Professional Nursing Concepts Ch 1-6
Final Exam Questions and All Correct
Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
ANA definition of nursing - Answer "The protection, promotion, and optimization of health
and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and
treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities,
and populations".
Altruism - Answer the nurse shows concern for the welfare of patients, other nurses, and
other health care providers.
Autonomy - Answer i. Planning care in partnership with patients
ii. Honoring the right of patients and families to make decisions about health care
iii. Providing information so patients can make informed choices and decisions.
Human dignity - Answer i. Providing culturally competent and sensitive care
ii. Protecting the patient's privacy
iii. Preserving confidentiality of patients and health care providers; and
iv. Designing care with sensitivity to individual patient needs.
Integrity - Answer Acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted
standards of practice
Social Justice - Answer i. Supports fairness and non-discrimination in the delivery of care;
ii. Promotes universal access to health care; and
iii. Encourages legislation and policy consistent with the advancement of nursing care and
health care.
how professional nursing values are acquired. - Answer a. Acquired during socialization into
nursing from code of ethics, nursing experiences, teachers, and peers.
b. Traditions and cultural, ethnic, and religious groups
,Attitudes - Answer Mental positions or feelings toward a person, object, or idea
the 7-step Patient Value Clarification Process. - Answer 1. List alternatives
2. Examine possible consequences of choices
3. Choose freely
4. Feel good about the choice
5. Affirm the choice
6. Act on the choice
7. Act with a pattern
What is the 7-step Patient Value Clarification Process. - Answer A process for a nurse to use
when patients' value system is detrimental to their health
CARING - Answer promoting health, healing, and hope in response to the human condition
INTEGRITY - Answer respecting the dignity and moral wholeness of every person without
conditions or limitation
DIVERSITY - Answer affirming the uniqueness of and differences among persons, ideas, values,
and ethnicities
EXCELLENCE - Answer creating and implementing transformative strategies with daring
ingenuity
Truth - Answer i. Faithfulness to fact or reality
ii. Attitudes
1. Accountability
2. Authenticity
3. Honesty
4. Inquisitiveness
5. Rationality
, o Saved many lives in Crimean war
o Focus on cleanliness & Nutrition
o Founded first nursing school 1860
o Focused on data and outcomes
o Layed foundation for evidence based practice: Notes on Nursing
Dix and Barton - Answer recruited nurses in the civil war
Mahoney - Answer initiated integration of Nursing
Wald - Answer established Public Health Nursing
Jewish doctors - Answer developed a hygeine code
o Beliefs: Disease is a curse r/t sin
Romans - Answer used slaves for nursing care
Greeks - Answer Hippocrates (father of western medicine) wrote first medical text
Christianity in Middle Ages - Answer o Wealthy women helped peasants
o Deaconesses gave care in homes
o Catholic convents founded religious orders
o Reformation - convents closed
Renaissance - Answer o Dark period for nursing
o Prostitutes and prisoners served as nurses
o Fighting, foul language, petty theft
o Expansion of scientific knowledge
o Divinci - anatomy
o Small pox vaccine
o Stethoscope developed
Final Exam Questions and All Correct
Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
ANA definition of nursing - Answer "The protection, promotion, and optimization of health
and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and
treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities,
and populations".
Altruism - Answer the nurse shows concern for the welfare of patients, other nurses, and
other health care providers.
Autonomy - Answer i. Planning care in partnership with patients
ii. Honoring the right of patients and families to make decisions about health care
iii. Providing information so patients can make informed choices and decisions.
Human dignity - Answer i. Providing culturally competent and sensitive care
ii. Protecting the patient's privacy
iii. Preserving confidentiality of patients and health care providers; and
iv. Designing care with sensitivity to individual patient needs.
Integrity - Answer Acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted
standards of practice
Social Justice - Answer i. Supports fairness and non-discrimination in the delivery of care;
ii. Promotes universal access to health care; and
iii. Encourages legislation and policy consistent with the advancement of nursing care and
health care.
how professional nursing values are acquired. - Answer a. Acquired during socialization into
nursing from code of ethics, nursing experiences, teachers, and peers.
b. Traditions and cultural, ethnic, and religious groups
,Attitudes - Answer Mental positions or feelings toward a person, object, or idea
the 7-step Patient Value Clarification Process. - Answer 1. List alternatives
2. Examine possible consequences of choices
3. Choose freely
4. Feel good about the choice
5. Affirm the choice
6. Act on the choice
7. Act with a pattern
What is the 7-step Patient Value Clarification Process. - Answer A process for a nurse to use
when patients' value system is detrimental to their health
CARING - Answer promoting health, healing, and hope in response to the human condition
INTEGRITY - Answer respecting the dignity and moral wholeness of every person without
conditions or limitation
DIVERSITY - Answer affirming the uniqueness of and differences among persons, ideas, values,
and ethnicities
EXCELLENCE - Answer creating and implementing transformative strategies with daring
ingenuity
Truth - Answer i. Faithfulness to fact or reality
ii. Attitudes
1. Accountability
2. Authenticity
3. Honesty
4. Inquisitiveness
5. Rationality
, o Saved many lives in Crimean war
o Focus on cleanliness & Nutrition
o Founded first nursing school 1860
o Focused on data and outcomes
o Layed foundation for evidence based practice: Notes on Nursing
Dix and Barton - Answer recruited nurses in the civil war
Mahoney - Answer initiated integration of Nursing
Wald - Answer established Public Health Nursing
Jewish doctors - Answer developed a hygeine code
o Beliefs: Disease is a curse r/t sin
Romans - Answer used slaves for nursing care
Greeks - Answer Hippocrates (father of western medicine) wrote first medical text
Christianity in Middle Ages - Answer o Wealthy women helped peasants
o Deaconesses gave care in homes
o Catholic convents founded religious orders
o Reformation - convents closed
Renaissance - Answer o Dark period for nursing
o Prostitutes and prisoners served as nurses
o Fighting, foul language, petty theft
o Expansion of scientific knowledge
o Divinci - anatomy
o Small pox vaccine
o Stethoscope developed
