Maternal and Neonatal Nursing 2025
Final Exam Study Guide - 100 Questions with Verified Answers
Introduction
This comprehensive study guide covers essential concepts in maternal
and neonatal nursing based on current evidence-based practice and
2025 clinical guidelines. Topics include antepartum care, labor and
delivery, postpartum care, and neonatal assessment and care.
SECTION 1: ANTEPARTUM CARE (Questions 1-25)
1. Q: What is the recommended folic acid supplementation for
pregnant women? A: 400-800 mcg daily starting at least one month
before conception and continuing through the first trimester to prevent
neural tube defects.
2. Q: At what gestational age is the glucose tolerance test typically
performed? A: Between 24-28 weeks gestation to screen for gestational
diabetes mellitus (GDM).
3. Q: What are the normal weight gain recommendations for
pregnancy? A: Pre-pregnancy BMI <18.5: 28-40 lbs; BMI 18.5-24.9: 25-
35 lbs; BMI 25-29.9: 15-25 lbs; BMI ≥30: 11-20 lbs.
4. Q: When does quickening typically occur in primigravidas vs.
multigravidas? A: Primigravidas: 18-20 weeks; Multigravidas: 16-18
weeks gestation.
5. Q: What is the Leopold's maneuver sequence? A: 1st: Fundal grip
(fetal part in fundus), 2nd: Umbilical grip (fetal back location), 3rd:
Pawlik's grip (presenting part), 4th: Pelvic grip (cephalic prominence).
,6. Q: What constitutes a positive non-stress test (NST)? A: Two or more
fetal heart rate accelerations of at least 15 bpm above baseline, lasting
15 seconds, within a 20-minute period.
7. Q: What are the warning signs of preeclampsia? A: Hypertension
(≥140/90), proteinuria, headache, visual changes, epigastric pain,
sudden weight gain, and facial/hand edema.
8. Q: At what blood pressure readings should a pregnant woman be
evaluated immediately? A: Systolic ≥160 mmHg or diastolic ≥110
mmHg, or any significant increase from baseline (30 mmHg systolic/15
mmHg diastolic).
9. Q: What is the recommended frequency of prenatal visits? A: Every
4 weeks until 28 weeks, every 2 weeks from 28-36 weeks, then weekly
until delivery.
10. Q: What vaccines are recommended during pregnancy? A: Tdap
(preferably 27-36 weeks), annual influenza vaccine, and COVID-19
vaccine. Live vaccines are contraindicated.
11. Q: What are the signs of placental abruption? A: Sudden onset
severe abdominal pain, rigid boardlike abdomen, dark red vaginal
bleeding (may be concealed), and fetal distress.
12. Q: How does placenta previa differ from placental abruption? A:
Placenta previa: painless bright red bleeding, soft uterus, fetus usually
stable. Abruption: painful dark bleeding, rigid uterus, fetal compromise
common.
13. Q: What is the recommended treatment for Group B Strep (GBS)
positive mothers? A: Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis with penicillin
, G 5 million units IV loading dose, then 2.5-3 million units every 4 hours
until delivery.
14. Q: At what hemoglobin level is anemia diagnosed in pregnancy? A:
Less than 11 g/dL in first and third trimesters, less than 10.5 g/dL in
second trimester.
15. Q: What are the danger signs requiring immediate medical
attention in pregnancy? A: Vaginal bleeding, severe abdominal pain,
persistent vomiting, severe headache, visual disturbances, fever/chills,
decreased fetal movement.
16. Q: What is hyperemesis gravidarum? A: Severe nausea and
vomiting causing weight loss >5% of pre-pregnancy weight,
dehydration, ketonuria, and electrolyte imbalances.
17. Q: When is the anatomy scan typically performed? A: Between 18-
22 weeks gestation to assess fetal structures and detect anomalies.
18. Q: What are the components of a biophysical profile (BPP)? A:
Fetal breathing movements, gross body movements, fetal tone,
amniotic fluid volume (AFI), and non-stress test (NST).
19. Q: What constitutes oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios? A:
Oligohydramnios: AFI <5 cm or deepest pocket <2 cm. Polyhydramnios:
AFI >25 cm or deepest pocket >8 cm.
20. Q: What are the TORCH infections? A: Toxoplasmosis, Other
(syphilis, varicella, parvovirus B19), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and
Herpes simplex virus.
21. Q: What is the significance of maternal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
levels? A: Elevated levels may indicate neural tube defects or multiple
Final Exam Study Guide - 100 Questions with Verified Answers
Introduction
This comprehensive study guide covers essential concepts in maternal
and neonatal nursing based on current evidence-based practice and
2025 clinical guidelines. Topics include antepartum care, labor and
delivery, postpartum care, and neonatal assessment and care.
SECTION 1: ANTEPARTUM CARE (Questions 1-25)
1. Q: What is the recommended folic acid supplementation for
pregnant women? A: 400-800 mcg daily starting at least one month
before conception and continuing through the first trimester to prevent
neural tube defects.
2. Q: At what gestational age is the glucose tolerance test typically
performed? A: Between 24-28 weeks gestation to screen for gestational
diabetes mellitus (GDM).
3. Q: What are the normal weight gain recommendations for
pregnancy? A: Pre-pregnancy BMI <18.5: 28-40 lbs; BMI 18.5-24.9: 25-
35 lbs; BMI 25-29.9: 15-25 lbs; BMI ≥30: 11-20 lbs.
4. Q: When does quickening typically occur in primigravidas vs.
multigravidas? A: Primigravidas: 18-20 weeks; Multigravidas: 16-18
weeks gestation.
5. Q: What is the Leopold's maneuver sequence? A: 1st: Fundal grip
(fetal part in fundus), 2nd: Umbilical grip (fetal back location), 3rd:
Pawlik's grip (presenting part), 4th: Pelvic grip (cephalic prominence).
,6. Q: What constitutes a positive non-stress test (NST)? A: Two or more
fetal heart rate accelerations of at least 15 bpm above baseline, lasting
15 seconds, within a 20-minute period.
7. Q: What are the warning signs of preeclampsia? A: Hypertension
(≥140/90), proteinuria, headache, visual changes, epigastric pain,
sudden weight gain, and facial/hand edema.
8. Q: At what blood pressure readings should a pregnant woman be
evaluated immediately? A: Systolic ≥160 mmHg or diastolic ≥110
mmHg, or any significant increase from baseline (30 mmHg systolic/15
mmHg diastolic).
9. Q: What is the recommended frequency of prenatal visits? A: Every
4 weeks until 28 weeks, every 2 weeks from 28-36 weeks, then weekly
until delivery.
10. Q: What vaccines are recommended during pregnancy? A: Tdap
(preferably 27-36 weeks), annual influenza vaccine, and COVID-19
vaccine. Live vaccines are contraindicated.
11. Q: What are the signs of placental abruption? A: Sudden onset
severe abdominal pain, rigid boardlike abdomen, dark red vaginal
bleeding (may be concealed), and fetal distress.
12. Q: How does placenta previa differ from placental abruption? A:
Placenta previa: painless bright red bleeding, soft uterus, fetus usually
stable. Abruption: painful dark bleeding, rigid uterus, fetal compromise
common.
13. Q: What is the recommended treatment for Group B Strep (GBS)
positive mothers? A: Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis with penicillin
, G 5 million units IV loading dose, then 2.5-3 million units every 4 hours
until delivery.
14. Q: At what hemoglobin level is anemia diagnosed in pregnancy? A:
Less than 11 g/dL in first and third trimesters, less than 10.5 g/dL in
second trimester.
15. Q: What are the danger signs requiring immediate medical
attention in pregnancy? A: Vaginal bleeding, severe abdominal pain,
persistent vomiting, severe headache, visual disturbances, fever/chills,
decreased fetal movement.
16. Q: What is hyperemesis gravidarum? A: Severe nausea and
vomiting causing weight loss >5% of pre-pregnancy weight,
dehydration, ketonuria, and electrolyte imbalances.
17. Q: When is the anatomy scan typically performed? A: Between 18-
22 weeks gestation to assess fetal structures and detect anomalies.
18. Q: What are the components of a biophysical profile (BPP)? A:
Fetal breathing movements, gross body movements, fetal tone,
amniotic fluid volume (AFI), and non-stress test (NST).
19. Q: What constitutes oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios? A:
Oligohydramnios: AFI <5 cm or deepest pocket <2 cm. Polyhydramnios:
AFI >25 cm or deepest pocket >8 cm.
20. Q: What are the TORCH infections? A: Toxoplasmosis, Other
(syphilis, varicella, parvovirus B19), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and
Herpes simplex virus.
21. Q: What is the significance of maternal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
levels? A: Elevated levels may indicate neural tube defects or multiple
