Test Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology 6th Edition – Comprehensive Study Guide & Practice Questions

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TestuBankuUnderstandinguPathophysiologyu6thuEdition


Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
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Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition
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MULTIPLEuCHOICES


1. Austudentuisuobservinguaucelluunderutheumicroscope.uItuisuobservedutouhaveusupercoileduDNAu
withuhistones.uWhichuofutheufollowinguwouldualsoubeuobservedubyutheustudent?
a. Ausingleucircularuchromosome
b. Aunucleus
c. Free-floatingunuclearumaterial
d. Nouorganelles

ANS:u B
Theucelludescribeduisuaueukaryoticucell,usouituhasuhistonesuanduausupercoileduDNAuwithinuitsun
ucleus;uthus,utheunucleusushouldubeuobserved.uAusingleucircularuchromosomeucalleduauprokar
yoteucontainsufree-floatingunuclearumaterialubutuhasunouorganelles.


REF:u p.u2


2. Aunurseuisuinstructingutheustaffuaboutucellularufunctions.uWhichucellularufunctionuisutheunurseud
escribinguwhenuanuisolateducelluabsorbsuoxygenuanduusesuitutoutransformunutrientsutouenergy?
a. Metabolicuabsorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration

ANS:u D




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, TestuBankuUnderstandinguPathophysiologyu6thuEdition
Theucell’suabilityutouabsorbuoxygenuisureferredutouasurespirationuwhileuitsucommunicationuabilityui
nvolvesumaintenanceuofuausteadyudynamicustate,umetabolicuabsorptionuprovidesunutrition,uanduse
cretionuallowsuforutheusynthesizinguofunewusubstances.


REF:u p.u2


3. AueukaryoticucelluisuundergoinguDNAureplication.uInuwhichuregionuofutheucelluwouldumostuofut
heugeneticuinformationubeucontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. NucleusuCytoplasm

ANS:u C
Theuregionuofutheucelluthatucontainsugeneticumaterial,uincludinguaulargeuamountuofuribonucleicua
cid,umostuofutheuDNA,uanduDNA-
bindinguproteins,uisutheunucleolus,uwhichuisulocateduwithinutheucell’sunucleus.uMitochondriauisu
associateduwithucellularurespiration,uwhileuribosomesuareuinvolveduwithuproteinumanufacturin
g.uCytoplasmuisuaufluidufillinguthatuisuaucomponentuofutheucell.


REF:u p.u2

4. Whichuofutheufollowingucanuremoveuproteinsuattachedutoutheucell’subilayerubyudissolvingutheul
ayeruitself?
a. Peripheralumembraneuproteins
b. Integralumembraneuproteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Celluadhesionumolecules

ANS:u B
Proteinsudirectlyuattachedutoutheumembraneubilayerucanubeuremovedubyutheuactionuofuintegralum
embraneuproteinsuthatudissolveutheubilayer.uPeripheralumembraneuproteinsuresideuatutheusurfac
euwhileucelluadhesionumoleculesuareuonutheuoutsideuofutheumembrane.uGlycoproteinumarksucell
suandudoesunotufloat.


REF:u p.u7


5. Whichuofutheufollowingucanubindutouplasmaumembraneureceptors?


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a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathiculipids
d. Ligands

ANS:u D
Ligandsuareutheuonlyuspecificumoleculesuthatucanubinduwithureceptorsuonutheucellumembrane.


REF:u p.u9


6. Aunurseuisureviewinguaureportufromuaupatientuwithumetastaticucancer.uWhatualternationuinutheeu

pU
xtracellularumatrixuwouldusuNpoRrtSthIeNdG
iaT
gnBo.
siC
suofM
metastaticucancer?
a. Decreasedufibronectin
b. Increaseducollagen
c. Decreaseduelastin
d. Increaseduglycoproteins

ANS:u A
Onlyuaureduceduamountuofufibronectinuisufounduinusomeutypesuofucancerousucells,uallowingut
hemutoutraveluorumetastasize.


REF:u p.u10


7. Whichuformuofucellucommunicationuisuusedutourelateutouotherucellsuinudirectuphysicalucontact?
a. Cellujunction
b. Gapujunction
c. Desmosome
d. Tightujunction

ANS:u A
Cellujunctionsuholducellsutogetheruandupermitumoleculesutoupassufromucellutoucell.
Gapujunctionsuallowuforucellularucommunicationubetweenucells.uNeitherudesmosomesunorutightuj
unctionsuareuassociateduwithucellularucommunication.


REF:u p.u11




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8. Pancreaticubetaucellsusecreteuinsulin,uwhichuinhibitsusecretionuofuglucagonufromuneighboringua
lphaucells.uThisuactionuisuanuexampleuofuwhichuofutheufollowingusignalingutypes?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal

ANS:u A
Paracrineusignalinguinvolvesutheureleaseuofulocaluchemicalumediatorsuthatuareuquicklyutakenuup,ud
estroyed,uoruimmobilized,uasuinutheucaseuofuinsulinuandutheuinhibitionuofutheusecretionuofuglucago
n.uNoneuofutheuotheruoptionsuinvolveusignalinguthatuisuassociateduwithuaulocaluchemicalumediatoru
likeuinsulin.


REF:u p.u12


9. Inucellularumetabolism,ueachuenzymeuhasuauhighuaffinityuforua:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.

ANS:u B
Eachuenzymeuhasuauhighuaffinityuforuausubstrate,uauspecificusubstanceuconvertedutouauproductuofut
heureaction.uCellularumetabolismuisunotudependentuonuanuattractionubetweenuanuenzymeuanduanyu
ofutheuremaininguoptions.


REF:u p.u16




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