OCS Military History All Lessons QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

OCS Military History All Lessons |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS |\ |\




War - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-Conflict between organized groups
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with "Unknown Resolve"
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- Each seeking to impose its will on the other
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Linear Tactics - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Troops Marched in
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column formation |\




- 2 to 3 ranks, shoulder to shoulder
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- Used successive volleys of fire
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- Purpose was to mass greatest amount of firepower over a given
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area
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- Tactics prevailed through WWI
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Smoothbore Musket - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Used from 1600's |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


to Pre-Civil War
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- Max Effective Distance of 100m
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- Highly inaccurate
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- 3 Rounds per minute
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Friction - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Any impediment to a
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commanders ability to wage war |\ |\ |\ |\




- EX: Muddy roads, undisciplined troops, bad weather
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,Strategic Level of War - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔All of a nation's
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armed forces in all campaigns |\ |\ |\ |\




Operational Level of War - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔In-theater |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


forces; Where the battle or war is actually taking place—i.e.
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Afghanistan


Tactical Level of War - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Individual field
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units (division or below)
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Battle of Bunker Hill - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Revolutionary War
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- 1775
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- Took place near Boston Town on the Charlestown Peninsula
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- Patriot forces actually occupied and fortified Breed's Hill. -
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English sacrificed the principals of surprise and maneuver in an
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effort to publicly defeat and humiliate the American's in a frontal
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assault. |\




- Patriots held the line, inflicting massive casualties on the
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British, |\




- Retreated after running dangerously low on ammunition. -
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Psychological victory for the American's. |\ |\ |\ |\




- Compare with Picket's Charge
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NYC Campaign - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Revolutionary War -
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1776
- British forces landed 32,000 soldiers on the shores of Staton
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Island NY. |\ |\

,- Washington split forces in an effort to meet British forces at
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both Staton and Long Island
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- Violated the principal of mass.
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- British forces continually out-maneuver Washington, forcing him
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to fall back several times
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- Washington realized that he did not need to defeat the British
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only needed to assure his army remain standing.
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Battle of Trenton - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Revolutionary war -
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1776
- Washington crossed the Deleware on Christmas night with
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4,000 untrained militia and 1,000 Short-time regulars.
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- Despite low morale among his troops and austere weather
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conditions, Washington inspired his men to keep moving forward.
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- He separated his forces and using the principle of surprise,
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- Patriots captured a German mercenary garrison, killing 40
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Hessians and capturing another 918. |\ |\ |\ |\




Battle of Princeton - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Revolutionary War -
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After Battle of Trenton
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- Cornwallis of the British forces aimed to trap Washington at
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Trenton |\




- Washington deployed the feint tactic and left a small security
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element at Trenton |\ |\ |\




- Washington, using an economy of force, took his main element
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and utilizing frozen over swamps,
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- Maneuvered behind Cornwallis to surprise his units from the
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rear. |\

, - Washington got out in front of his troops, and rallied his men to
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a victory.|\ |\




- Victory reinvigorated the American cause, rallied "fence sitters"
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to join the cause, and ruined any British hope for negotiations.
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Interior Lines - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Pro's
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- Lines of communication/logistics are short
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- More effective, easier to win a battle/campaign
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Con's
- Requires coordination
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- Facing outside, multiple converging threats
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Exterior Lines - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Pro's
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- Converge upon the enemy
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- Creates a multi-axis threat
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Con's
- Lines of communication/logistics are long
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- Requires Unity of Command
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Saratoga Campaign - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Revolutionary War
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- 1777
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- British General Burgoyne attempted to launch a complex multi-
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avenue attack on patriot forces led by General Gates.
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- British poor unity of command and lack of coordination led to
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him attempting to take Saratoga by himself - Fought an exterior
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line campaign against the American's interior lines
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