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic does the male need to be
tested? - CORRECT ANSWER Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what? - CORRECT ANSWER Hepatotoxicity-
elevated liver enzymes
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for? - CORRECT ANSWER An antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect - CORRECT ANSWER Hepatotoxicity, skin reactions,
neuropathy
nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations - CORRECT ANSWER Give with milk or
meals check LFTs. Watch for numbness or tingling of extremities this can be an
irreversible peripheral neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff? - CORRECT ANSWER Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken? - CORRECT ANSWER With food and
around the clock
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why? - CORRECT
ANSWER Alcohol; can cause a disulfiram-like reaction
, aminoglycosides examples - CORRECT ANSWER gentamicin(garamycin),
neomycin, tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? - CORRECT ANSWER
given IV for several days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin) - CORRECT ANSWER
decreased hearing/ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)? -
CORRECT ANSWER BUN and creatinine
DOC for MRSA - CORRECT ANSWER vancomycin
what is MRSA - CORRECT ANSWER severe staph infections that have become
resistant to most antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin - CORRECT ANSWER acute care requires
frequent monitoring og serum drug level for dose adjustment. peak and trough
schedule. trough is drawn just prior to next dose.
risks when using vancomycin - CORRECT ANSWER nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin - CORRECT ANSWER thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if
infused too rapidly: flushing or rash of upper body, dyspnea, itching, hypotension- can
be lethal
how long should IV vancomycin infuse? - CORRECT ANSWER greater than 60
minutes
what is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole? - CORRECT ANSWER it is a sulfonamide for
treatment of UTI. combination increases efficacy and inhibits metabolism of folic acid at
two different points
what is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole known for? - CORRECT ANSWER sulfa
allergy
nursing implications for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole - CORRECT ANSWER
assess for rash due to potential for stevens johnson syndrome
penicillins have a ____ to ____ - CORRECT ANSWER cross-sensitivity;
cephalosporins. they are structurally similar.
2. Medicine
HESI Pharmacology Exit Exam V2 2025/2026 [ACTUAL EXAM]
LATEST VERSION [QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS] WITH
PRACTICE EXAM DETAILED AND VERIFIED FOR
GUARANTEED PASS- LATEST UPDATE 2025 GRADED A
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan - CORRECT ANSWER
Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli) - CORRECT ANSWER For PTs with BMI
of 30+; LT weight control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli) - CORRECT ANSWER Oily stool and flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli) - CORRECT ANSWER Ask pt
to describe dietary intake since SE are increased if greater than 30% of fat is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli) - CORRECT ANSWER
Fiber laxatives like Metamucil help decrease SE by binding to the fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water? - CORRECT ANSWER Bulk forming
laxatives
Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming laxatives - CORRECT
ANSWER Because they can produce esophageal and or intestinal obstruction
Laxative use assessment - CORRECT ANSWER Last BM and characteristics,
abdominal pain, fever and obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid intake.
With laxative use the nurse should - CORRECT ANSWER Encourage fluids, fiber
and exercise as tolerated/indicated
Laxative use and result in - CORRECT ANSWER Lack of bowel tone which can lead
to dependency
what is ondansetron (zofran) - CORRECT ANSWER antiemetic
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for? - CORRECT ANSWER Prevention of N/V
associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
,Who should you use caution with when giving ondansetron/zofran? - CORRECT
ANSWER PTs with liver failure
Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns - CORRECT ANSWER 5 aminosalicylates;
mesalamie, sulfasalazine.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work? - CORRECT ANSWER
They decrease GI inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) - CORRECT ANSWER
Nausea, rash, arthralgia, hematological disorders
Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff - CORRECT ANSWER Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff - CORRECT ANSWER Suprainfection
What is azithromycin/zithromax? - CORRECT ANSWER An antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat? - CORRECT ANSWER STDs such as:
gonorrhea and chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required? - CORRECT ANSWER One
dose of 1g or 2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic does the male need to be
tested? - CORRECT ANSWER Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what? - CORRECT ANSWER Hepatotoxicity-
elevated liver enzymes
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for? - CORRECT ANSWER An antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect - CORRECT ANSWER Hepatotoxicity, skin reactions,
neuropathy
nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations - CORRECT ANSWER Give with milk or
meals check LFTs. Watch for numbness or tingling of extremities this can be an
irreversible peripheral neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff? - CORRECT ANSWER Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken? - CORRECT ANSWER With food and
around the clock
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why? - CORRECT
ANSWER Alcohol; can cause a disulfiram-like reaction
, aminoglycosides examples - CORRECT ANSWER gentamicin(garamycin),
neomycin, tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? - CORRECT ANSWER
given IV for several days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin) - CORRECT ANSWER
decreased hearing/ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)? -
CORRECT ANSWER BUN and creatinine
DOC for MRSA - CORRECT ANSWER vancomycin
what is MRSA - CORRECT ANSWER severe staph infections that have become
resistant to most antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin - CORRECT ANSWER acute care requires
frequent monitoring og serum drug level for dose adjustment. peak and trough
schedule. trough is drawn just prior to next dose.
risks when using vancomycin - CORRECT ANSWER nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin - CORRECT ANSWER thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if
infused too rapidly: flushing or rash of upper body, dyspnea, itching, hypotension- can
be lethal
how long should IV vancomycin infuse? - CORRECT ANSWER greater than 60
minutes
what is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole? - CORRECT ANSWER it is a sulfonamide for
treatment of UTI. combination increases efficacy and inhibits metabolism of folic acid at
two different points
what is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole known for? - CORRECT ANSWER sulfa
allergy
nursing implications for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole - CORRECT ANSWER
assess for rash due to potential for stevens johnson syndrome
penicillins have a ____ to ____ - CORRECT ANSWER cross-sensitivity;
cephalosporins. they are structurally similar.
