QASP TEST PAPER 2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Asperger's work was: - ✔✔More positive and refuted the original definition of Autism
found in Leo Kanner's research. May have been geared positively to help people w this
disability avoid execution by Nazis.
Not broadly known or translated from German until 80s.
✔✔John Watson - ✔✔1913, IDed observable bx as proper subject matter for
psychology & that all bx is controlled by environmental events.
Laid out Stimulus-Response psychology that led to behaviorism.
✔✔BF Skinner - ✔✔Distinguished between Pavlov's respondent conditioning
(conditioned reflexes) & operant conditioning (consequence of bx controls future
occurrence of bx).
✔✔Basic principles of Bx by Skinner (& others) - ✔✔Reinforcement
-Prompting
-Fading
-Shaping
-Schedules of Rx
(Principles are the pure science, not the applied science.)
-Principles used to describe how bx is lawful, observable, measurable & has an impact
on the environment.
✔✔Ivar Lovaas - ✔✔1960s-worked on the ME book, laying out teaching of applied bx
analysis. Laid out curriculum of programs, teaching sequence & how to teach them.
(Early modality of ABA).
Originally included aversives in practice, later took them out for ethical reasons/
criticisms.
Revised to publish Teaching Individuals w Developmental Delays:Basic Intervention
Techniques.
Taught target 1st in isolation, then w distractors, then teaching another the same way &
putting two into random rotation. Emphasized intensity, time table, EC, sitting still.
Program has been widely adapted, so is not commonly practiced.
✔✔/Verbal Behavior/ - ✔✔1957 by BF Skinner. Described language in terms of
functions; mainly mands, tacts, echoics & intraverbals.
, ✔✔Worked on Applying Verbal Bx - ✔✔Jack Michael
Vince Carbone
Mark Sundberg
James Partington
✔✔DRO - ✔✔Reinforcement is contingent on absence of problem behavior.
✔✔Example of DRO: Talking out in class for Attention - ✔✔Fixed schedule or random
schedule of rx for not talking out in class. Same or not standing/ wandering/ etc.
✔✔DRA - ✔✔Potential rx is presented contingent on occurrences of desired alternative
to maladaptive bx. Maladaptive Bx is placed on extinction.
✔✔Example of DRA: crying to escape - ✔✔Asking for a break. Crying doesn't result in a
break.
✔✔Replacement Bx for Attention: - ✔✔tap on shoulder, say "excuse me", raise hand in
class,
✔✔Replacement Bx for Escape: - ✔✔Asking for break, finish one more then break, take
a walk, go get a drink.
✔✔Replacement Bx for Tangibles: - ✔✔eating/ drinking on a schedule so kiddo isn't
hungry/thirsty, Manding/tacting desired items, Completing task to earn tangibles, turn
taking
✔✔Replacement bx for Sensory: - ✔✔fidgets, private time/breaks for sensory stimming,
mouthable necklaces, chewing gum, swinging at recess,
✔✔What is PRT - ✔✔:a naturalistic model of ABA.
Primarily Developed by Koegel Autism Center at UCSB in 1970s.
There are several "pivotal" areas/ domains of bx that have positive impact on learning
all other behaviors.
✔✔4 Pivotal Areas of Bx: - ✔✔1. Motivation
2. Responsivity to multiple cues
3. Self Mgmt (of interfering bx)
4. Self Initiated Social Interactions
✔✔PRT vs DTT: - ✔✔-PRT focuses on pivotal areas of bx.
-PRT uses naturalistic rx.
-PRT uses child's interests & motivation to lead the therapy sx.
-DTT focuses on individual target bx.
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Asperger's work was: - ✔✔More positive and refuted the original definition of Autism
found in Leo Kanner's research. May have been geared positively to help people w this
disability avoid execution by Nazis.
Not broadly known or translated from German until 80s.
✔✔John Watson - ✔✔1913, IDed observable bx as proper subject matter for
psychology & that all bx is controlled by environmental events.
Laid out Stimulus-Response psychology that led to behaviorism.
✔✔BF Skinner - ✔✔Distinguished between Pavlov's respondent conditioning
(conditioned reflexes) & operant conditioning (consequence of bx controls future
occurrence of bx).
✔✔Basic principles of Bx by Skinner (& others) - ✔✔Reinforcement
-Prompting
-Fading
-Shaping
-Schedules of Rx
(Principles are the pure science, not the applied science.)
-Principles used to describe how bx is lawful, observable, measurable & has an impact
on the environment.
✔✔Ivar Lovaas - ✔✔1960s-worked on the ME book, laying out teaching of applied bx
analysis. Laid out curriculum of programs, teaching sequence & how to teach them.
(Early modality of ABA).
Originally included aversives in practice, later took them out for ethical reasons/
criticisms.
Revised to publish Teaching Individuals w Developmental Delays:Basic Intervention
Techniques.
Taught target 1st in isolation, then w distractors, then teaching another the same way &
putting two into random rotation. Emphasized intensity, time table, EC, sitting still.
Program has been widely adapted, so is not commonly practiced.
✔✔/Verbal Behavior/ - ✔✔1957 by BF Skinner. Described language in terms of
functions; mainly mands, tacts, echoics & intraverbals.
, ✔✔Worked on Applying Verbal Bx - ✔✔Jack Michael
Vince Carbone
Mark Sundberg
James Partington
✔✔DRO - ✔✔Reinforcement is contingent on absence of problem behavior.
✔✔Example of DRO: Talking out in class for Attention - ✔✔Fixed schedule or random
schedule of rx for not talking out in class. Same or not standing/ wandering/ etc.
✔✔DRA - ✔✔Potential rx is presented contingent on occurrences of desired alternative
to maladaptive bx. Maladaptive Bx is placed on extinction.
✔✔Example of DRA: crying to escape - ✔✔Asking for a break. Crying doesn't result in a
break.
✔✔Replacement Bx for Attention: - ✔✔tap on shoulder, say "excuse me", raise hand in
class,
✔✔Replacement Bx for Escape: - ✔✔Asking for break, finish one more then break, take
a walk, go get a drink.
✔✔Replacement Bx for Tangibles: - ✔✔eating/ drinking on a schedule so kiddo isn't
hungry/thirsty, Manding/tacting desired items, Completing task to earn tangibles, turn
taking
✔✔Replacement bx for Sensory: - ✔✔fidgets, private time/breaks for sensory stimming,
mouthable necklaces, chewing gum, swinging at recess,
✔✔What is PRT - ✔✔:a naturalistic model of ABA.
Primarily Developed by Koegel Autism Center at UCSB in 1970s.
There are several "pivotal" areas/ domains of bx that have positive impact on learning
all other behaviors.
✔✔4 Pivotal Areas of Bx: - ✔✔1. Motivation
2. Responsivity to multiple cues
3. Self Mgmt (of interfering bx)
4. Self Initiated Social Interactions
✔✔PRT vs DTT: - ✔✔-PRT focuses on pivotal areas of bx.
-PRT uses naturalistic rx.
-PRT uses child's interests & motivation to lead the therapy sx.
-DTT focuses on individual target bx.
