Oncology NCLEX Questions And Answers
Verified 100% Correct
Which activity performed by the community health nurse best reflects primary
prevention of cancer?
A. Assisting women to obtain free mammograms
B. Teaching a class on cancer prevention
C. Encouraging long-term smokers to get a chest x-ray
D. Encouraging sexually active women to get annual (Pap) smears - CORRECT
ANSWER B. Primary prevention involves avoiding exposure to known causes of
cancer; education assists clients with this strategy. all the other options are secondary
levels of prevention.
A 52-year-old client relates to the nurse that she has never had a mammogram
because she is terrified that she will have cancer. Which response by the nurse is
therapeutic? A. "Don't worry, most lumps are discovered by women during breast self-
examination."
B. "Does anyone in your family have breast cancer?"
C. "Finding a cancer in the early stages increases the chance for cure."
D. "Have you noticed a lump or thickening in your breast?" - ANSWER C. Providing
truthful information addresses the client's concern.
Which information must the organ transplant nurse emphasize before each client is
discharged?
A. Taking immune suppressant medications increases your risk for cancer and the
need for screenings.
B. You are at increased risk for cancer when you reach 60 years of age.
C. Immunosuppressant medications will decrease your risk for developing cancers.
D. After 6 months, you may stop immune suppressant medications, and your risk for
cancer will be the same as that of the general population. - ANSWER A. Use of
immune suppressant medications to prevent organ rejection increases the risk for
cancer. Immune suppressant medications must be taken for the life of the organ; the
risk for developing cancer remains.
The home health RN is caring for a client who has a history of a kidney transplant and
takes cyclosporine (Sandimmune) and prednisone (Deltasone) to prevent rejection.
Which assessment data would be most important to communicate to the transplant
team?
A. The temperature is 96.6° F.
B. The client reports joint pain.
C. The oral mucosa appears pink and dry.
,D. A lump is palpable in the client's axilla. - ANSWER D. Clients taking immune
suppressive drugs to prevent rejection are at increased risk for development of
cancer; any lump should be reported to the physician.
A client who is scheduled to undergo radiation for prostate cancer is admitted to the
hospital by the registered nurse. Which statement by the client is most important to
communicate to the physician?
A. "I am allergic to iodine."
B. "My urinary stream is very weak."
C. "My legs are numb and weak."
D. "I am incontinent when I cough." - ANSWER C. Numbness and weakness should be
reported to the physician because paralysis caused by spinal cord compression can
occur.
When the nurse is counseling a 60-year-old African-American male client with all of
these risk factors for lung cancer, teaching should focus most on which risk factor?
A. Tobacco use
B. Ethnicity
C. Gender
D. Increased age - ANSWER A. lthough all of these are risk factors for lung cancer, the
client's tobacco use is the only factor that he can change.
The registered nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about malignant
transformation. Which statement about the process of malignant transformation is true?
A. Mutation of genes is an irreversible event that always leads to cancer
development in the initiation phase.
B. Insulin and estrogen enhance the division of an initiated cell during the promotion
phase.
C. Tumors form when carcinogens invade the gene structure of the cell in the
latency phase.
D. Nutrition of cancer cells is provided by tumor angiogenesis factor (TAF) in the
promotion stage. - ANSWER B. These promoters increase cell division. If cell division is
halted, this does not lead to cancer development in the initiation phase.In the initiation
phase, carcinogens invade the DNA of the nucleus of a single cell. A 1-cm tumor
consists of 1 billion cells. The latent phase occurs between initiation and tumor
formation. promotion phase consists of progression when the blood supply changes
from diffusion to TAF.
The nurse receives report on a client with a glioblastoma. Recognizing that cancers
are classified by their tissue of origin, the nurse begins to plan care for a client with
which type of cancer? A. Liver
B. Smooth muscle
C. Fatty tissue
D. Brain - ANSWER D. The prefix "glio-" is used when cancers of the brain are named.
, Which of these does the nurse recognize as the goal of palliative surgery for the
client with cancer? A. Cure of the cancer
B. Relief of symptoms or improved quality of life
C. Allowing other therapies to be more effective
D. Prolonging the client's survival time - ANSWER B. The focus of palliative surgery is
to improve quality of life during the survival time.
Which statement made by the client allows the nurse to recognize whether the client
who is receiving brachytherapy for ovarian cancer understands the treatment plan?
A. "I may lose my hair during this treatment."
B. "I must be positioned in the same way during each treatment."
C. "I will have a radioactive device in my body for a short time."
D. "I will be placed in a semiprivate room for company." - ANSWER C. Brachytherapy
refers to short-term insertion of a radiation source.
Which potential side effects should be included in the teaching plan for a client
undergoing radiation therapy for laryngeal cancer? select all that apply.
A. Fatigue
B. Changes in color of hair
C. Change in taste
D. Changes in skin of the neck
E. Difficulty swallowing - ANSWER a,c,d,e: Radiation therapy to any site produces
fatigue,may cause clients to report changes in taste. Radiation side effects are site
specific; the larynx is in this area, therefore changes in the skin may occur and
dysphagia may occur from radiation to the throat area. Chemotherapy, which causes
alopecia, may cause changes in the color or texture of hair.
The client receiving chemotherapy will experience the lowest level of bone marrow
activity and neutropenia during which period?
A. Peak
B. Trough C. Nadir
D. Adjuvant - ANSWER C. The lowest point of bone marrow function is referred to as
the nadir. The peak of bone marrow function occurs when the client's blood levels are at
their highest.Trough, which means low, is typically used in reference to drug levels.
The nurse teaches the client that intraperitoneal chemotherapy will be delivered where?
A. Into the veins of the legs
B. Into the lung
C. Into the heart
D. Into the abdominal cavity - ANSWER D. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy is placed in
the peritoneal cavity or the abdominal cavity.
Verified 100% Correct
Which activity performed by the community health nurse best reflects primary
prevention of cancer?
A. Assisting women to obtain free mammograms
B. Teaching a class on cancer prevention
C. Encouraging long-term smokers to get a chest x-ray
D. Encouraging sexually active women to get annual (Pap) smears - CORRECT
ANSWER B. Primary prevention involves avoiding exposure to known causes of
cancer; education assists clients with this strategy. all the other options are secondary
levels of prevention.
A 52-year-old client relates to the nurse that she has never had a mammogram
because she is terrified that she will have cancer. Which response by the nurse is
therapeutic? A. "Don't worry, most lumps are discovered by women during breast self-
examination."
B. "Does anyone in your family have breast cancer?"
C. "Finding a cancer in the early stages increases the chance for cure."
D. "Have you noticed a lump or thickening in your breast?" - ANSWER C. Providing
truthful information addresses the client's concern.
Which information must the organ transplant nurse emphasize before each client is
discharged?
A. Taking immune suppressant medications increases your risk for cancer and the
need for screenings.
B. You are at increased risk for cancer when you reach 60 years of age.
C. Immunosuppressant medications will decrease your risk for developing cancers.
D. After 6 months, you may stop immune suppressant medications, and your risk for
cancer will be the same as that of the general population. - ANSWER A. Use of
immune suppressant medications to prevent organ rejection increases the risk for
cancer. Immune suppressant medications must be taken for the life of the organ; the
risk for developing cancer remains.
The home health RN is caring for a client who has a history of a kidney transplant and
takes cyclosporine (Sandimmune) and prednisone (Deltasone) to prevent rejection.
Which assessment data would be most important to communicate to the transplant
team?
A. The temperature is 96.6° F.
B. The client reports joint pain.
C. The oral mucosa appears pink and dry.
,D. A lump is palpable in the client's axilla. - ANSWER D. Clients taking immune
suppressive drugs to prevent rejection are at increased risk for development of
cancer; any lump should be reported to the physician.
A client who is scheduled to undergo radiation for prostate cancer is admitted to the
hospital by the registered nurse. Which statement by the client is most important to
communicate to the physician?
A. "I am allergic to iodine."
B. "My urinary stream is very weak."
C. "My legs are numb and weak."
D. "I am incontinent when I cough." - ANSWER C. Numbness and weakness should be
reported to the physician because paralysis caused by spinal cord compression can
occur.
When the nurse is counseling a 60-year-old African-American male client with all of
these risk factors for lung cancer, teaching should focus most on which risk factor?
A. Tobacco use
B. Ethnicity
C. Gender
D. Increased age - ANSWER A. lthough all of these are risk factors for lung cancer, the
client's tobacco use is the only factor that he can change.
The registered nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about malignant
transformation. Which statement about the process of malignant transformation is true?
A. Mutation of genes is an irreversible event that always leads to cancer
development in the initiation phase.
B. Insulin and estrogen enhance the division of an initiated cell during the promotion
phase.
C. Tumors form when carcinogens invade the gene structure of the cell in the
latency phase.
D. Nutrition of cancer cells is provided by tumor angiogenesis factor (TAF) in the
promotion stage. - ANSWER B. These promoters increase cell division. If cell division is
halted, this does not lead to cancer development in the initiation phase.In the initiation
phase, carcinogens invade the DNA of the nucleus of a single cell. A 1-cm tumor
consists of 1 billion cells. The latent phase occurs between initiation and tumor
formation. promotion phase consists of progression when the blood supply changes
from diffusion to TAF.
The nurse receives report on a client with a glioblastoma. Recognizing that cancers
are classified by their tissue of origin, the nurse begins to plan care for a client with
which type of cancer? A. Liver
B. Smooth muscle
C. Fatty tissue
D. Brain - ANSWER D. The prefix "glio-" is used when cancers of the brain are named.
, Which of these does the nurse recognize as the goal of palliative surgery for the
client with cancer? A. Cure of the cancer
B. Relief of symptoms or improved quality of life
C. Allowing other therapies to be more effective
D. Prolonging the client's survival time - ANSWER B. The focus of palliative surgery is
to improve quality of life during the survival time.
Which statement made by the client allows the nurse to recognize whether the client
who is receiving brachytherapy for ovarian cancer understands the treatment plan?
A. "I may lose my hair during this treatment."
B. "I must be positioned in the same way during each treatment."
C. "I will have a radioactive device in my body for a short time."
D. "I will be placed in a semiprivate room for company." - ANSWER C. Brachytherapy
refers to short-term insertion of a radiation source.
Which potential side effects should be included in the teaching plan for a client
undergoing radiation therapy for laryngeal cancer? select all that apply.
A. Fatigue
B. Changes in color of hair
C. Change in taste
D. Changes in skin of the neck
E. Difficulty swallowing - ANSWER a,c,d,e: Radiation therapy to any site produces
fatigue,may cause clients to report changes in taste. Radiation side effects are site
specific; the larynx is in this area, therefore changes in the skin may occur and
dysphagia may occur from radiation to the throat area. Chemotherapy, which causes
alopecia, may cause changes in the color or texture of hair.
The client receiving chemotherapy will experience the lowest level of bone marrow
activity and neutropenia during which period?
A. Peak
B. Trough C. Nadir
D. Adjuvant - ANSWER C. The lowest point of bone marrow function is referred to as
the nadir. The peak of bone marrow function occurs when the client's blood levels are at
their highest.Trough, which means low, is typically used in reference to drug levels.
The nurse teaches the client that intraperitoneal chemotherapy will be delivered where?
A. Into the veins of the legs
B. Into the lung
C. Into the heart
D. Into the abdominal cavity - ANSWER D. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy is placed in
the peritoneal cavity or the abdominal cavity.
