Module 1 - Anatomy and Physiology of the Vestibular System Questions and Answers Graded A+
Latest Update 2025-2026
Semicircular Canals - AnswersThree canals detecting angular motion: anterior, posterior, horizontal.
Utricle - AnswersOtolith organ sensing horizontal acceleration and motion.
Saccule - AnswersOtolith organ sensing vertical movement and sagittal motion.
Cranial Nerve VIII - AnswersVestibulocochlear nerve responsible for balance and hearing.
Vestibular Nuclei - AnswersBrainstem centers coordinating head and eye movements.
Cerebellum - AnswersCoordinates balance, eye movements, and extremity control.
Bony Labyrinth - AnswersHouses five sensory organs: three canals, two otoliths.
Membranous Labyrinth - AnswersContains endolymph, surrounded by perilymphatic fluid.
Otolithic Organs - AnswersUtricle and saccule sensing linear acceleration and gravity.
Otoconia - AnswersWeighted structures aiding in sensing linear acceleration.
Hair Cells - AnswersConvert otolithic membrane movement into neural signals.
Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR) - AnswersEye movements stabilize gaze based on head motion.
Ampulla - AnswersEnlarged end of semicircular canal containing cupula.
Cupula - AnswersFlexible membrane sensing endolymphatic fluid movement.
Kinocilium - AnswersSpecialized cilia in hair cells influencing receptor activity.
Stereocilia - AnswersSensory cells that detect movement and position changes.
Ewald's Second Law - AnswersExcitation responses to canal rotations exceed inhibition.
VOR Gain - AnswersRatio of head rotation to eye movement stability.
Retinal Slip - AnswersDifference between target and eye velocity affecting VOR.
Common Mode Noise - AnswersSimilar firing changes not related to head movement.
Common Mode Rejection - AnswersBrain ignores bilaterally similar firing patterns.
Vestibulo-Collic Reflex (VCR) - AnswersControls cervical muscles for head stability.
Vestibulo-Spinal Reflex (VSR) - AnswersPostural adjustments for body and head stability.
Cervico-Ocular Reflex (COR) - AnswersCompensatory eye movement based on cervical spine input.
Latest Update 2025-2026
Semicircular Canals - AnswersThree canals detecting angular motion: anterior, posterior, horizontal.
Utricle - AnswersOtolith organ sensing horizontal acceleration and motion.
Saccule - AnswersOtolith organ sensing vertical movement and sagittal motion.
Cranial Nerve VIII - AnswersVestibulocochlear nerve responsible for balance and hearing.
Vestibular Nuclei - AnswersBrainstem centers coordinating head and eye movements.
Cerebellum - AnswersCoordinates balance, eye movements, and extremity control.
Bony Labyrinth - AnswersHouses five sensory organs: three canals, two otoliths.
Membranous Labyrinth - AnswersContains endolymph, surrounded by perilymphatic fluid.
Otolithic Organs - AnswersUtricle and saccule sensing linear acceleration and gravity.
Otoconia - AnswersWeighted structures aiding in sensing linear acceleration.
Hair Cells - AnswersConvert otolithic membrane movement into neural signals.
Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR) - AnswersEye movements stabilize gaze based on head motion.
Ampulla - AnswersEnlarged end of semicircular canal containing cupula.
Cupula - AnswersFlexible membrane sensing endolymphatic fluid movement.
Kinocilium - AnswersSpecialized cilia in hair cells influencing receptor activity.
Stereocilia - AnswersSensory cells that detect movement and position changes.
Ewald's Second Law - AnswersExcitation responses to canal rotations exceed inhibition.
VOR Gain - AnswersRatio of head rotation to eye movement stability.
Retinal Slip - AnswersDifference between target and eye velocity affecting VOR.
Common Mode Noise - AnswersSimilar firing changes not related to head movement.
Common Mode Rejection - AnswersBrain ignores bilaterally similar firing patterns.
Vestibulo-Collic Reflex (VCR) - AnswersControls cervical muscles for head stability.
Vestibulo-Spinal Reflex (VSR) - AnswersPostural adjustments for body and head stability.
Cervico-Ocular Reflex (COR) - AnswersCompensatory eye movement based on cervical spine input.
