Nurs 299 Exam 2 Questions With Correct
Detailed Answers.
Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020 - ANSWER- -Guide to adequate nutrition
intake levels against which are compared to nutrient values of food
-Support healthy eating
5 Major Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020 - ANSWER- 1) Follow a healthy eating
pattern across the lifespan
2) Focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount
3) Limit calories from added sugars and saturated fats and reduce sodium intake
4) Shift to healthier food and beverage choices
5) Support healthy eating patterns for all
· Diet and cancer prevention - ANSWER- -Eat 2.5 cups of veggies and 2 cups fruits
-leafy greens, legumes, fruits, veggies, lots of folate
-Limit amounts of red meat, whole-fat dairy, high fat (one-third plate); 3 oz meat, fish, or
chicken
-Balance calorie intake and exercise
-Limit alcohol
-eat whole grains
-prepare food in healthy ways
· Top cancer causing foods - ANSWER- -Processed meats, cookies, hot dogs, French
fries, doughnuts, crackers, chips, bacon
· Top anti cancer foods - ANSWER- -Leafy veggies, cauliflower, turmeric, soursop,
broccoli, noni, tomatoes, garlic
· Type-2 diabetes risk factors & exercise - ANSWER- -minority and elderly affected
disproportionally
-dietary fat intake
-Obesity, hypertension, alcoholism
-exercise daily to minimize sugar levels in diet (increase insulin sensitivity, burning
carbs, improve glycemic control)
-family history matters
SNAP - ANSWER- Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: food stamps monthly to
help low income families buy nutritious food
WIC - ANSWER- PREGNANT Women, infant, children: nutrition education to low
income pregnant/ post-partum women and children under 5. Outcomes: Lower medicaid
costs, longer gestation, higher birth weights, lower infant mortality rates
, NSLP - ANSWER- National School Lunch Program: help schools provide balanced,
low-cost/ free lunches
· Obesity in children and trends - ANSWER- -1/3 children are obese, and 2/3 adults are
obese.
-Obese BMI is 30 or higher
-Current generation of children may be less healthy and have shorter lives
-due to high calorie food and lack of exercise (electronic use)
· Heart disease and diet - ANSWER- -goal is to prevent HD
-balanced diet with fruit, veggies, grains
-limit high calorie foods, tans-fat, alcohol
-limit sodium and increase potassium, calcium, and magnesium
-Whole grains reduce risk of heart disease.
-reduce saturated fats
Stages of change - ANSWER- -Pre-contemplative (not considering change)
-Contemplative (aware but not considering change soon)
-Preparational (planning to change)
-Action (has begun to make behavioral change)
-Maintenance (continued commitment to behavior- long term)
-Relapse (reverted to old behavior)
Exercise changes - ANSWER- -Build a rhythm of physical activity (build a habit)
-Create a supportive environment- health care professionals should recognize stages of
change
-Make sure the client is ready to change and build their plan with them
-Incorporate rewards
· Osteoarthritis and exercise - ANSWER- -Aquatic exercise (swimming)
-improve function and decrease pain
-resistance without irritating joints
· Osteoporosis and exercise - ANSWER- -Exercise prevents osteoporosis
-Exercise to increase bone mass development (BMD)
-Goal: increase mechanical stress on bone
-Workouts: weight bearing, aerobic, resistance training
-3-5 times a week for 20-30 min (150min a week)
· Effects of stress on the body - ANSWER- -Fight or flight: sympathetic nervous system
release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Results in increased metabolism, pulse rate,
bp, respiratory rate, and muscle tension-Corticosteroids and other neuroendocrine
substance release increases glucose levels, sodium retention and anti-inflammatory
response
Detailed Answers.
Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020 - ANSWER- -Guide to adequate nutrition
intake levels against which are compared to nutrient values of food
-Support healthy eating
5 Major Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020 - ANSWER- 1) Follow a healthy eating
pattern across the lifespan
2) Focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount
3) Limit calories from added sugars and saturated fats and reduce sodium intake
4) Shift to healthier food and beverage choices
5) Support healthy eating patterns for all
· Diet and cancer prevention - ANSWER- -Eat 2.5 cups of veggies and 2 cups fruits
-leafy greens, legumes, fruits, veggies, lots of folate
-Limit amounts of red meat, whole-fat dairy, high fat (one-third plate); 3 oz meat, fish, or
chicken
-Balance calorie intake and exercise
-Limit alcohol
-eat whole grains
-prepare food in healthy ways
· Top cancer causing foods - ANSWER- -Processed meats, cookies, hot dogs, French
fries, doughnuts, crackers, chips, bacon
· Top anti cancer foods - ANSWER- -Leafy veggies, cauliflower, turmeric, soursop,
broccoli, noni, tomatoes, garlic
· Type-2 diabetes risk factors & exercise - ANSWER- -minority and elderly affected
disproportionally
-dietary fat intake
-Obesity, hypertension, alcoholism
-exercise daily to minimize sugar levels in diet (increase insulin sensitivity, burning
carbs, improve glycemic control)
-family history matters
SNAP - ANSWER- Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: food stamps monthly to
help low income families buy nutritious food
WIC - ANSWER- PREGNANT Women, infant, children: nutrition education to low
income pregnant/ post-partum women and children under 5. Outcomes: Lower medicaid
costs, longer gestation, higher birth weights, lower infant mortality rates
, NSLP - ANSWER- National School Lunch Program: help schools provide balanced,
low-cost/ free lunches
· Obesity in children and trends - ANSWER- -1/3 children are obese, and 2/3 adults are
obese.
-Obese BMI is 30 or higher
-Current generation of children may be less healthy and have shorter lives
-due to high calorie food and lack of exercise (electronic use)
· Heart disease and diet - ANSWER- -goal is to prevent HD
-balanced diet with fruit, veggies, grains
-limit high calorie foods, tans-fat, alcohol
-limit sodium and increase potassium, calcium, and magnesium
-Whole grains reduce risk of heart disease.
-reduce saturated fats
Stages of change - ANSWER- -Pre-contemplative (not considering change)
-Contemplative (aware but not considering change soon)
-Preparational (planning to change)
-Action (has begun to make behavioral change)
-Maintenance (continued commitment to behavior- long term)
-Relapse (reverted to old behavior)
Exercise changes - ANSWER- -Build a rhythm of physical activity (build a habit)
-Create a supportive environment- health care professionals should recognize stages of
change
-Make sure the client is ready to change and build their plan with them
-Incorporate rewards
· Osteoarthritis and exercise - ANSWER- -Aquatic exercise (swimming)
-improve function and decrease pain
-resistance without irritating joints
· Osteoporosis and exercise - ANSWER- -Exercise prevents osteoporosis
-Exercise to increase bone mass development (BMD)
-Goal: increase mechanical stress on bone
-Workouts: weight bearing, aerobic, resistance training
-3-5 times a week for 20-30 min (150min a week)
· Effects of stress on the body - ANSWER- -Fight or flight: sympathetic nervous system
release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Results in increased metabolism, pulse rate,
bp, respiratory rate, and muscle tension-Corticosteroids and other neuroendocrine
substance release increases glucose levels, sodium retention and anti-inflammatory
response
