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ESI Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 2025/2026
H
– Verified Questions with Correct Answers &
Clinical Rationales
Student Name: _________________________
Date:_______________
Time Limit:90 minutes
Total Questions: 75
Instructions
● T his exam contains 75 questions, including multiple-choice (MCQ), select-all-that-apply (SATA),
and clinical judgment scenarios.
● Read each question carefully and select the best answer(s).
● Ensure all answers are marked clearly.
● No external resources are permitted unless specified.
Infection Control
Case Study 1: MRSA in Acute Care
A 50-year-old client with a MRSA-infected wound is on contact precautions.
1. M
CQ: What is the nurse’s priority action before enteringthe client’s room?
a. Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer
b.Wear gloves and gown
c. Allow shared equipment use
d. Restrict all visitors
Rationale: Gloves and gown (b) are required for contactprecautions to prevent MRSA spread.
Alcohol sanitizer (a) is less effective for MRSA, shared equipment (c) risks transmission, and
visitor restriction (d) is unnecessary unless specified.
, 2. S ATA: Which infection control measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
a.Use dedicated stethoscope
b. Allow contaminated linens in shared laundry
c.Change gloves after wound contact
d.Perform hand hygiene after glove removal
e. Remove PPE inside the room
Rationale: Dedicated equipment, glove changes, andhand hygiene (a, c, d) prevent MRSA
spread. Shared laundry (b) and removing PPE inside (e) increase transmission risk.
3. MCQ: The client’s wound drainage contacts the bedlinens. What should the nurse do?
a. Leave the linens in place
b.Change linens using contact precautions
c. Clean with alcohol wipes
d. Monitor without action
Rationale: Changing linens with precautions (b) preventsMRSA spread. Leaving linens (a),
alcohol wipes (c), or monitoring only (d) is inadequate.
Case Study 2: Clostridium difficile
A 60-year-old client with C. difficile diarrhea is on contact precautions.
4. M CQ: What is the priority hand hygiene method forC. difficile?
a. Use alcohol-based sanitizer
b.Wash hands with soap and water
c. Use gloves without washing
d. Restrict hand hygiene
Rationale: Soap and water (b) remove C. difficilespores, unlike alcohol (a). Gloves alone (c) or
restricting hygiene (d) increases transmission risk.
5. SATA: Which measures prevent C. difficile spread?(Select all that apply.)
a.Use dedicated commode
b. Allow shared bathroom use
c.Clean surfaces with bleach solution
d.Educate on hand washing
e. Remove PPE inside the room
Rationale: Dedicated commode, bleach cleaning, andhand washing education (a, c, d) prevent
spread. Shared bathrooms (b) and removing PPE inside (e) increase risk.
6. Clinical Judgment: The client reports skin irritationfrom frequent hand washing. What should
the nurse do?
a. Advise less frequent washing
b.Provide moisturizer and reinforce hand hygiene
c. Switch to alcohol sanitizer
d. Ignore the irritation
Rationale: Moisturizer and hygiene reinforcement(b) maintain infection control while
addressing irritation. Less washing (a), alcohol (c), or ignoring (d) is unsafe.
, Case Study 3: Surgical Site Infection
A 45-year-old client post-appendectomy has redness at the incision site.
7. M CQ: What is the priority infection control actionduring dressing changes?
a. Use non-sterile gloves
b.Use sterile technique
c. Leave the wound uncovered
d. Clean with alcohol
Rationale: Sterile technique (b) prevents infection.Non-sterile gloves (a), uncovering (c), or
alcohol (d) increases infection risk.
8. SATA: Which actions are appropriate for wound care?(Select all that apply.)
a.Assess for signs of infection
b. Reuse wound care supplies
c.Use clean gloves for removal
d.Notify provider of redness
e. Ignore drainage
Rationale: Assessing infection, using clean gloves,and notifying the provider (a, c, d) prevent
complications. Reusing supplies (b) and ignoring drainage (e) increase infection risk.
9. MCQ: The client asks, “Why do you wear gloves?” Whatshould the nurse say?
a. “It’s just policy.”
b.“It protects you and others from infection.”
c. “It keeps my hands clean.”
d. “It’s for visitors only.”
Rationale: Explaining infection prevention (b) educatesthe client. Policy (a), personal
cleanliness (c), or visitor focus (d) is inaccurate or non-therapeutic.
Additional Infection Control Questions
10.MCQ: A client with influenza is on droplet precautions.What should the nurse wear?
a. Gloves only
b.Mask and eye protection
c. Gown only
d. No PPE
Rationale: Droplet precautions require a mask andeye protection (b) to prevent transmission.
Gloves (a), gown only (c), or no PPE (d) is insufficient.
11.SATA: Which actions prevent influenza spread? (Selectall that apply.)
a.Wear a mask within 3 feet
b. Allow shared equipment
c.Encourage respiratory hygiene
d.Perform hand hygiene
e. Restrict all visitors
Rationale: Mask use, respiratory hygiene, and handhygiene (a, c, d) prevent spread. Shared
equipment (b) increases risk, and visitor restriction (e) is unnecessary unless specified.
ESI Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 2025/2026
H
– Verified Questions with Correct Answers &
Clinical Rationales
Student Name: _________________________
Date:_______________
Time Limit:90 minutes
Total Questions: 75
Instructions
● T his exam contains 75 questions, including multiple-choice (MCQ), select-all-that-apply (SATA),
and clinical judgment scenarios.
● Read each question carefully and select the best answer(s).
● Ensure all answers are marked clearly.
● No external resources are permitted unless specified.
Infection Control
Case Study 1: MRSA in Acute Care
A 50-year-old client with a MRSA-infected wound is on contact precautions.
1. M
CQ: What is the nurse’s priority action before enteringthe client’s room?
a. Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer
b.Wear gloves and gown
c. Allow shared equipment use
d. Restrict all visitors
Rationale: Gloves and gown (b) are required for contactprecautions to prevent MRSA spread.
Alcohol sanitizer (a) is less effective for MRSA, shared equipment (c) risks transmission, and
visitor restriction (d) is unnecessary unless specified.
, 2. S ATA: Which infection control measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
a.Use dedicated stethoscope
b. Allow contaminated linens in shared laundry
c.Change gloves after wound contact
d.Perform hand hygiene after glove removal
e. Remove PPE inside the room
Rationale: Dedicated equipment, glove changes, andhand hygiene (a, c, d) prevent MRSA
spread. Shared laundry (b) and removing PPE inside (e) increase transmission risk.
3. MCQ: The client’s wound drainage contacts the bedlinens. What should the nurse do?
a. Leave the linens in place
b.Change linens using contact precautions
c. Clean with alcohol wipes
d. Monitor without action
Rationale: Changing linens with precautions (b) preventsMRSA spread. Leaving linens (a),
alcohol wipes (c), or monitoring only (d) is inadequate.
Case Study 2: Clostridium difficile
A 60-year-old client with C. difficile diarrhea is on contact precautions.
4. M CQ: What is the priority hand hygiene method forC. difficile?
a. Use alcohol-based sanitizer
b.Wash hands with soap and water
c. Use gloves without washing
d. Restrict hand hygiene
Rationale: Soap and water (b) remove C. difficilespores, unlike alcohol (a). Gloves alone (c) or
restricting hygiene (d) increases transmission risk.
5. SATA: Which measures prevent C. difficile spread?(Select all that apply.)
a.Use dedicated commode
b. Allow shared bathroom use
c.Clean surfaces with bleach solution
d.Educate on hand washing
e. Remove PPE inside the room
Rationale: Dedicated commode, bleach cleaning, andhand washing education (a, c, d) prevent
spread. Shared bathrooms (b) and removing PPE inside (e) increase risk.
6. Clinical Judgment: The client reports skin irritationfrom frequent hand washing. What should
the nurse do?
a. Advise less frequent washing
b.Provide moisturizer and reinforce hand hygiene
c. Switch to alcohol sanitizer
d. Ignore the irritation
Rationale: Moisturizer and hygiene reinforcement(b) maintain infection control while
addressing irritation. Less washing (a), alcohol (c), or ignoring (d) is unsafe.
, Case Study 3: Surgical Site Infection
A 45-year-old client post-appendectomy has redness at the incision site.
7. M CQ: What is the priority infection control actionduring dressing changes?
a. Use non-sterile gloves
b.Use sterile technique
c. Leave the wound uncovered
d. Clean with alcohol
Rationale: Sterile technique (b) prevents infection.Non-sterile gloves (a), uncovering (c), or
alcohol (d) increases infection risk.
8. SATA: Which actions are appropriate for wound care?(Select all that apply.)
a.Assess for signs of infection
b. Reuse wound care supplies
c.Use clean gloves for removal
d.Notify provider of redness
e. Ignore drainage
Rationale: Assessing infection, using clean gloves,and notifying the provider (a, c, d) prevent
complications. Reusing supplies (b) and ignoring drainage (e) increase infection risk.
9. MCQ: The client asks, “Why do you wear gloves?” Whatshould the nurse say?
a. “It’s just policy.”
b.“It protects you and others from infection.”
c. “It keeps my hands clean.”
d. “It’s for visitors only.”
Rationale: Explaining infection prevention (b) educatesthe client. Policy (a), personal
cleanliness (c), or visitor focus (d) is inaccurate or non-therapeutic.
Additional Infection Control Questions
10.MCQ: A client with influenza is on droplet precautions.What should the nurse wear?
a. Gloves only
b.Mask and eye protection
c. Gown only
d. No PPE
Rationale: Droplet precautions require a mask andeye protection (b) to prevent transmission.
Gloves (a), gown only (c), or no PPE (d) is insufficient.
11.SATA: Which actions prevent influenza spread? (Selectall that apply.)
a.Wear a mask within 3 feet
b. Allow shared equipment
c.Encourage respiratory hygiene
d.Perform hand hygiene
e. Restrict all visitors
Rationale: Mask use, respiratory hygiene, and handhygiene (a, c, d) prevent spread. Shared
equipment (b) increases risk, and visitor restriction (e) is unnecessary unless specified.
