NU 327 Exam 5 Questions with Detailed Verified Answers

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NU 327 Exam 5 Questions with
Detailed Verified Answers


Question: Functions of the renal system


Ans: -Maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance


-Detoxifying the blood and eliminating wastes


-Regulating blood pressure


-Production of erythropoietin


-Activation of Vitamin D to facilitate absorption of calcium


Question: What makes up the urinary system?


Ans: kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra


Question: What is the pelvis?


Ans: Large collecting area for urine


Question: What is the medulla?


Ans: pyramids

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Question: What is the cortex of the kidney?


Ans: -Glomeruli


-Nephron tubules


Question: What is the nephron?


Ans: functional unit of the kidney


Question: What are the 3 major functions of the nephron?


Ans: filtration, reabsorption, secretion


Question: What is filtration of the nephron?


Ans: water soluble substances from the blood


Question: What gets reabsorpted in the nephron?


Ans: filtered nutrients, water, and electrolytes


Question: What get secreted in the nephron?


Ans: waste products


Question: What is the function of the glomerulus?

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Ans: -fluid filtration from blood to the nephron


-more permeable than other capillaries in the body


-prevents passage of blood cells and proteins


Question: What is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ?


Ans: 125 mL/min


Question: What is the main driving force of the GFR?


Ans: hydrostatic pressure


Question: What is the most important factor of the GFR?


Ans: blood volume


Question: What measures GFR?


Ans: creatinine clearance


Question: What is the function of the proximal concoluted tubule?


Ans: -Reabsorbs about 2/3 of the filtered water and electrolytes


-Reabsorbs all of the nutrients, glucose, amino acids, bicarbonate ions,
and vitamins

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Question: What is the function of the descending loop of henle?


Ans: -transports water


-delivers concentrated filtrate to ascending loop


Question: What is the function of the ascending loop of henle?


Ans: -actively transports Na, Cl, and K


-increases interstitial osmolarity


Question: What is the function of the distal convoluted tubule?


Ans: -"Fine tune" of sodium and water reabsorption


--Angiotensin II


--Aldosterone


-Secretes H+ & K+


-Site from which filtrate enters the collecting tubule


Question: What is the function of the collecting tubule?