MTTC INTEGRATED SCIENCE (SECONDARY)
EXAM 2025 -2026 QUESTIONS AND
(ELABORATED) WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Reticule slide - CORRECT ANSWER-marked with grid line, useful for counting or
estimating a quantity
Preparing acid solutions - CORRECT ANSWER-Always add acid to 2/3 water, then add
rest of water
# of Animal species - CORRECT ANSWER-over 1 million species and about 30
divisions
# of insects - CORRECT ANSWER-800,000 species, half of animal kingdom
Characteristics of animal kingdom - CORRECT ANSWER-multicellular, heterotrophic,
reproduce sexually, do not have cell walls or chloroplasts, can move at some stage of
life, can rapidly respond to environment due to specialized tissues like nerve and
muscle
Heterotrophic - CORRECT ANSWER-method of getting energy by eating food that has
energy releasing substances
Mendel - CORRECT ANSWER-Father of genetics, experimented with pea plants to
observe inherited traits
McClintock - CORRECT ANSWER-Created the first genetic map for maize,
demonstrated recombination, how transposition flips the switch for traits.
Watson and Crick - CORRECT ANSWER-Discovered the structure of DNA double helix
and helped explain how DNA replicates.
Leeuwenhoek - CORRECT ANSWER-First to observe single celled organisms with
homemade magnifying glass. Observed bacteria, yeast, plants and other microscopic
organisms.
Linnaeus - CORRECT ANSWER-Created a method of classifying plants and animals, a
way to organize and study large amounts of data, called Linnaean taxonomy.
,Darwin - CORRECT ANSWER-natural selection, survival of the fittest by observing
finches. Also discovered fossils, noted stratification, dissected marine animals and
interacted with indigenous peoples.
Scientific fact - CORRECT ANSWER-an objective and verifiable observation
Scientific theory - CORRECT ANSWER-greater body of accepted knowledge,
principles, relationships that might explain a fact.
Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-Educated guess that is not yet proven. Used to
predict the outcome of an experiment
Law - CORRECT ANSWER-An explanation of events that always leads to the same
outcome.
Model - CORRECT ANSWER-Used to explain something on a smaller scale or in
simpler terms.
Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWER-Identify a problem
Formulate a hypothesis
Conduct experiments
Observe results
Draw conclusions
Peer review
Random errors in data - CORRECT ANSWER-Sometimes called noise, wildly different
from the rest of the data. Does not affect average
Systematic errors in data - CORRECT ANSWER-Shows up consistently across a data
set, may be the result of a flaw in experimental design. Affects average, also known as
bias.
Mean - CORRECT ANSWER-Average
Median - CORRECT ANSWER-Middle number
Mode - CORRECT ANSWER-Value that appears most frequently
Range - CORRECT ANSWER-Difference between highest and lowest numbers
, Standard Deviation - CORRECT ANSWER-How far from the mean is from a single data
likely to be, measures dispersion of data set
Ampere (A) - CORRECT ANSWER-SI unit used to measure electric current
Kelvin (K) - CORRECT ANSWER-SI unit used to measure thermodynamic temperature
Candela (cd) - CORRECT ANSWER-SI unit used to measure luminous intensity
National Science Education Standards - CORRECT ANSWER-Understand scientific
concepts
Appreciate "how we know" what we know in science
Understand the nature of science
Develop the skills necessary to become independent inquirers about the natural world
Develop the skills necessary to use the skills, abilities, and attitudes associated with
science
Regression analysis - CORRECT ANSWER-Method of analyzing sets of data and sets
of variables that involve studying how the typical value of the dependent variable
changes when one independent variable changes and the other remains the same.
Proteomic phyla - CORRECT ANSWER-Mouths are formed from the blastopore. Ex:
Mollusca, Annelida, Arthropods
Animal phyla that lack a coelom or have a psedocoelom - CORRECT ANSWER-
Peripheral, Cnidarian, Platyhelminthes, Nematode
# of invertebrates in animal kingdom - CORRECT ANSWER-98% of animal species, 30
phyla
Phylum Chordata - CORRECT ANSWER-Vertebrates, two cavities - thoracic holds
heart and lungs, abdominal holds digestive organs. All have endoskeletons
Deuterostome phyla - CORRECT ANSWER-Anuses are formed from blastopores,
Echinodermata and Chordata
Epithelial tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-Found on body surfaces and lining body
cavities, ex: skin and stomach lining. Functions are protections, secretion of chemicals,
EXAM 2025 -2026 QUESTIONS AND
(ELABORATED) WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Reticule slide - CORRECT ANSWER-marked with grid line, useful for counting or
estimating a quantity
Preparing acid solutions - CORRECT ANSWER-Always add acid to 2/3 water, then add
rest of water
# of Animal species - CORRECT ANSWER-over 1 million species and about 30
divisions
# of insects - CORRECT ANSWER-800,000 species, half of animal kingdom
Characteristics of animal kingdom - CORRECT ANSWER-multicellular, heterotrophic,
reproduce sexually, do not have cell walls or chloroplasts, can move at some stage of
life, can rapidly respond to environment due to specialized tissues like nerve and
muscle
Heterotrophic - CORRECT ANSWER-method of getting energy by eating food that has
energy releasing substances
Mendel - CORRECT ANSWER-Father of genetics, experimented with pea plants to
observe inherited traits
McClintock - CORRECT ANSWER-Created the first genetic map for maize,
demonstrated recombination, how transposition flips the switch for traits.
Watson and Crick - CORRECT ANSWER-Discovered the structure of DNA double helix
and helped explain how DNA replicates.
Leeuwenhoek - CORRECT ANSWER-First to observe single celled organisms with
homemade magnifying glass. Observed bacteria, yeast, plants and other microscopic
organisms.
Linnaeus - CORRECT ANSWER-Created a method of classifying plants and animals, a
way to organize and study large amounts of data, called Linnaean taxonomy.
,Darwin - CORRECT ANSWER-natural selection, survival of the fittest by observing
finches. Also discovered fossils, noted stratification, dissected marine animals and
interacted with indigenous peoples.
Scientific fact - CORRECT ANSWER-an objective and verifiable observation
Scientific theory - CORRECT ANSWER-greater body of accepted knowledge,
principles, relationships that might explain a fact.
Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER-Educated guess that is not yet proven. Used to
predict the outcome of an experiment
Law - CORRECT ANSWER-An explanation of events that always leads to the same
outcome.
Model - CORRECT ANSWER-Used to explain something on a smaller scale or in
simpler terms.
Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWER-Identify a problem
Formulate a hypothesis
Conduct experiments
Observe results
Draw conclusions
Peer review
Random errors in data - CORRECT ANSWER-Sometimes called noise, wildly different
from the rest of the data. Does not affect average
Systematic errors in data - CORRECT ANSWER-Shows up consistently across a data
set, may be the result of a flaw in experimental design. Affects average, also known as
bias.
Mean - CORRECT ANSWER-Average
Median - CORRECT ANSWER-Middle number
Mode - CORRECT ANSWER-Value that appears most frequently
Range - CORRECT ANSWER-Difference between highest and lowest numbers
, Standard Deviation - CORRECT ANSWER-How far from the mean is from a single data
likely to be, measures dispersion of data set
Ampere (A) - CORRECT ANSWER-SI unit used to measure electric current
Kelvin (K) - CORRECT ANSWER-SI unit used to measure thermodynamic temperature
Candela (cd) - CORRECT ANSWER-SI unit used to measure luminous intensity
National Science Education Standards - CORRECT ANSWER-Understand scientific
concepts
Appreciate "how we know" what we know in science
Understand the nature of science
Develop the skills necessary to become independent inquirers about the natural world
Develop the skills necessary to use the skills, abilities, and attitudes associated with
science
Regression analysis - CORRECT ANSWER-Method of analyzing sets of data and sets
of variables that involve studying how the typical value of the dependent variable
changes when one independent variable changes and the other remains the same.
Proteomic phyla - CORRECT ANSWER-Mouths are formed from the blastopore. Ex:
Mollusca, Annelida, Arthropods
Animal phyla that lack a coelom or have a psedocoelom - CORRECT ANSWER-
Peripheral, Cnidarian, Platyhelminthes, Nematode
# of invertebrates in animal kingdom - CORRECT ANSWER-98% of animal species, 30
phyla
Phylum Chordata - CORRECT ANSWER-Vertebrates, two cavities - thoracic holds
heart and lungs, abdominal holds digestive organs. All have endoskeletons
Deuterostome phyla - CORRECT ANSWER-Anuses are formed from blastopores,
Echinodermata and Chordata
Epithelial tissue - CORRECT ANSWER-Found on body surfaces and lining body
cavities, ex: skin and stomach lining. Functions are protections, secretion of chemicals,
